Why do auroras appear at the poles of the Earth

We already know that the aurora is caused by charged particles in the thin atmosphere at high altitude, and the light emitted by various gases under the action of the charged particle flow, why is that? The reason is that the Earth resembles a giant magnet, and its magnetic poles are near the north and south poles. The compass as we are familiar with it is affected by the geomagnetic field.

Our country is in the northern hemisphere, so in our country you can only see the Northern Lights.

Among the forms of energy created by the sun, such as light and heat, there is one type of energy known as the "solar wind". The solar wind is the charged particles ejected by the sun, a powerful stream of charged subatomic particles that can cover the earth. The solar wind flows around the Earth above the Earth, hitting the Earth's magnetic field at a speed of about 400 kilometers per second.

The Earth's magnetic field is shaped like a funnel, with the tip facing the north and south poles of the Earth, so the charged particles emitted by the Sun settle along the "funnel" of the Earth's magnetic field and enter the polar regions of the Earth. The upper atmosphere of the poles glows when bombarded by the solar wind, forming auroras.

When the atoms absorb part of the energy contained in the solar particles, they immediately release this energy to produce extremely strong light, which emits green and red light, and nitrogen emits violet, blue and some crimson light.

Auroras often occur in the atmosphere at latitudes close to the geomagnetic poles. Generally, it is ribbon-shaped, arc-shaped, curtain-shaped, and radial, and these shapes are sometimes stable and sometimes change continuously. Auroras are produced by the excitation or ionization of molecules or atoms in the upper atmosphere by a stream of charged energetic particles "up to 10,000 electron volts" from the sun's active region.

Due to the geomagnetic field, these energetic particles are turned to the polar regions, so auroras are commonly found in high magnetic latitudes. Auroras often occur in the range of about 25°-30° from the magnetic pole, and this area is called the aurora zone. The region between 45° and 60° of geomagnetic latitude is called the weak aurora region, and the area of the geomagnetic latitude below 45° is called the micro aurora region.

The height of the lower boundary of the aurora is less than 100 kilometers above the ground, the height of the maximum luminous point is about 110 kilometers, and the normal maximum boundary is about 300 kilometers, and in extreme cases it can reach more than 1,000 kilometers. According to recent studies on the distribution of auroras, the shape of the auroral region is more ovoid than a ring centered on the geomagnetic pole. The spectral line range of the aurora is about 3100-6700 angstroms, and the most important spectral line is the oxygen atom green line of 5577 angstroms, which is called the aurora green line.

Auroras are received due to a stream of charged particlesEarth's magnetic fieldA phenomenon that occurs when it is captured and rubbed against the atmosphere. The Earth's magnetic field is strongest at the poles (the n-pole is near the south pole and the s-pole is near the north pole), so it is easier to see the aurora near the poles.

The earth is like a huge blockMagnets, while its magnetic poles are near the north and south poles. familiarCompassBecause of the acceptanceGeomagnetic fieldThe influence always refers to the north-south direction, and the flow of charged particles from the sun is also affected by the geomagnetic field, and approaches the north and south poles of the geomagnetic field in a spiral motion. So the aurora appears in the sky near the north and south poles.

The spectral line range of the aurora is about 3100 6700 angstroms, of which the most important spectral line is the oxygen atom of 5577 angstroms.

The green line, known as the Aurora Green Line. Most auroras occur 90-130 kilometers above the Earth. In 1959, the Northern Lights.

The measured altitude is 160 km, and the width is more than 4800 km. But some aurora lights are much higher, reaching heights of more than 560-1000 kilometers.

The aurora that people see is mainly caused by electrons in the stream of charged particles. Moreover, the color and intensity of the aurora also depend on the energy and number of sedimenting particles. To use a figurative metaphor, it can be said that the aurora activity is like a live television screen of magnetospheric activity.

The deposition particles are the electron beam of the television, the Earth's atmosphere is the television screen, and the Earth's magnetic field is the electron beam-directed magnetic field. Scientists get a lot of information about the magnetosphere and electromagnetic activity in solar-terrestrial space from this large natural television.

Through polar spectroscopic analysis, we can understand the sedimentation particle beam**, the type of particles, the magnitude of energy, the structure of the Earth's magnetic tail, the interaction between the Earth's magnetic field and the planetary magnetic field, and the mode and degree of the impact of solar disturbance on the Earth.

The aurora is beautiful, but it is in the Earth's atmosphere.

The energy invested in the world can be compared to the power generated by power plants around the world.

compared to the sum of the sums. This energy often disrupts radio and radar signals. The strong current generated by the aurora can also be concentrated in the long-distance ** line or affect the propagation of microwaves, so that the current in the circuit is partially or completely "lost", and even the power transmission line is seriously disturbed, so that some areas temporarily lose power**.

How to harness the energy generated by the aurora for the benefit of mankind is an important mission of the scientific community.

It is produced due to the solar wind entering the Earth's magnetic field. The reason why it appears at the poles of the earth is because of the natural occurrence of the geographical environment. So it will appear at the north and south poles of the earth.

Auroras are a phenomenon created by a stream of charged particles subjected to the friction of a magnetic field against the atmosphere. This is because the magnetic field at both ends of the earth is very strong.

Aurora is an ionic phenomenon formed by the excitation of the Earth's magnetic field and the Sun's stream of high-energy charged particles. Because the poles of the earth are places with a high concentration of magnetic fields, auroras appear on both sides of the earth.

It is produced because it is affected by the magnetic field, because the poles of the earth can reach the temperature it needs, and it can also be subjected to a strong magnetic field, which will not be generated elsewhere.