There are several generations of computers from the past to the present

There are four generations of computers.

1. The first generation: tube digital machine (1946-1958) 2, the second generation: transistor digital machine (1958-1964) 3, the third generation:

Integrated circuit digital machine (1964-1970) 4, the fourth generation: large-scale integrated circuit machine (1970 to present) 4, computer commonly known as computer, is a modern electronic computer used for high-speed calculation, can carry out numerical calculation, but also can carry out logical calculation, but also has the function of storage memory. It is a modern intelligent electronic device that can operate according to the program and process massive amounts of data automatically and at high speed.

5. A computer composed of a hardware system and a software system without any software installed is called bare metal. It can be divided into five categories: supercomputers, industrial control computers, network computers, personal computers, and embedded computers, and the more advanced computers include biological computers, photonic computers, quantum computers, etc.

A flute of autumn wind leads to a short one. Looking for the fairy trail in the depths of the white clouds.

According to the system version,When it develops to win78,If you don't count the failure generation,It's already 7 generations,If you count,It's 8 generations。

Tube era.

Transistor era.

Integrated Circuit Times.

The era of LSIs.

Five stages of computer development.

1.The first generation of computers: tube digital computers (1946-1958).

In terms of hardware, the logic element adopts a vacuum tube, and the main memory adopts a mercury delay line, a cathode ray oscilloscope, an electrostatic memory, a magnetic drum, and a magnetic core. The external memory is tape. In terms of software, machine language and assembly language are used. The fields of application are mainly military and scientific computing.

It is characterized by large size, high power consumption and poor reliability. Slow (typically thousands to tens of thousands of operations per second), expensive, but laid the foundation for future computer development.

2.The second generation of computers: transistor digital computers (1958-1964).

In terms of hardware, transistors are used for logic elements, magnetic cores are used for main memory, and disks are used for external memory. In terms of software, there are batch processing mainly operating systems, high-level languages and their compilers. The application fields are mainly scientific computing and transaction processing, and it has begun to enter the field of industrial control.

It is characterized by smaller size, reduced energy consumption, improved reliability, increased computing speed (generally 100,000 times per second, up to 3 million times), and a significant improvement in performance compared to the first generation computer.

3.The third generation of computers: integrated circuit digital computers (1964-1970).

In terms of hardware, the logic components are medium- and small-scale integrated circuits (MSI, SSI), and the main memory is still using magnetic cores. On the software side, time-sharing operating systems and structured, scaled programming methods have emerged. It is characterized by faster speeds (typically millions to tens of millions of operations per second), and reliability has improved significantly, ** further declined, and products have moved towards generalization, serialization, and standardization.

The application field began to enter the field of word processing and graphic image processing.

4.4th generation computers: LSI computers (1970-present).

In terms of hardware, the logic components are large-scale and ultra-large-scale integrated circuits (LSI and VLSI). In terms of software, database management systems, network management systems, and object-oriented languages have emerged. It is characterized by the birth of the world's first microprocessor in Silicon Valley in 1971, ushering in a new era of microcomputers.

The application field has gradually moved from scientific computing, transaction management, and process control to the home.

5.5th Generation Computers: Artificial Intelligence Computers.

The 5th generation computer is a kind of artificial intelligence computer that is closer to a human in the pursuit of humans. It understands human language, as well as words and graphics. People don't need to write programs, they can give commands to a computer by talking and drive it to work.

The new generation of computers is an intelligent computer system that combines information collection, storage, processing, communication and artificial intelligence. It can not only carry out general information processing, but also oriented to knowledge processing, with the ability of formal reasoning, association, learning and interpretation, which will help human beings to explore unknown areas and obtain new knowledge.