What are the precautions for masks and what to pay attention to when wearing masks

Precautions for the use of masks are as follows:1. Respiratory protective equipment includes masks and masks, and hands should be washed before wearing and after taking off;

2. When wearing a mask, pay attention to the front and back, up and down, the mask should cover the mouth and nose, and adjust the nose clip to fit the face;

3. Avoid touching the inside and outside of the mask with your hands during wearing, and take off the mask by removing the cords at both ends;

4. Wearing multiple masks can not effectively increase the protective effect, but increase the breathing resistance and may destroy the tightness;

5. There is no evidence to prove the effectiveness of various measures such as cleaning and disinfection of masks.

6. Disposable medical masks and medical surgical masks are limited to use, and the cumulative use does not exceed 8 hours. Masks should be used by occupationally exposed persons for no more than 4 hours and cannot be reused.

Mask Wearing and Changing:1.Medical standard protective masks have a period of use, and the masks are dedicated to special personnel and cannot be cross-used;

2.High-risk personnel need to be replaced when they re-enter after taking off the protective device;

3.Masks contaminated with blood, respiratory secretions, nasal secretions, and other body fluids should be replaced immediately;

4.Higher-risk personnel need to be replaced after receiving patients with high suspicion;

5.Wash your hands before wearing the mask and avoid touching the inside of the mask when wearing it;

6.Masks should be replaced in time when they are dirty, deformed, damaged, or smelly.

Mask preservation:1.If you need to reuse your mask, hang it in a clean, dry and ventilated place, or place it in a clean, breathable paper bag;

2.Masks should be stored separately and identified by the person who uses them.

Mask Cleaning & Sanitization:1.Medical standard protective masks cannot be cleaned, nor can they be disinfected by disinfectants, heating and other methods;

2.The cleaning of self-priming filtering respirators (full-range or half-faced) and powered air-purifying respirators should be carried out according to the instructions;

3.Cotton yarn masks can be cleaned and disinfected, and other non-medical masks should be disposed of according to the instructions.

1.Hand washing. Be sure to wash your hands before wearing a mask. In this way, it is possible to avoid contamination of the mask caused by contaminated hands touching the clean mask.

2.Distinguish the positive and negative, and the fit is important.

It is not difficult to distinguish the front and back of the N95 mask, while many people cannot distinguish the front and back of the medical surgical mask, so I want to tell you about it. Generally speaking, surgical masks have the darker side facing outwards and the lighter side facing inwards against the face. At the same time, after wearing, the mask should be completely close to the face, the lower part of the mask covers the lower jaw, and the upper part of the mask is close to the bridge of the nose.

Focus on the new pneumonia

3.Frequent replacement.

Generally speaking, a mask can be used for 4-6 hours. In order to play a protective role, it is generally necessary to pay attention to changing the mask after 4-6 hours.

4.Take off your mask.

When taking off the mask, you should pinch the ear loops and carefully remove the mask, and be careful not to pollute other parts of the body during the whole removal process.

5.Discard in a timely manner.

As a mask used by ordinary people, it is an uncontaminated mask and is generally disposed of as daily dry garbage. What everyone can do is to take off the mask and discard it in the trash in time, and if you don't feel at ease, you can wrap it in a plastic bag and throw it away. If the mask is contaminated by a new coronavirus patient or a suspicious patient, it is necessary to contact a professional institution for professional disposal, and cannot be discarded at will.

6.Wash your hands again.

After discarding the mask, everyone must pay attention to washing their hands again. Don't ignore this step, as your hands may become infected during the mask-removing process, so be sure to wash your hands again.

1.Wash your hands before wearing a mask, or avoid touching the inside of the mask during wearing a mask to reduce the possibility of contamination of the mask.

2.Distinguish between the inside and outside, the top and bottom of the mask. The KN95 mask has a printed side for the outside, and a metal strip The end of the sponge strip is above the mask; The light-colored side of the disposable medical mask should be attached to the mouth and nose, the dark side should be facing outward, and one end of the metal strip (nose clip) is above the mask.

3.Do not squeeze the mask with your hands, including N95 masks, they can only isolate the virus on the surface of the mask, if you squeeze the mask with your hands, so that the virus will soak the mask with droplets, there is still a chance to be infected with the virus.

4.Be sure to try to make the mask fit well on the face. A simple test is to put on the mask and exhale forcefully so that air does not leak out of the edge of the mask.

5.Masks should be changed regularly, not reversed, and not worn in turns.

Regardless of the type of dust mask, the expected effect of safety precautions is limited, and the use time will be due to large inhalable particles being blocked on the surface of the dust mask or ultra-air pollutants blocking the void of the dust mask filter device, resulting in high filtration efficiency reduction and increased respiratory friction. Due to the current spread of the epidemic, many people have come to buy dust masks, so how to properly choose dust masks, and what are the common problems of wearing dust masks, I need to tell you next.

Commonly used tools Raw materials.

Dust masks. How to choose a dust mask.

At this stage, the types of dust masks that can be seen on the market are important medical equipment dust masks (such as N95 dust masks), medical device surgical dust masks and general disposable medical surgical protective masks, in addition, there are also all kinds of cotton masks, sponge dust masks, etc.

The expected effect of N95 dust masks in preventing infectious diseases is stronger, but the air permeability rate is poor, and the breathing friction resistance is quite large, so it is not suitable for long-term wear.

The dust mask for medical equipment is a kind of sealed self-priming filter diagnosis and treatment protective equipment, which can effectively filter particles in the vapor and block droplet infection, blood, blood, and essential substances, and is suitable for symptom avoidance.

The general absorbent gauze mask is a kind of safety and precautionary health care products, which has a certain filtering effect on anaerobic particle sludge, droplet infection and dust in the vapor, and is used to avoid general symptoms.

A common problem with wearing dust masks.

In order to make full use of the safety precautionary role of the dust mask, when wearing the dust mask, the folded surface should be fully expanded, the mouth, nose and chin should be completely wrapped, the hidden zipper of the dust mask should be tightened as much as possible, and the aluminum parts on both sides of the nose should be fastened to reduce the leakage around it, and it is best to breathe slowly.

Wash your hands and disinfect your hands before wearing a dust mask, and avoid touching the inside of the dust mask during the whole process of wearing the mask, so as to reduce the possibility of the dust mask being polluted by the air as much as possible. Dust masks should be distinguished from inside and outside, up and down, disposable medical device surgical dust masks, dark coffee side on the outside, light gray side inward; There is a metal composite strip (nose clip) on one end of the top, and the dust mask should be washed and disinfected as much as possible after being discarded.

After wearing, you should never squeeze the dust mask. All kinds of dust masks, including N95 dust masks, only have the safety protection of virus infection on the surface of the dust mask.

Precautions when using a mask generally include paying attention to hand hygiene, distinguishing the front and back sides when wearing a mask, taking off the mask to avoid touching the outside, and changing the mask on time. It is recommended that people wear masks scientifically in their daily lives, avoid using unclean masks, pay attention to personal cleanliness and hygiene, etc., so as to better play the protective role of masks.

1. Pay attention to hand hygiene: When using masks in daily life, you need to pay attention to keeping your hands clean and hygienic. If the mask is directly touched when hand hygiene is poor, hand pollutants can breed in the mask, which will affect the effectiveness of the mask.

2. Distinguish the front and back when wearing a mask: When using a mask, you should also pay attention to distinguishing the front and back of the mask. If the inside of the mask is outside, it will not be able to play a defensive effect, and to a certain extent, it can lead to bacteria and viruses invading the body and reducing the body's resistance;

3. Take off the mask and avoid touching the outside: During the process of taking off the mask, try to avoid direct contact with the outside of the mask. Due to the long-term use of the mask, it can lead to excessive pollutants attached to the outside of the mask, and after using the hands to touch, it can lead to the growth of bacteria, viruses and other pathogens on the hands**, if you touch the food or mouth and nose with your hands, it is easy to cause bacteria, viruses and other infections;

In order to avoid the infection of the new pneumonia, we need to wear masks when we go out to effectively prevent human-to-human transmission, because the transmission of pneumonia is mainly the transmission of droplets, and masks can block droplets to a certain extent. But masks are not a panacea, especially the way masks are worn, and if they are not worn correctly, they have no protective effect. So what are the precautions for wearing a mask?

Let's talk about it in detail now.

Note 1:

We should do our hands before wearing the mask, or do not touch the inside of the mask with our hands during the whole process of wearing the mask, because the inside side of the mask will come into contact with our mouth and nose, and if it is contaminated, it will have a great impact, so washing hands and avoiding touching the inside of the mask is the most noteworthy point.

Note 2:

Before wearing a mask, we must distinguish the front and back of the mask before wearing it correctly, generally we often use medical surgical masks are mostly white on the inside, and the direction of the side with the metal strip is the top, and the metal strip needs to be pressed and the nose wing is closely fitted in order to play a better protective role.

Note 3:

When taking off the mask, do not touch the surface of the mask, because the surface of the mask is the side that has the most contact with the source of pollution, and if you touch it easily, it may become cross-infection, so we need to take off the rope on the ear when taking off the mask, and then fold it from the inside of the mask before processing, so as to reduce the risk of taking off the mask and touching the virus.

Precautions when using masks.

1. Do not wear a mask for a long time.

If you wear a mask for a long time, the nasal mucosa will become fragile and lose the original physiological function of the nasal cavity, so you cannot wear a mask for a long time. Masks should only be worn in special settings, such as in crowded places with poor air circulation. Of course, it is necessary to wear a mask when walking in the wild, to protect against wind, sand and cold, or to be active in an environment with air pollution, but not for too long.

In addition, during the flu season, you should also wear a mask when going to public places where there may be a large number of pathogenic bacteria. Wearing a mask is only one of the ways to prevent respiratory infections, and the most important thing is to maintain good habits.

2. Cleaning and maintenance of masks.

The outer layer of the mask often accumulates a lot of dust, bacteria and other dirt in the outside air, while the inner layer blocks the exhaled bacteria and saliva, so the two sides cannot be used alternately, otherwise the dirt contaminated by the outer layer will be inhaled into the human body when it is directly attached to the face, and become a source of infection. When not worn, fold the mask and put it in a clean envelope, fold it inward against the nose and mouth, and do not slip it into your pocket or hang it around your neck.

3. Disinfection of masks.

1.Cleaning. Start by gently rubbing the gauze mask with warm water and soap, and the bowl mask can be gently brushed with a soft brush dipped in detergent, and then washed off with water. Please note that you should never rub it too hard, because if the warp and weft gap of the gauze is too large, it will lose its effect of preventing droplets.

2.Disinfect. Soak the cleaned mask in a 2% peracetic acid solution for 30 minutes or boil it in boiling water for 20 minutes or steam it in a steamer for 15 minutes, then dry it for later use. This method works well with gauze masks and bowl-shaped face shields.

3.Examine. Before using it again, you should carefully check whether the mask and face shield are still in good condition, and you can take the light transmission inspection method for gauze masks and face shields, that is, take them to the lamp to see if there are obvious light spots, whether the light transmittance of the middle part and the edge part is consistent, and replace it with a new one if in doubt.