When did the Hu Han partition begin?

From the 10th century to the 12th century in ancient China, due to the meritocracy of the rulers, for the peaceful coexistence of the Hu and Han people, the famous Hu and Han partition system was implemented. After that, the Hu-Han partition system influenced the monarchs of one dynasty after another. So?

What is the significance of the division between Hu and Han?

The division of Hu and Han is actually a kind of division between ethnic groups, that is, the separation of different ethnic groups for management, which was originally the policy of the Han nationality used to rule those ethnic minorities in the border passes in ancient China, but in the special period of the Sixteen Kingdoms, it broke the tradition of the Han people ruling the country in the past, and a large number of ethnic minorities established their own political power in the Central Plains, so the partition system was used by the ethnic minorities on the Han people. For ethnic minorities, the Han people are slightly superior to the ethnic minorities in terms of culture, education, and tradition, and the people of the ethnic minorities are widely used in order to replace the Han people in their own power, especially the recognition and support of the indigenous people. It enabled the Han people to be ruled by the people of the ethnic minorities, provided the rulers of the ethnic minorities at that time with very good decision-making in governing the country, enabled the Hu and Han people to live together peacefully and reunified, and made the country develop better and faster.

In addition, the Hu-Han partition system allowed ethnic minorities to integrate into the lives of the Han people, accelerating the sinicization of ethnic minorities. Therefore, the significance of the division of Hu and Han is very significant, it is a very important decision in ancient Chinese politics, on the one hand, it accelerates the sinicization of ethnic minorities, promotes the great integration of ethnic groups, and enables the people of all ethnic groups to unite, on the other hand, it provides a very good policy for the rulers of various countries in the future. <>

The reason why the policy of Hu and Han partition has endured is because this policy has its advantages, that is, because the population of the Hu people ruling the ethnic group is too small, and the Han people are too large, so it is impossible for the Hu people to disperse the national army and population to monitor all the Han people, therefore, the implementation of this policy can make the ruler better and more convenient to manage the Hu and Han people, so that the two can live in peace, accelerate the development of the country, and also allow the cheap labor of the Han people to be better used by the Hu people. Why wouldn't the ruler be happy to allow the people of all ethnic groups in the country to live in peace and use the cheap labor of the Han people? However, the Hu-Han partition system also has its drawbacks, it has great unfairness, so that the Han people and the Hu people can not get along on an equal footing, the status of the Han people is too low, although they can get along peacefully, but because of the inequality, there are still great contradictions, so that the Hu and Han people have been grudging for a long time and can not be released, so that later caused the Hu people to frantically abuse the Han people and kill the Han people, and some even roasted and ate the Han people, and treated the Han people as animals at all.

In the end, the Han people rose up to fight back and killed a large number of Hu people. Although there are advantages and disadvantages to the division of Hu and Han, its historical status cannot be ignored. After all, the contradiction between the Hu and the Han people could not be solved by the Hu-Han partition system alone.

The Hu-Han Partition and the Government and the Military System refer to the relationship between the Hu-Han Partition and the Prefecture and the Military System, and the relationship between them is not direct, but indirect. The division of the Hu and Han nationalities was a policy implemented by the ethnic minorities at that time, and they had to keep a certain distance from the Han people. And the government military system was a system at that time.

It is precisely because of the implementation of this government military system that it is related to the division of Hu and Han. <>

The political organization and military command system of various ethnic groups began to be sinicized, and this process was basically divided into two steps. The first step is to subordinate the suzerainty to the monarchy and the clan power to the regime. Its main manifestation is to lower the status of Da Shan Yu to the emperor, and change it to the crown prince or the emperor's younger brother, and at this time Da Shan Yu is not only the leader of the ethnic minority, but also the consul of the country, in order to clarify its identity and scope of authority, often before and after the title of Da Dan Yu, plus the title of some Han consuls.

For example, Liu Yuan ordered his son Liu Cong to be the Great Sima, Da Shan Yu, and Lu Shang Shushi, and Liu Cong ordered his son Liu Cong to be the leader of the country, Da Shan Yu, etc. This kind of title itself shows that the two systems of Hu and Han have emerged to merge into one.

The second step is to simply cancel the title of Da Shan Yu and completely adopt the official system of the Han nationality. From the perspective of the military leadership system, almost all countries have set up governors of Chinese and foreign military forces, who are the highest military commanders under the emperor. In addition, there are also many generals of different grades to control the Chinese and foreign armies.

Such as the Great General, the General Qin Cavalry, the General Che Cai, the General Wei, the General of the Chinese Army, the General of the Fu Army, and the generals of Concave, Sizhen, Si'an, Siping, etc. However, many of these generals belong to official ranks rather than official positions, and the title of general only indicates the identity and rank of his officer, rather than the pretense of commanding the army. At that time, the generals who really had real duties in the unified army were generally sent by special order of the emperor, and the titles of supervising the military, supervising the army, and supervising the army were added to the official titles, as well as the titles of envoys, festivals, and false festivals.

The former indicates the scope of its authority, while the latter indicates the weight of its authority. Among them, the power of supervising the armies is the greatest, followed by the armies of the festival, and the second is the supervising army of the false festival. These are not much different from the system of the Wei and Jin dynasties.

Only the high-level generals of the military forces such as the governor of the Chinese and foreign armies, the central army of the early supervision, the forbidden army of the governor, and the military of the prefectures of the capital must generally be held by the royal children of their own nation, especially the royal family. There are also some regimes with a deep degree of sinicization, appointing Han officials to important military positions. For example, Qin Fujian once used the Han Wang Meng as the governor of the Chinese and foreign military, but this is a special case after all, and it is not an ordinary system.