How many opportunities and risks do new energy vehicles bring to the lithium industry?

The new energy vehicle industry has just started, and there is no risk of bubbles. On the contrary, this is a sunrise industry, and the state has been strongly supporting. In reality, the domestic demand for new energy vehicles is increasing day by day, and the demand for new energy reform in many large cities is also imminent.

An industry that is very promising. If your problem is solved, please give, thank you!

<> "Looking at the lithium battery industry from new energy vehicles.

1) New energy vehicle industry chain.

Compared with the traditional automobile industry chain, power batteries are an important part of the new energy vehicle industry chain. The "three electrics" system (battery, motor, electronic control system) is an important indicator to evaluate the performance of new energy vehicles. Among them, ternary batteries have the characteristics of high energy density, high capacity, and low temperature resistance.

2) Industry characteristics.

1) There are many ternary material enterprises, but the strength is not strong. According to the statistics of the senior industry research institute, as of the end of 2016, the domestic ternary material shipment of more than 8,000 tons of enterprises has not yet appeared, and the product homogeneity of major enterprises is serious. At the same time, driven by Tesla, the domestic ternary power battery has set off an expansion boom.

With the continuous progress of technology, the demand for long-lasting batteries is increasing, and the market demand for ternary materials is in a period of strong production and sales. Against a favorable backdrop, a large number of new entrants will emerge in the market.

2) Lack of core patents and repeated construction of low-end production capacity. The patents for nickel-cobalt-lithium manganese oxide are mainly in the hands of 3M and Argonne laboratories in the United States. BASF, Umicore, Ruixiang, etc. all have the right to use the patents of 3M or Argonne laboratories, while the awareness of domestic patents is relatively weak.

3) At present, the domestic ternary material model is mainly 523. Regardless of whether it is a ternary material for digital or power, the 523 model is still the most widely used.

4) Enterprises have deployed high-nickel materials, such as 811, NCA, etc. High capacity is the long-term demand of digital and power batteries, and the bottleneck of lithium iron phosphate energy density is emerging, and high-nickel ternary materials have become the focus of enterprises due to their high energy density.

3) Relevant policies.

Cathode materials belong to the "Encouraged Category" of the "Industrial Structure Adjustment Guidance Catalogue (2019 Edition)".

Ten. 1. Science and technology service industry".

The 13th Five-Year Plan for the Development of Strategic Emerging Industries proposes to systematically promote the R&D and industrialization of fuel cell vehicles, and realize the mass production and large-scale demonstration application of fuel cell vehicles by 2020.

In 2025, the sales of new energy vehicles are expected to exceed 5.3 million, and the sales of new energy vehicles will account for 20% of vehicle sales. The investment in the new energy industry chain in the past five years has remained at about 39.4 billion yuan, and the mileage of the new energy industry chain in 2020 will be 380km, an increase of 2 times compared with 2014.

Power batteries are an important part of pure electric vehicles. According to the cathode material, it can be divided into ternary battery and lithium iron phosphate battery. Between 2013 and 2018, the installed capacity increased by 72 times.

However, when the sales of new energy vehicles declined in 2019, the growth rate of power battery installed capacity fell below 10%. Part of the positive growth was due to the rush to install before the subsidy was removed. Therefore, power batteries are closely related to the prosperity of the new energy vehicle market.

At the same time, ternary batteries are favored by car companies because of their higher energy density, capacity and low-temperature performance. In 2019, the installed capacity of ternary batteries accounted for an increase compared with 2017.

China's retail sales of new energy passenger vehicles in July were 10,000 units, a year-on-year increase, a month-on-month decline, and the cumulative retail sales of 10,000 units from January to July, a year-on-year increase, and it is expected that this year may exceed 7 million units for the whole year. The market demand is huge. But are new energy vehicles really not polluting the environment?

At present, new energy vehicle batteries are basically lithium batteries.

First, lithium metal is a substance that can cause harm to the environment. Lithium metal is flammable and can have a violent chemical reaction with many substances, as evidenced by the lithium battery combustion accident of many electric cars, but this lithium battery combustion accident is only one of the many hazards that lithium metal can produce. Potent fluxes used in both lithium metal electrolytes and battery cathodes can cause a variety of diseases, including cancer and neurological diseases.

In particular, cobalt metal, which is used to make compressed high-power lithium batteries, is a highly carcinogenic poison. As long as a person is exposed to cobalt metal, there is a high risk that his lungs, nerves, and respiratory tract will be damaged.

Second, the pollution that may occur in the production process of lithium batteries, lithium batteries are mainly composed of the following: positive electrode powder, negative electrode powder, conductive agent powder, binder powder, organic disperse solvent, electrolyte, separator, copper current collector, aluminum current collector.

1. Cathode powder: at present, the common one is licoo2, in which cobalt is a toxic metal substance; Therefore, be careful to inhale into the respiratory tract when touching, and do not enter the mouth after contamination of hands or other parts.

2. Anode powder: mainly graphite, toxicologically speaking, the material is non-toxic. But it is still necessary to pay attention to dust protection.

3. Conductive agent: mainly carbon material, non-toxic, but the particles are finer than graphite, especially pay attention not to inhale.

4. Organic dispersant: mainly used for the preparation of electrode slurry, which is a toxic organic solvent, do not inhale or contact directly.

5. Electrolyte: It is the most toxic and corrosive component of lithium battery, and should not be contacted or inhaled.

In addition to the contamination of the material, the solvent in the injection solution is mainly cyclic chain carbonate or carboxylate. The solute is mainly lithium salt lithium hexafluorophosphate, and the additives are mainly film-forming additives, flame retardant additives, conductive additives, and low-temperature discharge improvement additives. If you don't pay attention to its control, it will definitely pollute the environment.

As for the final encapsulation and formation, then the contamination is even less.

This is because the battery life of this kind of battery is relatively strong, and the battery life is also relatively long, although it is relatively better, and it is also more affordable and cost-effective.

Because it's cheaper, and it's better to use in winter, it's a cost-effective choice, but if you can buy a good one, don't buy it.

Mainly because of the cost, the cost of ternary lithium battery is lower, so it is also widely used.

Because many consumers are ignorant and fearless, they only love face and only recognize mileage.