Whoever has been to Mars, no one has ever been to Mars

Mars 1. In 1962, the Soviet Union's Mars 1 probe failed to fly by Mars.

Mariner 4 In 1965, the American Mariner 4 interplanetary probe flew by Mars and took 21 photos**.

Mariner 9 In 1972, the U.S. Mariner 9 probe flew along the orbit of Mars and sent back 7,329 shots**.

Corsair No. 1. In 1976, the American Viking 1 and 2 probes landed on Mars and sent back more than 50,000**.

Fopos 1.

In 1989, the Soviet Union's Fobos 1 and 2 probes disappeared on their way to Mars.

Mars Observer.

In 1993, the American Mars Observer disappeared just before it was scheduled to reach orbit around Mars.

Mars In 961996, the Russian "Mars 96" spacecraft failed to launch.

Mars Globetrotter Explorer.

In 1996, the Mars Globetrotter was launched, and in 1997 it entered orbit around Mars.

Martian Pathfinder.

In 1997, the American Mars Pathfinder probe landed on Mars.

Mars Polar Lander Probe.

In 1999, the United States launched the Mars Polar Lander probe.

Mars Express On June 2, 2003, the European Space Agency (ESA) launched the Mars Express probe.

Retriever 2 The European Space Agency's Retriever 2 lost contact with the ground after landing on the surface of Mars on December 25 last year.

People haven't been there, but the flying machines made by people have been there many times.

Human exploration of Mars:

China's first Mars exploration mission was officially approved in 2016, and it is planned to orbit, land and patrol Mars through a single mission, carry out global and comprehensive orbiting exploration of Mars, and carry out regional patrol exploration on the surface of Mars. The Tianwen-1 probe consists of an orbiter and a landing rover, including the Zhurong rover and the entry module.

On February 24, 2021, the Tianwen-1 probe successfully implemented the third near-fire braking, and after entering the Mars parking orbit with a period of 2 Martian days, it carried out global remote sensing exploration of Mars, and conducted a detailed investigation of the pre-selected landing area, and detected and analyzed the terrain and landform, sand and dust weather, etc., to prepare for the landing on Mars.

During the implementation of the mission, the China National Space Administration (CNSA) has carried out relevant project cooperation with ESA, international space organizations such as ESA, Argentina, France, Austria and other national space agencies. At present, the probe has been in space for 295 days, about 100 million kilometers from the Earth.

Mars exploration is risky and difficult, and the exploration mission faces challenges such as the interplanetary space environment, the thin atmosphere of Mars, and the terrain and landform of the fire surface, and at the same time, due to the influence of long-distance and long-term delay, there are difficulties in the landing stage, such as uncertain environment, complex landing procedures, and inability to intervene on the ground.

The Tianwen-1 mission has made breakthroughs in key technologies such as the launch of the second cosmic velocity, interplanetary flight, TT&C communication, and soft landing of extraterrestrial planets, and achieved China's first extraterrestrial planet landing, which is another milestone of great significance in the development of China's aerospace industry.

Dear, no one has ever been on Mars. Mars (Mars) is one of the eight planets in the solar system, the fourth planet in the solar system from the inside to the outside, belonging to terrestrial planets, with a diameter of about 53% of the Earth and a mass of 11% of the Earth. The inclination angle of the axis of rotation and the rotation period are similar to those of the earth, and one revolution is about twice the time of the earth's revolution.

The orange-red exterior is hematite (iron oxide) on the surface. In ancient Chinese books, Mars is called the Luminous Star, and in ancient Western times (ancient Rome) it is called the Mars Star, the god of war. Mars is basically a desert planet, with sand dunes, gravel and no stable bodies of liquid water (NASA announced on September 28, 2015 that there is a small amount of water on Mars).

The atmosphere, dominated by carbon dioxide, is thin and cold, with sand and dust suspended in it, and dust storms occur frequently every year. Mars has a polar crown of water ice and dry ice at both poles, which waxes and wanes with the seasons.

Why explore Mars?

1. Mars is the closest planet to Earth and has the most similar environment.

2. The study of Mars is of great comparative significance for understanding the evolution of the Earth.

3. Whether there are conditions for life on Mars, and whether Mars is the past or the future of the Earth, are among the major scientific issues in Mars research.

In what ways is Mars similar to Earth?

Temperature – Of the eight planets in the solar system, Mars is the closest to Earth. The Earth's surface temperature is a minimum of minus Celsius and a maximum of Celsius. The temperature of Mars is -133--27 degrees Celsius.

Four Seasons – Similar to Earth, there are four seasons on Mars. If you live on Mars, the time is about the same as that of Earth, and the day on Mars is 24 hours, 39 minutes and 35 seconds.

Landform – This "desert planet" is also home to plateaus, plains, canyons, and ring volcanoes, as well as ice caps in the north and south poles.

Atmosphere - The density of the atmosphere of Mars is only 1% of that of the Earth, which is about the same as the density of the atmosphere at an altitude of 33 kilometers on the Earth, which is extremely thin and composed mainly of carbon dioxide.

Mars also has a lot of differences from Earth. For example, the gravity on the surface of Mars is about the surface of the Earth, and the magnetic field strength is only 1% of that of the Earth.

But what attracts humanity most about Mars is the clear evidence of the existence of water found here. The presence of water represents the possibility of life.

According to the detection results of existing spacecraft, we can clearly know that Mars has traces of flowing water landforms such as coastline remains, river traces, lake alluvial fans, etc., which indicate that Mars has had large-scale liquid water in history. Scientific research has also shown that most of the northern hemisphere of Mars is oceanic, and most of the southern hemisphere is land, which is the opposite of Earth.

What exactly does the Mars rover want to explore?

Take photos - see what Mars looks like, and send back your own images of Mars.

Measure matter, measure elements – what substances are on the surface of Mars, and what are the components of these substances.

Measuring the environment - detecting the magnetic field environment, ions and neutral particles, high-energy ions, etc. of Mars, and the probe carries the largest number of such instruments.

Look at the interior of Mars - what is the layered structure of the Martian underground, whether there is water ice, etc.

Look at the weather on Mars - how the temperature changes on Mars, you can measure the wind, temperature, air pressure, and listen to the sounds on Mars.