The decisive factor for the existence of living matter on the planet high school geography .

Why is there life on Earth?

Among the nine planets in the solar system, the light blue earth is the only planet full of life, and nearly two million species of life are active in its mountains, oceans, forests, blue skies, and poles, and it is a well-deserved paradise of life. But why does life love the earth so much?

Although the academic community has not been able to give an accurate definition of life, life is a complex phenomenon with two basic characteristics: first, it is capable of self-replication; The second is to be able to metabolize. Both of these activities require energy, and in the case of animals and plants, the ultimate source of energy is the sun.

If the planet is too far away from the sun, such as Pluto, it receives very little sunlight, like the legendary underworld, where life cannot survive because it does not have enough energy; If the planet is too close to the sun, such as Venus, it receives a lot of solar light, and the temperature is above 400 degrees Celsius day and night, just like the mythical purgatory, and life is difficult to survive.

The earth is neither too close nor too far from the sun, and the light received is moderate, and plants can freely use the sun's light energy to photosynthesize and store the energy needed for life activities, when vegetarian animals eat plants, this stored energy goes to the body of vegetarian animals, and when carnivores eat vegetarian animals, the energy goes to the body of carnivores......In this way, it is the light energy of the sun that activates the life machinery of animals and plants on the earth, so that the descendants of animals and plants can flourish and live endlessly.

The right temperature on earth is necessary for life activities. The energy required for life activities is supplied through metabolism, and a supercold or overheated environment is not conducive to the normal progress of metabolism, and only at the right temperature can plants effectively carry out photosynthesis.

The earth is protected by an atmosphere, which is by no means optional for the life that inhabits it, because: the atmosphere blocks the strong ultraviolet rays from the universe, so that life on the earth is not harmed; The atmosphere blocks most of the meteorites that crash into the Earth, so that the surface of the Earth is not as cratered as the surface of the Moon; The atmosphere is like a thick quilt, so that the sunlight that hits the earth's surface will not be emitted into space, so that the temperature on the earth will not change drastically; If there is no protection of the atmosphere, there will be no wind and rain on the earth, and there will be no rivers, lakes and seas, and the earth will be a dead and desolate planet.

There is thriving life on Earth, which is not separate from being a rocky planet. The core of the earth is molten magma, and the main component of magma is iron. During the rotation of the Earth, a strong magnetic field is generated in the ferrous core.

This magnetic field envelops and protects the Earth. When a solar storm, a stream of high-velocity charged particles from the sun, hits the Earth violently, the magnetic field that surrounds the Earth keeps it out of space, protecting life on Earth.

The conditions on Earth are unique for life. However, in the vast universe, the solar system is just a part of the ocean, the sun is not the only star in the vast space, is the earth the only planet inhabited by life in the vast sea of stars?

The conditions for the existence of life on Earth are:

1.External conditions:

Stable sunlight (no significant change in the sun);

Orbit safety (large and small asteroids orbit in their own ways and do not interfere with each other, so that the earth is in a relatively safe cosmic environment);

2.Internal conditions:

The surface temperature is suitable (the distance between the sun and the ground is moderate, and the rotation period is neither long nor short);

an atmosphere suitable for biological respiration (the Earth's volume and mass are moderate and the original atmosphere has evolved over a long period of time);

There is liquid water (the heat of the Earth's interior produces water vapor, and the Earth's internal water vapor escapes to form a hydrosphere).

External conditions: Stable lighting and a safe cosmic environment, and the eight planets go their own way.

Self-conditions: the earth has a moderate mass and volume, there is air suitable for living organisms to breathe, the earth is at a moderate distance from the sun, so that the earth's surface has temperature conditions suitable for the occurrence and development of life processes, and there is liquid water on the earth.

The Earth's rotation period is moderate.

The appropriate distance between the sun and the earth causes the temperature of the earth to be neither hot nor cold, and the temperature difference is also small, and the liquid water will not be evaporated quickly, nor will it be completely frozen, so that the water can flow and evaporate into the atmosphere, forming a water cycle. In addition, the Earth's atmosphere is stable, preventing the impact of other small celestial bodies.

1.necessary constituent substances. There must be carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and other elements of life. At the same time, it should also be noted that living matter is transformed from simple organic matter, and the production of organic matter lays a direct material foundation for life.

2.Moderate light and heat. The meaning of light and heat is, first and foremost, the source of energy for life activities.

Light plays an extremely important role in the conversion of inorganic matter into organic matter. Moderate light and heat produce the right temperature, which of course ensures that the chemical bonds of the carbon atoms are not broken and that biological processes are carried out normally.

3.Liquid water. Water exists in a liquid state at a suitable temperature. Water is an absolutely indispensable component of living organisms, and it is also an important medium for life activities, and some minerals required by living organisms come from water.

4.Atmosphere. A primordial atmosphere similar to that on Earth is far from enough to ultimately determine the existence of life.

This atmosphere can be synthesized by ultraviolet irradiation or electric sparks, but because it lacks enough oxygen, it cannot protect life from meteorites, the lack of ozone layer does not protect life from ultraviolet damage, and it does not have the appropriate components to protect the heat on the planet's surface. An atmosphere suitable for living beings to breathe is essential for the existence of life.

5.The above conditions are maintained for a long time. So that life has a process of generation, development, and evolution. Otherwise, even if life is generated, it will be a flash in the pan, and it will not exist in the true sense.

The earth is massive, attracts water and air, and abundant water resources are indispensable, as well as the protection of the atmosphere.

The Earth has a magnetic field that can withstand many cosmic rays.

The Earth is at a moderate distance from the Sun, making the Earth's surface temperature suitable for living organisms.

The distance between the sun and the earth is moderate.

The Earth is moderate in volume and mass.

There is liquid water on Earth.

There is a safe cosmic environment.

That's exactly what I'm doing.

That's the summary.

1.The distance between the Earth and the Sun is moderate, so that the surface of the Earth has temperature conditions suitable for the occurrence and development of life processes. If the Earth is too close to the Sun, the surface temperature is too high, and the thermal disturbance is too strong, the atoms cannot be combined at all, and they cannot form molecules, let alone complex living matter.

Conversely, if the Earth is too far away from the Sun and the surface temperature is too low, life cannot be formed. 2.The Earth has a moderate volume and mass, and its gravitational pull can cause a large amount of gas to gather around the Earth, forming an atmosphere that surrounds the Earth.

The original Earth's atmosphere was composed mainly of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, methane and ammonia, and lacked oxygen, which was not suitable for the needs of living organisms. After a long evolutionary process, the Earth's atmosphere has turned into an atmosphere that is mainly composed of nitrogen and oxygen and is suitable for biological respiration. 3.

There is liquid water on Earth. Originally, there was no water on Earth. Due to the shrinkage of the original Earth's volume and the decay of radioactive elements in the interior to produce heat, the temperature of the Earth's interior gradually increases, and water vapor is constantly produced.

This water vapor escapes from the surface through volcanic activity and other forms, gradually cools and condenses to form precipitation, and converges into the low-lying areas of the surface to form a primeval ocean. The ocean is the cradle of life, and the first single-celled organisms appeared in the ocean.

There is an atmosphere, there is a steady and abundant light like the sun, and there is a lot of liquid water and oxygen.

1. The distance from the sun is moderate, so that the earth's temperature is neither too high nor too low.

2. The earth has an atmosphere.

3. Safe cosmic environment.

The distance between the sun and the earth is moderate.

The Earth is moderate in volume and mass.

There is liquid water on Earth.

There is a safe cosmic environment.

That's exactly what I'm doing.

That's the summary.

Life is a spontaneous repetition of the present in the spirit of the universe.

Because spirits are past things that are recorded as present things, there are spirits everywhere in the universe.

There is no life without spirit, but having spirit does not mean having life.

Since the "repetition of the convergence and divorce of the memory of things" must be in harmony in order to be spontaneous, the direct cause of the existence of life on the earth is the cyclical circumnavigation of the moon to the earth, the earth to the sun, and the sun to the silver heart, and the fundamental reason is the three laws of the universe: "uneven control, equal creation, and extinction"!

It is only when the spirit evolves to the point where it can be spontaneously repeated in the present that it can become a life that lives in the present.

Human beings are one of countless cosmic beings.

The human spirit is a type of cosmic spirit.

Man-made objects are artificially recreated in the present human spirit. Man-made objects are lifeless, but they express life.

Water, air, sunlight and the corresponding living environment.

Suitable for temperature, water, steam, light, etc.

First of all, you have to understand what life is, there are many forms of life, and if you limit it to life that you can see and touch, it is too narrow.

There are so many of them that I can write a book, and it's hard to put into words.

The planet we live in, the earth, is the home we live on, so from the day there were human beings, this planet has been awe-inspiring and admired, no matter what it was called by the people at that time, human beings' feelings for the earth have never changed. But the Earth is one of the most ordinary planets in the universe, even in the solar system. In the solar system where the earth exists, there are a total of nine planets, the earth ranks fifth in terms of volume, the earth ranks third in terms of distance from the sun, the average distance from the sun is 100 million km, and on the inner side of the earth are water or filial piety and Venus; The density of the Earth is 5,515 kilograms per cubic meter, and like the other planets in the solar system, the Earth rotates as it orbits the sun.

Because we live on the Earth that we are most familiar with, we call the other eight planets terrestrial planets. From this point of view, our home earth, the earth is an ordinary planet, but why is it that only the earth in the solar system is inhabited by humans?

In fact, there is also something extraordinary in this ordinary characteristic, and it is some particularities of the earth itself that create a rich and colorful world on the earth. From the perspective of location, the distance between the earth and the sun is moderate, the temperature is suitable, and from the birth of the solar system to the beginning of primitive life on the earth, there is no obvious change in the sun, and under this stable light condition, it is possible to give birth to life on the earth; On the other hand, the position of the earth and other planets is relatively reasonable, and the direction of rotation around the sun is the same and the orbit is in the same plane, which determines that the evolution of the earth is not disturbed by other planets. The Earth itself is a special physicochemical system, which is also different from other planets in the solar system, the volume and mass of the Earth determine the evolution of the physical and chemical form of the Earth, and the liquid hydrosphere and the atmosphere formed by nitrogen-oxygen, as well as the plate movement of the solid geosphere make the Earth gradually become no longer ordinary.

Based on these earth-specific characteristics, water began to form primitive oceans under the influence of the earth's geological forces and the primordial atmosphere, and the origin of the life shirt began in this blue world.

In the early solar system, some primitive celestial bodies frequently collided with the young Earth, which increased the size of the Earth on the one hand, and on the other hand, the energy of movement was converted into heat energy and stored in the interior of the Earth. Impacts occur constantly, and a lot of heat energy accumulates in the interior of the earth. The average temperature of the Earth is several thousand degrees Celsius, and the metals and minerals inside have turned into molten hot magma.

Magma moves violently inside the Earth, bursting out of the Earth's surface from time to time to form volcanic eruptions. On the pristine Earth, volcanic eruptions were frequent. With volcanic eruptions, some gases are continuously released from the earth's interior, forming a primordial atmosphere.

However, there were still no biomolecules on Earth at this time.

In the years that followed, as more and more water vapor accumulated in the primordial atmosphere, the Earth's surface temperature began to decrease. When it drops below the boiling point of water, the water vapor drops to the ground as a downpour. The downpour rains fell day and night, forming the first oceans, which prepared the cradle for the birth of life.

At that time, the temperature of the Earth's surface was still very high, and by about 3.6 billion years ago, the temperature of the sea had dropped to about 80, but before that, primitive life had been quietly conceived.

The birth of life is very related to the primordial atmosphere. It is assumed that the main components of the primordial atmosphere were carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, methane, water vapor, and ammonia. For these simple gas molecules to become biomolecules, they must become complex enough.

Synthesis of complex substances requires energy.

Thankfully, there are various forms of energy available on primordial Earth. First of all, the primitive atmosphere did not have an ozone layer, and the ultraviolet rays from sunlight could enter the atmosphere without any scruples, which brought energy to the earth. Secondly, lightning will appear in the primordial atmosphere, and lightning is a phenomenon of energy release.

Again, volcanic activity was frequent on the primitive earth, and volcanic eruptions could release a lot of heat.

Simple gas molecules, after absorbing energy, become unusually active, which in turn produces chemical reactions to form complex (living) matter. Miller, a scientist in the United States, was the first scientist to successfully synthesize complex (life) matter by simulating the conditions of the primitive Earth's atmosphere.