What are the structural types of drill chucks? What is the use of a drill chuck and what is the purp

The drill chuck is mainly divided into wrenches from the structure.

There are two main categories: type and hand tight type. Wrench drill chucks need to be tightened with a wrench, and are mainly used in the machine tool industry, such as bench drills and hand drills. The hand-tight drill chuck tightens the chuck by holding the front and rear sleeves, and is mainly used on hand drills.

Because the wrench drill chuck is tightened by a wrench, and the wrench is a bevel gear with an extended force arm, it can play a role in increasing the torque input in the process of tightening, so the clamping force of the chuck is large. Due to the advantages of simple structure, easy processing of parts, cheap and reliable performance, the wrench chuck has a wide range of uses.

1. Flat drill.

The cutting part of the flat drill is spade-shaped, the structure is simple, the manufacturing cost is low, and the cutting fluid is easily introduced into the hole, but the cutting and chip removal performance is poor. There are two types of flat drill structures: integral type and prefabricated type. The monolithic type is mainly used for drilling microholes with a diameter of millimeters.

The prefabricated flat drill inserts are replaceable and can be cooled internally and are mainly used for drilling large holes with a diameter of 25 500 mm.

2. Twist drill.

Twist drill is the most widely used tool for hole making. Usually the diameter ranges in millimeters. It is mainly composed of the working part of the drill bit and the shank.

The working part has two spiral-shaped grooves, which resemble twisted flowers, hence the name. In order to reduce the friction between the guide part and the hole wall during drilling, the twist drill gradually decreases from the drill tip to the shank, and the diameter is inverted cone.

The helix angle of the twist drill mainly affects the size of the rake angle on the cutting edge, the strength of the blade flap and the chip evacuation performance, which is usually 25° 32°. Spiral grooves can be machined by milling, grinding, hot rolling or hot extrusion, and the front end of the drill bit is sharpened to form a cutting part.

The top angle of the cutting part of the standard twist drill is 118, the bevel angle of the cross edge is 40° 60°, and the rear angle is 8° 20°. Due to structural reasons, the rake angle is large at the outer edge and gradually decreases to the middle, and the rake angle is negative at the transverse edge (up to about -55°), which plays a squeezing role when drilling.

3. Countersinking. The countersink has more cutter teeth, and the hole end is machined into the desired shape by the forming method, which is used to process the counterbore of various countersunk screws, or to flatten the outer end face of the hole.

4. Hollow drill.

In the middle of the drill pipe is a hollow drill bit, which is mainly used for coring the drill object.

5. Center drilling.

The center drill is used for drilling the center hole of the shaft workpiece, which is essentially composed of a twist drill and a countersink with a small helix angle, so it is also called a composite center drill.

6. Deep hole drilling.

Deep hole drilling usually refers to a tool that makes a hole with a ratio of hole depth to hole diameter greater than 6. Commonly used are gun drilling, BTA deep hole drilling, spray drilling, DF deep hole drilling, etc. Nesting drills are also commonly used for deep hole machining.

7. Reaming drill.

The reamer has 3 or 4 teeth, which is more rigid than the twist drill, and is used to enlarge the existing hole and improve the machining accuracy and finish.

1.The drill chuck is fixed to the hand drill or bench drill, and the drill bit can be clamped by the state.

2.The drill chuck is one of the common accessories in the power tool industry, and it is also commonly used in the machine tool industry.

3.The drill chuck is connected with the drilling tool and is used to clamp the drill tool shank tool.

4.It is a kind of accessory that is widely used in machine tools, electric and other fields, and the use and operation of drilling tools are inseparable from it.

5.Typically, a general drill chuck consists of a drill collet, a connecting block, a back cover, and an elastic dial.

Drill bit classification:

Center drill bits, twist drill bits, superhard drill bits, oil hole drill bits, drill bit reamers.

Taper drill bits, cylindrical drill bits, conical hole drill bits, triangular drill bits.

Drill bit use:

1. Center drill bit: generally used to hit the center point before drilling, and the front end cone has °, etc.

2. Twist drill bit: the most widely used drill bit in industrial manufacturing.

3. Superhard drill bit: the front end of the drill body or all of it is made of cemented carbide tool material, which is used for drilling of the processing material.

4. Oil hole drill bit: There are two small holes in the drill body, and the cutting agent reaches the cutting edge part through this small hole to take away the heat and chips.

5. Deep hole drill bit: It was first used for the drilling processing of gun barrel and stone clad pipe, also known as gun barrel drill bit. The deep hole drill is a straight groove type that cuts off a quarter of the more than a quarter of the round pipe to create cutting edge chip evacuation.

6. Drill bit reamer: the front end is the drill bit, and the back end is the reaper. The diameter of the drill bit and the diameter of the reamer are only the margin of the reaming, and there are also drill bits mixed with screw tapping, so they are also called hybrid drill bits.

7. Taper drill bit: Taper drill bit can be used when processing the mold feed port.

8. Cylindrical drill bit: We call it a countersunk milling cutter, and the part with a smaller diameter at the front end of this drill bit is called a track rod.

9. Conical hole drill bit: for drilling conical holes, the angle of the front end is °, etc. The chamfering cutter we use is one of the types of conical hole drill bits.

10. Triangular drill bit: a kind of electric drill.

The drill bit used has a triangular shank.

The face allows the chuck to hold the drill bit securely.

The type of drilling machine fixture and its structure.

This kind of fixture is mainly used to ensure the position accuracy of the hole to be processed, and there are many kinds of drilling machine fixtures, according to the distribution of the processed hole and the characteristics of the drilling template, it is generally divided into several types such as fixed, indexing, flipping, cover plate and sliding column.

A jig is a workholding device designed to guide the cutting tool and support, position and support the workpiece during the workpiece cutting process. There are two types of fixtures: drilling fixtures and boring fixtures.

Among them, drilling fixtures are currently the most common. Drilling fixtures are generally used for drilling, opening, and reaming, but can also be used for drilling and embedding, reaming, chamfering, and countersinking. Boring fixtures are generally used when it is necessary to bore holes to precise and pre-set dimensions.

The basic design of these two fixtures is actually the same. The only major difference is that boring fixtures are typically equipped with a guide bushing or guide shaft that is used to support the outer end of the boring bar during mechanical operation.

There are many details that need to be taken into account when designing any kind of fixture. Although some of these details, such as positioning, supporting, and clamping, have already been covered earlier, they still need to be mentioned in this section because they play a big role in the design of the fixture. Since each type of fixture has a similar structure, the design points of one fixture are generally applicable to the other.

The design and selection of fixtures begins with an analysis of the workpiece and its manufacturing process.