How to do a good potato harvest? How to improve the efficiency of potato planting? What s the best w

How to achieve high yields of sweet potatoes.

In order to make sweet potatoes high-yielding, the following links should be taken in cultivation management:

1. Cultivate strong seedlings. The high yield performance of sweet potato varieties and the quality of potato seedlings are the internal factors that determine the yield. Only excellent varieties can inherit excellent genes and keep their offspring in excellent traits.

Try to choose robust potato seedlings when planting, therefore, do a good job in potato seedlings breeding, improve the quality of potato seedlings, purify and rejuvenate the seed nature, in order to improve the yield of sweet potatoes.

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2. Choose the soil. Sweet potato is a root crop, which requires deep soil layer, loose, fertile, breathable, and refreshing soil conditions. Those who use paddy fields to plant autumn potatoes should infiltrate sand and change soil.

If there is too much water, which affects the respiration of the roots, the soil should also choose a relatively loose and fertile soil, so as to ensure the growth of sweet potatoes.

3. Timely planting. Sweet potato is a temperature-loving crop, and the optimal temperature for root formation is 24-25, and the optimal temperature for root expansion is 22-24. According to the conditions of sweet potato growth requirements and the characteristics of the local climate, we should seize the season and be in"Great heat"Before and after planting, the sweet potato can make full use of the high temperature and strong light conditions in July and August, grow stems and leaves in time, branch early, set potatoes early, and produce more potatoes in the early stage.

January is the month with the lowest temperature, which is not conducive to the growth and development of sweet potatoes, and even frost damage. Therefore, it is necessary to grasp the early planting at the appropriate time, strive for early tubing, early expansion, and extend the effective expansion period of potato nuggets, so as to make sweet potatoes yield high.

Fourth, horizontal shallow seedlings. Sweet potato planting density and planting method also had a certain effect on yield. It should not be too thin, nor too dense, if it is dense, the photosynthesis will be relatively weak, and the plant will not grow well, too sparse will not only waste the soil but also affect the growth of sweet potatoes.

Generally, 3800-4000 plants are planted per mu, and the method of planting in a single row with high furrow and fine ridges is adopted, and horizontal shallow planting is adopted. It is a trapezoidal furrow with a width of 90 cm (including a pit) and a height of 36 cm, with a plant spacing of 17 cm and a horizontal shallow seed of 2-3 cm. And be sure to cut the seedlings at noon on a sunny day and plant them in the afternoon, so that the yield of sweet potatoes is high.

5. Reasonable fertilization and water. Autumn potatoes should be followed"Light front, middle attack, back supplement"The principle is mainly organic fertilizer, supplemented by chemical fertilizer, and diligent and thin application. When furrowing, 50-100 kg of grass ash per mu is used and sprinkled at the bottom of the furrow ditch; When planting, apply 30 quintals of manure water per mu as root fertilizer.

Honda has a total of 8 times in the whole period, and the total amount of fertilization is equivalent to kilograms of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, so as to achieve the appropriate coordination of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.

Sixth, pay attention to the prevention and control of pests and diseases. Sweet potatoes are also susceptible to insect infestations, so we should often go to see them, and kill them in time once they appear. For example, sweet potato scabs can be sprayed with dysenammonium.

Sweet potato moth larvae can be sprayed with 5% high-efficiency rotten cyanide 3500-4000 times liquid control. Sweet potato weevils can be sprayed with dimethoate and trichlorfon and so on.

Potato plants need to use several potatoes to develop at the same time, otherwise it will be difficult to distribute and balance nutrients, and there will naturally be large and small. If you let the small potatoes continue to grow, the end result is that the small potatoes do not grow, and the plant will age and die.

First of all, when planting, the land must be organized. Seeds also need to be detoxified. During its growth, the soil needs to be loosened, and weeding is also remembered. Also check regularly for pests and diseases.

1: Control water and kill seedlings on time. For the northern one-crop area, 20 days before the frost comes, it is necessary to control the water and kill the seedlings in time to make full preparations for the harvest.

The month before the harvest is an important swelling period for potatoes, and the yield per mu should be increased by more than 100 catties per day, therefore, some inexperienced growers see that the weather is still good, and the potato pieces are expanding rapidly, and they are reluctant to control the water and kill the seedlings.

2: Let the dry matter fully accumulate, so that the potato skin can be aged, and prevent mechanical injury. In fact, this is still a matter of controlling water and killing seedlings in advance, killing seedlings early, the expansion of potato pieces slows down, the potato skin is aging normally, and the amount of potato pieces injured by bumps during harvest is greatly reduced, which is not only conducive to transportation and storage, but also sells well after listing!

3. Adjust the harvesting equipment to let the harvester enter the best state to prevent the harvesting from being unclean and too much mechanical injury due to height and distance during harvesting.

4: The harvested potatoes of the day should be kept warm at night. Zhangjiakou and Ximeng area, in September, the weather is sunny and warm during the day, and it will quickly cool down and become cold at night.

It is necessary to carry out a simple market survey, observe the local potato sales, investigate the same problems of size, taste and quality of the block leader, and conveniently select small pieces of potato seeds suitable for the local consumer market in the early stage of potato planting to carry out pre-seedling planting, so as to lay a good foundation for future market sales. Naturally, you can also go to the market wholesale to inquire about the business volume of potatoes, and do a good job in potato seed extraction; There are also basic problems such as the quality of land suitable for the growth and development of potatoes, fertilizer and agricultural production materials. According to the relevant investigation report, when the ploughing depth is 15 18cm, the loose soil layer can reach 30cm, which can increase the yield by 10% compared with the precision sowing; The ploughing depth is 36cm, and it is <>

Yield can be increased by 18 cm deeper than tillage. Therefore, steady development is the basis for increasing potato production. The actual effect of outdoor tooth promotion is also very good.

Dig a tooth promotion groove with a width of 1 meter, a depth of 50cm, and a length depending on the amount of seed potatoes, according to the way of tooth promotion in the room, place the slices in the ditch to promote teeth, build a small arch shed on the ditch, cover the plastic film to raise the ambient temperature, cover the grass at 5 p.m. for heat insulation, and remove the grass at 8 p.m. After germination, after seeing the light landscaping, the buds are thick, good after sowing, fast budding, maturity, disease resistance, and high production.

In order to grow potatoes well and produce high, it is closely related to the selection of soil. It is necessary to plough the land carefully and harrow, and before deep ploughing, it is necessary to apply manure from the farmyard with good manure, and finally make a furrow. It is best to be around 8cm from the ground level, with an interval of 25 or 30 cm, because potatoes grow and develop underground, they must be very indoor to ensure a bumper harvest.

The direct impact of different stages of potato picking on product characteristics. Potato picking is one of the key factors that endanger the production characteristics, appearance characteristics and postharvest storage quality of rhizomes. Potatoes do not have to be obtained until physiologically mature like many other crops, and can be picked appropriately in actual production according to the specific conditions such as planting purpose, economic benefits or the need for rhizomes, so it is very important to have a clear harvest date.

Sooner or later, picking can endanger the production characteristics, seed characteristics and storage characteristics of potatoes, and then jeopardize the economic benefits of potato planting.

It is necessary to choose excellent varieties for planting, and also to water them in time, pay attention to the use of fertilizers, and it is best to choose organic fertilizers.

Be sure to promote germination in advance, and also pay attention to the time of sowing, generally in March every year, and pay attention to the outside temperature of sowing.

The first method is to water more, many plants grow smaller because of lack of water, if you want potatoes to improve efficiency, then you need to water more. The second method is to choose the right seeds, we must choose a larger one when choosing potato seedlings, so that the potatoes will grow big after they grow.

The purpose of <> potato storage is to meet the needs of the perennial market** and the second year of sowing, but the water content of potatoes is high, often reaching 70-80%, and the skin of potatoes is thin, tender and easy to damage. If the operation is not done properly during storage, in addition to choosing a suitable storage place for the storage of beans, how long they can be stored has a great relationship with the storage conditions, that is, when storing, three elements must be met to ensure that you can store as long as you want. The three elements are temperature, humidity and air composition.

Potatoes are potatoes, in our country, suitable for planting a wide range, high yield, rich in nutrition, with good economic benefits, but after the potato harvest, how to store scientifically, has become a major problem that troubles everyone. There are many varieties of potatoes, which can be divided into white, red, yellow, purple and other types according to the skin color; In terms of harvest time, it can be divided into two types: potatoes harvested in summer and potatoes harvested in autumn. At present, the economic benefits of cold storage in China are higher for the Dutch imports, and the summer harvest is early.

Potato storage is learned, and if you want to store it for a long time, you need to pay attention to a certain technology. In our traditional storage, there is not so much attention to technology, so it is easy to deteriorate after storage for a long time, and only some of it can be thrown away. The cultivation of modern potatoes is commercial, before talking about potato storage methods, how to talk about potatoes, in fact, I am still relatively good at potato planting, because my hometown of Pingliang, Gansu has a potato planting base, and the Dingxi area of Gansu has the country's largest potato exchange, bag storage:

If you eat 50 100 kg of potatoes in winter, it is more suitable for the tenants, put the potatoes in a plastic bag, and put 10 cm of damp black soil in the mouth of the bag, which is not dry, fresh and not spicy.

The suitable storage temperature of potatoes is 3-5, the relative humidity is about 90%, and the tubers are not easy to germinate or have little germination, and they are not easy to shrink. Can be stored for 10-15 days. To preserve potatoes at home, you can pick out the potatoes that are bad, rotten, or damaged, pack the potatoes in a bamboo basket or bamboo basket, and store them in a dark, ventilated and dry place.

Potatoes need sunlight and water to sprout, and the probability of germination is very low when stored in the dark.

You can put the potatoes in the freezer or refrigerator of the refrigerator, or you can put the potatoes in a cooler and dry place, if you have a cellar at home, you can also put it in the cellar, but never put it in a sunny place, because this kind of place is not conducive to potato storage.

We must put the potatoes in the cellar, and the environment must be cool and ventilated, not sunny, not too humid.

Do not wash the potatoes after harvesting, and put them directly into the cold storage with soil, so that the storage time is the longest.

Potato planting time Song Lu Kuan.

Potatoes are usually planted at the end of March in the spring. They can be planted when the soil temperature is stable at around 18 degrees, or they can be planted earlier. At the beginning of March, the soil should be ploughed to keep the potatoes in a cold environment and avoid high temperature growth.

Potato harvest time.

Different potato growing areas and planting times affect the harvest time of potatoes. In Northeast China, Gansu and other places, it is mostly sown in spring and April, and it can mature in autumn. In Hebei and Shandong, potatoes can usually be sown twice a year.

After sowing in February-March, it is usually possible to harvest in June-July.

Key points for planting potatoes with high yields.

1. Soil preparation and fertilization.

Potatoes are suitable for planting in loose, breathable, easy drainage and irrigation, rich in organic matter, flat, thick and fertile sandy loam soil. After the previous crop is harvested, the land is prepared, and the fertilizer is combined before planting.

2. Seed selection treatment.

Choose high-yielding detoxified potatoes with intact tubers, no frostbite, no pests and diseases, shallow bud eyes, and smooth skin as seed potatoes. 3 5 days before sowing, cut the seed potatoes into cubes, and each stupid piece has 1 2 strong sprout eyes. After the incision, place them in a well-ventilated area and wait for the incision to heal.

3. Carry out sowing.

Sowing can be done when the average temperature of the day is 15-25 or 10 cm above 103 days in the soil layer. When sowing, the planting density should be controlled. Under general planting conditions, there are about 6,000 potatoes per mu.

4. Moisture management.

After sowing, potatoes should be watered in time to keep the soil moist and ensure the emergence of seedlings. The budding stage, budding stage, and flowering period are critical periods, which can increase the number of watering times to ensure that the soil water source is sufficient. When stems and leaves stop growing, the need for water increases.

Take care to hydrate so that potatoes don't ripen late or have a reduced yield.

1. Northeast China, Gansu, Qinghai and other northwest regions, generally planted in spring (mid-to-late April to early May), harvested in autumn, usually only one season of potatoes can be planted a year, called the north and northwest one-season cropping area.

2. Shandong, Hebei, Henan, Shanxi, Jiangsu, Hunan, Hubei and other provinces and regions plant 2 seasons of potatoes a year. Among them, Shandong, Hebei and other Central Plains sown spring potatoes in months and harvested in June-July; Autumn potatoes are sown in August and harvested from the end of October to the beginning of November; Some provinces in central and southern China, such as Jiangsu and Zhejiang, sow spring potatoes in January and February, and harvest them in May and June; It is sown in September and harvested in December. These areas are called the Central Plains and Central and South Cropping Areas.

3. Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Yunnan, Guizhou and other places can use the gap between the autumn rice harvest to plant one season of potatoes. Generally, it is sown from mid to late October to November, and harvested from February to March of the following year. Because the growing season is mostly in winter, these areas are often referred to as the southern winter cropping areas.

The growth cycle of the potato.

The growth and development of potatoes is also cyclical, which can be roughly divided into four stages:

1. Mature tubers can be sown as seed potatoes after a period of dormancy, that is, the dormant stage;

2. After sowing, rely on its own nutrition to take root and sprout and grow seedlings, that is, the autotrophic stage;

3. After the emergence of seedlings, organic matter is produced through photosynthesis, and the root system is used to absorb water and inorganic elements to form a complete plant growth system until flowering reaches the maximum luxuriation of the plant, that is, the heterotrophic stage;

4. After flowering, the aboveground part stops growing, and the tuber expands rapidly, accumulating and raising the reed to maturity, that is, the tuber formation stage.