What is the high cost of logistics in China, and what are the logistics costs?

Logistics costs include transportation costs, warehousing costs, circulation processing costs, packaging costs, loading and unloading and handling costs, logistics informationManagement fees

The logistics cost includes all the costs of warehousing, handling, loading and unloading, packaging, transportation and acceptance, classification, warehousing, storage, distribution, and waste products in the field of consumption.

Specifically, the logistics cost is composed of the following parts: material consumption in logistics activities, mainly including electricity, fuel, packaging consumables, and fixed assets.

loss of the world, etc.; Reasonable wear and tear of materials in logistics activities; The labor cost of the enterprise to carry out logistics activities, including employee wages, bonuses, allowances and welfare expenses.

Other expenses incurred in logistics activities, including office and travel expenses related to logistics activities; The capital cost used to ensure the smooth operation of the logistics system.

Including interest, handling fees, etc.; Study the cost of designing, rebuilding and optimizing the logistics process.

Ways to reduce logistics costs:

simplifying the transport system and reducing intermediate links; Choose the best means of transportation and choose a reasonable mode of transportation. Carry out stowage transportation, stowage transportation fully considers the weight and volume factors, realizes the maximum weight of the goods loaded by the means of transport, the maximum utilization of space, and improves the actual load rate of the means of transport.

Logistics cost refers to the monetary performance of physical labor and living labor consumed in logistics activities. Specifically, it is the sum of manpower, material and financial resources spent in various activities such as packaging, handling, handling, transportation, storage, circulation and processing in the process of physical movement of products.

The calculation criteria for logistics costs include: logistics scope, logistics functional scope, and accounting account scope.

Factors influencing logistics costs.

Macro factors include:

1. Competitive factors. The main thing is to improve logistics services and increase costs. Such as shortening the order cycle, reducing the cost of stockouts, improving inventory levels, fast transportation, etc.

2. Product factors. Such as the value of the product, density, vulnerability, special handling, etc.

3. Spatial factors. The location of factories and warehouses relative to the target market.

Specific factors include:

1. Selection of purchase direction; 2. Inventory level; 3. Custody system; 4. Selection of means of transportation;

5. Product rejection rate; 6. The size of the management expenses; 7. Capital utilization rate, etc.

The way for enterprises to reduce logistics costs:

Including: reasonable design and planning of logistics system facilities; Reasonable inventory; balanced production; Systematic standardization of logistics operations; Strengthen logistics management by means of informatization; strengthen logistics quality management; Increase the speed of logistics, accelerate the turnover of goods, and more.

1. Site rent, 2. Personnel and employees, 3. Investment in transportation tools, 4. Transportation distance and fuel costs, 5. Fines, 6. Monthly costs for updating monitoring equipment.

Specifically, (explicit costs: warehouse rent, transportation costs, packaging costs, loading and unloading costs, processing costs, order clearance costs, personnel salaries, management costs, office expenses, taxes payable, equipment depreciation costs, facility depreciation costs, logistics software costs, etc.)

Hidden costs: inventory capital occupation costs, inventory backlog price reduction processing, inventory sluggish product costs, return no-load costs, product damage costs, return loss costs, out-of-stock loss costs, off-site transfer costs, equipment equipment and fuel idle costs, etc.

1.The cost of logistics ranges from 1-60% of the value of the goods.

2.The cost of logistics is related to the distance of logistics and the way of choosing logistics. The more remote the loading and unloading city, the higher the logistics cost, and the fastest and highest air freight speed.

Automobile transportation is the most flexible, the speed and ** are medium, and it is the main mode of transportation. Sea freight and rail requirements are bulky and relatively slow. **Cheapest.

The early investment in pipeline transportation is large, generally for the first input such as tap water, natural gas, oil, etc.

3.The proportion is also related to the value of the goods themselves, and some freight costs are more valuable than the goods compared to some waste items.

From the small micro truck to the 13 meter semi-trailer of various models, meters, meters

Low profits! Liu Qiangdong told you that because China's logistics costs are too high.

1. Tax costs.

Whether it is VAT or income tax, the tax rate is not low, and the simultaneous collection of both can imagine the pressure on enterprises. The current situation of corporate tax burden is that both turnover tax and income tax are high. The turnover tax is a "stuck neck" tax, and as long as the enterprise has sales behavior, whether it is a loss or a profit, it must pay tax.

The logic of income tax is relatively reasonable, but the problem of double taxation needs to be solved. 25% of the corporate income tax on a profit, 20% of the personal income tax on dividends, and the two income taxes should account for 40% of the profit (before tax).

Whether this tax burden is high or not can be compared horizontally with other countries, and second, it can be compared vertically with the historical tax burden of enterprises, and it may be more convincing to use two sets of data to speak. The tax reform probably has the original intention of light taxes and thin taxes, and how to make enterprises have a sense of gain from reducing the tax burden is the pain point of tax reform.

Second, labor costs.

In addition to paying wages, enterprises must also purchase five insurances and one housing fund for them. In addition, if the employee is dismissed, compensation will be paid. Taking five insurances and one housing fund as an example, the cost of this is as high as more than 40% of the salary.

For example, if the monthly salary is $10,000, the employee will only receive $7, while the company will have to pay $14,410.

In addition, the problem of labor shortage is gradually becoming apparent. There is a phenomenon that you can pay attention to, that is, middle-aged women over the age of 40 are gradually becoming the main force of waiters in the fast food industry, and most of them used to be young people around 20 years old. The demographic dividend is slowly disappearing, and this trend will make employment more rational and release more value, which also increases the overall labor cost of enterprises.

3. Ground rent and rent costs.

Land and rent are becoming more and more expensive, on the one hand, the ground rent and rent of enterprises are **, which directly increases the cost pressure; On the other hand, the cost of living of the sedan chair workers continues to rise, which indirectly increases the labor cost. Capital needs to live in the grass, and enterprises need to constantly seek the most suitable place for development.

As land and rents become more expensive, many labor-intensive companies have moved their factories back to second- and third-tier cities with abundant human resources and lower costs, leaving only their R&D and sales departments in first-tier cities.

Fourth, logistics costs.

For some time, "high logistics costs for enterprises" has been a hot topic. There are logistics costs for enterprise procurement, logistics costs for product delivery, and logistics costs for product sales. Logistics costs can even determine the "life and death" of enterprises, just look at some unsalable agricultural products.

Whether it is rail transportation or road transportation, enterprises feel that logistics costs are a heavy burden.