Where were the terracotta warriors found and when were they excavated?

In the east kilometer of the Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang, there is an ordinary small village - Xiyang Village. In the south of Xiyang Village, it was originally a persimmon forest, where there were many tombs and rocks. In March 1974, more than a dozen villagers, including Yang Zhifa and Yang Peiyan, began a drought-fighting and well-digging project on top of this persimmon forest, which did not grow crops.

When they dug to a depth of 2 meters, they found red clods of clay; At a depth of 3 meters, the mutilated body of the terracotta figurines was found; At a depth of 4-5 meters, brick-paved floors, copper arrowheads, copper crossbow machines, and 8 broken terracotta figurines were found. This time, they stopped the work and immediately reported it to the local authorities. Zhao Kangmin, the first archaeological expert to enter the site, collected the lost cultural relics on the one hand, and carried out preliminary clean-up on the other.

At this time, Xinhua News Agency reporter Lin Anwen returned to his hometown Lintong to visit relatives, and he reported the news of the discovery of large terracotta figurines in the Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang in the "People's **" internal reference. When the leading comrades saw the report materials, they immediately instructed: "It is recommended that the Cultural Relics Bureau and the Shaanxi Provincial Party Committee discuss and take swift measures to properly protect this key cultural relic."

The State Administration of Cultural Relics immediately sent relevant experts to inspect the site. On July 15, 1974, the Provincial Bureau of Cultural Relics sent an archaeological team of Qin Warriors to the excavation site. Subsequently, teachers and students majoring in archaeology of Northwest University also came to support, and they cleaned up more than 500 terracotta figurines similar to real people and real horses in the 96 5 square meters of test excavation, 24 pottery horses, 6 wooden chariots and a large number of bronze weapons, chariots and horses.

Through test excavation and drilling, the total area of the No. 1 Terracotta Warriors and Horses Pit is 14,260 square meters, containing about 6,000 pieces of terracotta figurines and terracotta horses. In 1976, it was decided to build an exhibition hall on the site of the No. 1 Terracotta Warriors and Horses Pit. On April 23, 1976, when the infrastructure construction of the exhibition hall was underway, the No. 2 Terracotta Warriors and Horses Pit was discovered on the north side of the east end of the No. 1 Terracotta Warriors and Horses Pit.

Then, on May 11 of the same year, on the north side of the west end of the No. 1 Terracotta Warriors and Horses Pit, the No. 3 Terracotta Warriors and Horses Pit was discovered. At present, the three terracotta pits have all been opened to the public. When you visit the No. 2 Terracotta Warriors and Horses Pit, you can also see the scene of the excavation by archaeologists on the spot.

When you travel to Xi'an, you can see that the streets and alleys are full of terracotta warriors and horses. Discovered in 1971.

It was discovered by farmers in Xiyang Village, Lintong District, Shaanxi Province, when they were digging a well. In March 1974, farmers in Xiyang Village stumbled upon some fragments of terracotta figurines when digging wells, and after more than a year of exploration and test excavation by archaeologists, it was confirmed that it was a large figurine pit, which was the world-famous No. 1 terracotta warrior pit. In April and May 1976, on both sides of the No. 1 figurines pit, the No. 2 and No. 3 terracotta warriors and horses pits were discovered, and the size, shape, and unearthed utensils of each pit were different.

The Terracotta Warriors and Horses, also referred to as the Terracotta Warriors or Qin Warriors, the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units, the first batch of China's world heritage sites, is located in the terracotta warriors and horses pit thousands of kilometers east of the Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang in Lintong District, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province. Terracotta warriors and horses are a category of ancient tomb sculpture. In ancient times, human martyrdom was practiced, and slaves were accessories of slave owners during their lifetimes, and slaves should be used as burial objects for slave owners after the death of slave owners.

Terracotta warriors and horses are made into burial goods in the shape of terracotta horses (chariots, war horses, soldiers).

The Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shi Huang were discovered in Lintong District, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province. From 1974 to 1977, 1 km east of the Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang, the terracotta pit was excavated as one of the burial pits of the Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang. The No. 1 pit is in the south, with a length of 216 meters from east to west, a width of 62 meters, and an area of 13,260 square meters.

The discovery of Qingheng No. 1 pit originated in March 1974, when the terracotta warriors and horses came out, when farmers in Xiahe Village dug a well in the south of the village, and the wellhead happened to open in the southeast corner of No. 1 pit.

In mid-July 1974, an archaeological excavation team jointly composed of the Shaanxi Provincial Museum, the Wenguan Zhengzheng Zao Association, and the Lintong County Cultural Center was stationed at the Qin Warriors Pit construction site. With the continuous expansion of the scope of work, from 1976 to 1978, the archaeological team added personnel in archaeology, conservation, photography, and restoration. The excavation of the No. 1 pit was carried out in an all-round way, and more than 10 restoration teams carried out large-scale restoration of the terracotta warriors.

On the whole, the Terracotta Warriors and Horses are the military lineup of the Qin Dynasty, the largest of which is the No. 1 Terracotta Warriors and Horses Pit, which is 230 meters long from east to west and 62 meters wide from north to south.

The contours of the front and side facades formed by the entire military formation "are like the curvilinear movement of the back waves pushing the front waves." The moving curves are composed of countless still figures, forming an elevation that is still and changing". As the spirit depicted in Li Bai's poem: "The king of Qin swept the Liuhe, and looked at He Xiong!" ”