In terms of chemistry, what are the components of gases in the air about the composition of the atmo

Not a basic component of the atmosphere, but an atmospheric pollutant.

Atmospheric composition refers to the various gases and particles that make up the atmosphere. Including clean air, water vapor, dust.

The atmosphere on Earth has constant gas components such as nitrogen, oxygen, and argonThere are gas components such as carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide, which are generally fixed, and there are also gas components that vary greatly such as water vapor, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, and ozone. Solid and liquid aerosol particles such as dust, smoke particles, salt particles, water droplets, ice crystals, pollen, spores, and bacteria are often suspended.

Nitrogen ( Oxygen ( Argon ( Water vapor ( Carbon dioxide ( Neon ( Helium ( , Methane ( Krypton ( Hydrogen ( Xenon ( Ozone ( Other(.

At an altitude of less than 60 km, most of them are neutral molecules; From 60 km upward, ionization begins during the day under the action of solar radiation, and above 90 km, it is mostly in the ionization state. In the upper atmosphere, some components are also broken down into atomic states.

The air in the atmosphere is invisible, but it is surprisingly massive. Scientists estimate that there are more than 500 billion tons of air around the entire planet. People who live on Earth will be crushed to pieces if there is no outward pressure from the human body.

Due to the gravitational pull of the Earth, nine-tenths of the atmospheric mass is concentrated in the atmosphere within 16 kilometers near the surface. The higher above the ground, the thinner the air.

The main components of air are:Nitrogen and oxygen, the normal air composition by volume fraction is: nitrogen (N2) accounts for about 78%, oxygen (O2) accounts for about 21%, rare gases account for about helium HE, neon Ne, argon, krypton KR, xenon XE, radon RN), carbon dioxide (CO2), and other gases and impurities account for about us, such as ozone (O3), nitric oxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), water vapor (H2O), etc.

The content of the main components of the air:Air refers to the mixture of gases in the earth's atmosphere, so air belongs to the mixture, which is mainly composed of nitrogen, oxygen, noble gases (helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, radon), carbon dioxide and other substances (such as water vapor, impurities, etc.).

Among them, the volume fraction of nitrogen is about 78%, the volume fraction of oxygen is about 21%, the volume fraction of rare gases (helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, radon) is about, the volume fraction of carbon dioxide is about, and the volume fraction of other substances (such as water vapor, impurities, etc.) is about. The composition of air is not fixed, and as the altitude changes, the air pressure changes, and the proportion of air composition also changes.

Atmosphere. It can be divided into several layers, troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, ionosphere, and the most closely related to us is the troposphere of air from within 10-12 kilometers, the main weather phenomena clouds, rain, snow, hail, etc. occur in this layer, and the aurora occurs in these areas 80-500 kilometers above the ground, more than 500 kilometers called the outer atmosphere, also called the magnetosphere, which is the atmosphere to interstellar space.

The area of the transition.

The height of the atmosphere is usually considered within 1,000 km, i.e., within the ionosphere, i.e., the thickness of the atmosphere is 1,000 km.

The composition of the atmosphere, at an altitude of less than 120 km, the main composition of the atmosphere is: a homogeneous mixture of nitrogen molecules and oxygen molecules (O2), followed by argon (Ar) and carbon dioxide.

co2）.The next constituent elements (arranged in chronological order of content) are neon, helium, krypton, xenon, hydrogen, chlorine, and nitrous oxide.

Ozone, sulphur dioxide.

Nitrogen dioxide, ammonia, nitric oxide.

and iodine. Carbon dioxide and ozone are very small in the atmosphere, but they are important components of the atmosphere because carbon dioxide maintains the ambient temperature, and ozone prevents the sun's short-wave radiation from reaching the ground, which is harmful to humans. The content of water vapour and fine dust in the atmosphere decreases with the increase of altitude, and they play an important role in the change of the atmosphere.

They can cause changes in the weather such as rain, clouds, fog, etc. The distribution of atmospheric composition elements at an altitude of more than 120 km, varies with atomic weight.

Differences. At altitudes below 120 km, the atmosphere is composed of a mixture of nitrogen and oxygen molecules. From 120 km to 1000 km, oxygen atoms occupy the main position; 1,000 to 2,500 kilometers are nitrogen, and more than 2,500 kilometers are hydrogen in space, and hydrogen extends all the way to interstellar space.

The main component of the atmosphere is nitrogen.

The Earth's atmosphere is made up of a mixture of many gases. Nitrogen is one of the main components of the earth's atmosphere, accounting for the total amount of the atmosphere, is the basis for the existence of life on the earth, and also plays an important role in the environment.

The composition of the air is mainly nitrogen and oxygen, which is caused by various changes in nature over a long period of time. Before the advent of primitive greenery, the primitive atmosphere was dominated by carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, methane, and ammonia.

Nitrogen is a colorless, odorless, and non-toxic gas that constitutes the most important component of the Earth's atmosphere. Nitrogen is an active gas that can decompose nitrogen oxides from the atmosphere, which can be used as nutrients for plants and can promote the growth and development of plants.

In addition, the air contains very small amounts of hydrogen, ozone, nitrogen oxides, methane and other gases. Dust is a more or less suspended impurity in the air. In general, the composition of air is generally relatively fixed.

Properties and uses of nitrogen:

Properties: There are about 4,000 trillion tons of gas in the atmosphere, of which nitrogen is 78%. Nitrogen is slightly soluble in water and alcohol.

It is non-flammable and is considered a suffocating gas. Although nitrogen is considered an inert element, it forms some very active compounds. It can be used as a diluent and controls the natural rate of combustion and respiration, which is faster at higher oxygen concentrations.

Nitrogen is soluble in water and alcohol, but it is basically insoluble in most other liquids. It is essential in life, and its compounds can be used as food or fertilizer. Nitrogen is used in the manufacture of ammonia and nitric acid.

Nitrogen is basically an inert gas at ambient and moderate temperatures. As a result, most metals are easy to handle with it. At elevated temperatures, nitrogen can be aggressive to metals and alloys.

Uses: Nitrogen is often referred to as an inert gas and is used in certain inert atmospheres for metal treatment and in light bulbs to prevent arcing, but it is not chemically inert.

It is an essential element of skin modification in animal and plant life, and is a component of many useful chemical and aging compounds. Nitrogen combines with many metals to form hard nitride, which can be used as a wear-resistant metal. The small amount of nitrogen in steel inhibits grain growth at high temperatures and also increases the strength of some steels.

The atmosphere is made up of a variety of gases and also contains small amounts of solid and liquid impurities.

The whole mixture of gases in the atmosphere except for water vapor and solid impurities is called clean atmosphere. The main components of the clean atmosphere are oxygen, nitrogen, argon, and carbon dioxide sources, as well as neon, helium, ozone and other trace gases.

In terms of volume, nitrogen, oxygen, argon, carbon dioxide, and other gases in the clean atmosphere are less than combined. Below 90 km, the ratio of clean air composition remains roughly unchanged. Above 90 kilometers, the atmosphere is mainly composed of nitrogen and oxygen, but due to the hidden external irradiation of the sun's purple socks, oxygen and nitrogen have been ionized into charged particles.

Oxygen in the atmosphere is necessary for all life. Nitrogen can dilute the concentration of oxygen, so that the oxidation is not too violent. The amount of ozone in the atmosphere is small, but it plays an important role.

It can absorb the sun's ultraviolet radiation, affect the vertical distribution of atmospheric humidity, and also protect life on the ground from the killing effect of ultraviolet rays.

Carbon dioxide absorbs very little solar shortwave radiation, mainly absorbing long-wave radiation from the ground, while emitting long-wave radiation to the surrounding air and the ground. It can hinder the drop in surface air temperatures, the so-called "greenhouse effect".

There is also water vapor in the atmosphere. Water vapor is mainly concentrated in the near-surface layer, although the content is not much, but it plays an important role in weather changes and is the raw material for the formation of clouds and rain.

At a certain temperature, there is a maximum amount of water vapor that can be held by a certain amount of air. The air that contains the maximum amount of water vapor is called saturated moist air. This limit varies with temperature.

The lower the temperature, the smaller the maximum amount of water vapor that can be accommodated. The physical quantity that indicates the amount of water vapor in the air is the humidity of the air.

There are also various solid impurities in the atmosphere. Solid impurities are at the heart of water vapor condensation. With this core, water droplets in the atmosphere collide with each other and expand as they move up and down before they finally condense into clouds.

1. The atmosphere can be divided into several layers, troposphere, stratosphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, ionosphere, and the most closely related to us is the air troposphere from within 10-12 kilometers, the main weather phenomena clouds, rain, snow, hail, etc. all occur in this layer, and the aurora borealis appears in these areas 80-500 kilometers above the ground, more than 500 kilometers is called the outer atmosphere, also called the magnetosphere, which is the transition area from the fiber ophrotic atmosphere to interstellar space.

2. The atmosphere refers to the layer of air that surrounds the earth's periphery, and the total mass is about one-millionth of the total amount of the earth. Due to the action of gravity, the atmosphere gradually thins from the ground to the upper altitude, and the atmospheric mass is mainly concentrated in the lower part, 50% is concentrated below 5km, 75% is concentrated below 10km, and 98% is concentrated below 30km.