The classification of the level, what does the level measure?

High precision, high efficiency and intelligence are important development directions in the field of measuring instruments today. In the field of measuring micro parts, measuring instruments such as universal tool microscopes, image measuring instruments, profilometers, and three-dimensional image measuring instruments have long been used. These traditional measuring instruments mainly rely on the observation and manual operation of the human eye in the measurement process, which is not only cumbersome in the measurement process, but also the measurement results will be affected by manual experience, and it is difficult to achieve high-efficiency, high-precision and automatic measurement.

At present, computer and optoelectronic technology are developing rapidly, from the image measuring instrument that directly projects the image of the part on the screen to the advanced CCD for image acquisition, the image measuring instrument technology has undergone qualitative changes, and the data channel between the image measuring instrument and the computer has been established, in order to realize the intelligent measurement of the parts

Level, English: level

Establish an instrument for measuring the height difference between two points on the ground with a horizontal line of sight. The main components are the telescope, the tube level (or compensator), the vertical axis, the base, the foot spiral. According to the structure, it is divided into micro-inclination level, automatic leveling level, laser level and digital level (also known as electronic level).

According to the accuracy, it is divided into precision level and ordinary level.

Level shuǐpíngyí

An instrument for determining the water level. It consists of a frame and a curved glass tube filled with ether or alcohol, in which air bubbles are left and the bubbles are always at the highest point of the tube. When the spirit level is in the horizontal position, the position of the bubble is in the middle of the scale on the tube. Also called leveler.

Level shuǐzhǔnyí

An instrument that uses a horizontal line of sight to directly determine the height difference between two points on the earth's surface is mainly composed of a telescope and a spirit level.

A level is an instrument that measures the difference in height between points on the ground.

Leveling is to place a level between two points on the ground, observe the level scale erected on the two points, and calculate the height difference between the two points according to the readings on the scale.

The elevation of each point is determined station by station, usually from the origin of the level or any known elevation point, along the selected leveling route. Since the water level of different elevations is not parallel, and the elevation difference between the two points measured along different routes will be different, it is necessary to make necessary corrections according to the normal elevation system used in order to obtain the correct elevation when collating the results of national level measurements.

The level is divided into four grades according to its accuracy: precision level DS05, DS1; Ordinary level DS3, DS10D geodesy; s level; The following numbers represent the measurement accuracy of the instrument (the median error of the median altimetry difference per kilometer, i.e., the accuracy).

According to its structure, the level can be divided into four types: vertical sun micro-tilt level, automatic leveling level, electronic level and digital level.

At present, the most commonly used level in general engineering surveying is: DS3 inclination level (or DS3 automatic level).

Structure of the level: According to the principle of leveling, the main function of the level is to provide a horizontal line of sight and take readings from the leveling rod. Therefore, the level consists of three parts: a telescope, a level, and a base.

The principle of level: leveling is to use the horizontal line of sight, with the help of the leveling ruler, to determine the height difference between two points on the ground, so that the elevation of the known point can be calculated from the elevation of the unknown point.

According to the main technology used in the level, it can be divided into four types:

1. Micro-tilt level. Horizontal line of sight is obtained with the help of a slight tilt spiral. Its tube level has a small dividing value and high sensitivity. The telescope is connected to the tube level. With the slight tilt spiral, the tube level is slightly pitched in the vertical plane, which conforms to the center of the level and the line of sight.

2. Automatic leveling level. Horizontal line of sight is obtained with the help of an automatic leveling compensator. When the telescope's line of sight is slightly tilted, the compensator moves the telescope relative to the telescope under the action of gravity, so as to quickly obtain a scale reading at the level of the line of sight.

This kind of instrument has higher ergonomic efficiency and stable accuracy than the micro-tilt level.

3. Laser level. Laser beams are used instead of manual readings. The laser beam emitted by the laser is directed into the telescope barrel so that it emits a horizontal laser beam in the boresight direction. Equipped with a photoelectric receiving target that can be automatically tracked on the leveling scale, the cover residue level measurement can be carried out.

4. Digital level, which is a new development level in the 90s of the last century, integrates opto-electromechanical, computer and image processing and other high-tech, and is the crystallization of the latest development of modern science and technology.