Illustrate what a system is, for example, a person is a system

I think the operating system is like a country's **, and a bare metal is like the Proterozoic era without any culture and laws. On the operating system, we need to use many APIs of the system when writing programs, and we must also comply with the rules of the system, such as writing data from a hard disk, we must use the system API. This simplifies the complexity of the technology and reduces the amount of technology, but it also restricts a lot, such as the hard disk boot area, which we can't modify at all.

If we look at those of us who live in society, it is very easy for us to go anywhere, for example, we can take a plane to a farther place, and we can take a train to a closer place. Among them, planes and trains are provided uniformly. We also have a lot of restrictions, such as having to have a passport to go abroad, and many other restrictions.

And if we are in the Proterozoic era, we can go anywhere as long as we have the ability, there are no restrictions, but we need to make our own transportation. It's a lot like a bare metal without a system installed, we can do anything without restrictions, such as using the IO port, we can also make a partition table according to our own needs, and many other things that can't be done in the operating system.

Purpose. Defining a system, composing a system, or abstracting a system all have clear goals or objectives, and the purpose determines the function of the system.

2. Integrity. The system is a whole, and the elements are arranged in an orderly manner to form a system in order to achieve a certain purpose, according to certain principles, so as to produce the specific functions of the system.

3. Hierarchical. A system is made up of multiple elements, and systems and elements are relative concepts. An element is relative to the system in which it is located, and the system is viewed from the point of view of the elements it contains, and if the perspective of the research problem changes, the system becomes a higher element, also known as a subphyletic system.

4. Stability. The stability of the system means: the internal structure and order of the system should be predictable due to the constraints of the rules; The state and evolution path of the system are limited and can be **; The consequences of the functioning of the system are also predictable.

A stable system allows the system to maintain its internal structure and order while being subjected to external influences.

5. Abruptness. Abruptness refers to a drastic process of change in the system from one state to another through instability, and it is a form of qualitative change of the system.

6. Self-organization. Under the influence of internal and external factors in the system, the open system is spontaneously organized, so that the system changes from disorder to order, from low-level order to high-level order.

7. Similarity. The system has the properties of isomorphism and homomorphism, which is reflected in the commonality of system structure, mode of existence and evolution process. The fundamental reason for the similarity of the system lies in the material unity of the world.

8. Relevance. Elements are divisible and interconnected, and the elements that make up the system must have clear boundaries that can be distinguished from other elements. In addition, the elements are interconnected, not as the general connection is mentioned in philosophical studies, but a real and concrete connection.

9. Environmental adaptability. The system is always in a certain environment and interacts with the environment. There is always a certain exchange of matter and energy between the system and the environment.

From the perspective of systems theory, the basic characteristics of a system do not include dynamics.

The system consists of 6 major features:

1) Integrity:

The integrity of the system is manifested in the fact that the system is composed of two or more elements that are distinct from each other, arranged in an orderly manner and for a certain purpose, and the efficacy of the system is greater than the sum of the efficacy of each element.

The relevance of the system means that the elements and components of the system are interconnected and interacting.

3. Hierarchical.

A complex system is hierarchical, and for a system it is composed of a number of subsystems, but at the same time it has to participate in the composition of a larger system as a subsystem.

4) Dynamic Equilibrium:

The system is constantly moving, developing, and changing to maintain dynamic equilibrium, and to provide dynamic equilibrium through feedback.

5) Purposefulness:

The activities of the system eventually tend to be orderly and stable, because the orderly direction is precisely the goal of the system. Any system has a clear overall goal, and the subsystems work together to accomplish the overall goal of the larger system.

6) Environmental adaptability:

All open systems always exist and develop in a certain environment, and the system and its subsystems constantly communicate with the environment in terms of matter, energy and information.

The principle of the system:

First, the principle of system integrity.

The principle of system integrity refers to the fact that the system is an organic whole composed of several elements (the elements themselves also have a certain structure and function) with certain new functions, and this organic whole has the properties and functions that all the subsystems of the original Buda do not have.

Second, the principle of system hierarchy.

The hierarchical principle of the system refers to the hierarchical order of the system organization in terms of status and function, structure and function due to the differences in the elements that make up the system, including the differences in the way of combination, and forms a system hierarchy with qualitative differences.

Third, the principle of system openness.

The principle of system openness refers to the fact that the system has the nature and function of constantly exchanging matter, energy and information with the external environment, and the opening of the system to the environment is the premise for the upward development of the system and the condition for the stable existence of the system.

Fourth, the principle of system purpose.

The purposiveness of the system refers to the fact that the development and change of the organizational system within a certain range in the interaction with the environment are not affected by changes in conditions or pathways, and insist on showing a certain tendency to a predetermined state.

Answer]: A computer system is composed of two parts: hardware and software, hardware is the physical entity that makes up the computer system, and soft dismantling refers to the collection of all programs written for the operation, maintenance, management and application of the computer. Item C is the five basic components of a computer, including combinators, controllers, memory, input devices, and output devices; Item d is an integral part of the software system.

Answers]: a, c, d, e

A system refers to an organic whole composed of several distinct and interdependent elements, in a certain environmental condition, with a specific structure and function. There are four basic characteristics of any system: wholeness; Mingsun purposefulness; Compatibility; Environmental adaptability.

What should a good system look like? Before this question, let's imagine that when we use a mobile phone and operate a software, how do we judge whether the mobile phone or this software is easy to use, and my answer is to see if it is smooth enough and simple enough to operate.

This reminds me of Ma Yun saying in his early years that he was a technically illiterate and didn't even understand the basic operation of the computer, let alone surfing the Internet, but when developing Alibaba, he became the final gatekeeper, whenever a new feature was developed, he always had to let him operate it, if even he could operate it, it means that the product is available, and this is a good system.

A good operating system must be easy to learn, if the learning cost is too high, users will leave without looking back, the reason why Douyin will make people can't stop, on the one hand, the content is good enough, and on the other hand, it cannot be ignored when brushing Douyin, you only need to go to the rock to be smooth, Douyin has changed the array layout of other ** platforms, you no longer have to click on one by one**, Douyin relies on a strong, coarse and sensitive algorithm to tell you, you don't need to take the number to make another choice, just slide up gently.

A good operating system should be like a car, an ordinary car has about more than 10,000 parts, and we only need to be able to operate the clutch, throttle, and shift gears, it used to be a manual transmission, now more and more people choose automatic transmission, before listening to audio need to be manually adjusted, now many cars have added intelligent voice assistants, Internet of vehicles, cruise control has slowly become the standard, 5G era autonomous driving is no longer far away, the system behind a car is becoming more and more complex, but the operation is getting simpler and simplerThis is the complex operation, the simple presentation. Move complex operations to the back office and make the front office simpler and simpler.

A real cow person is not necessarily a boastful person, a person who can explain the essence of things in a sentence is a real cattle person, he must have a complex operating system behind him, or how can we always say that this kind of person is "not simple"?

Including: the hardware system and software system of the computer.

A hardware system is the core of a computer system, the actual physical device for information processing, including the processor.

Memory, input/output control systems, and various external devices. The interface interface between the person and the hardware system is the software system, which mainly includes system software, support software and application software.

**The processor is the main component of high-speed computing and processing of information, and its processing speed can reach more than hundreds of millions of operations per second. Storage is used to store programs, data, and files. Various input and output external devices are information converters between man and machine.

The operating system is the management and control of various software and hardware resources, and the application software is a special program written by the user according to his needs.