What is the national costume of the Han people? What are the national costumes of the Han people?

Hanfu. Hanfu, also known as Hanfu and Huafu, is a series of Chinese national costumes worn by the Chinese people from the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties to modern times. In ancient times, when the concept of nation and state was not clear, it was generally used as a word opposite to "Hufu" in the surrounding areas of Chinese civilization.

Today's supporters of the Hanfu movement believe that Hanfu is a clothing system with national characteristics formed by the Han people (and the Huaxia people, the predecessor of the Han nationality) based on national culture and in the process of natural cultural development and ethnic integration before the Three Emperors and Five Emperors of ancient China to the end of the Ming Dynasty (mid-17th century). In other words, the word will mean differently to different people at the moment. In terms of clothing system, Hanfu is based on the clothing worn by the Han (pre-Qin period, Huaxia) people, and on this basis, it has naturally developed and evolved to form a series of clothing with a unique style.

In the early days, Hanfu was characterized by a handover collar and a right hand, which was tied with a rope belt due to technical reasons. However, in the late Ming Dynasty, a large number of buttons began to be used. Hanfu proponents believe that the placket clothing of the Ming Dynasty is an unfinished Hanfu, and most of them are regular clothing styles.

Ming dresses such as crowns, leather clothes, Zhai clothes, etc., are all handed over to the right side of the collar, which conforms to the basic characteristics of Hanfu. However, opponents point out that a large number of buttons were used in the late Ming Dynasty, and there is no doubt about the popularity of buttons in a large number of existing documents of the late Wanli period (such as the collection of the Dingling Museum, the figures in the Ming Dynasty murals of Zhaohua Temple in Hebei, etc.). Wanli Xiaoduan Empress and Empress Xiaojing in the tomb of no collar clothes, sprinkled thread embroidered golden dragon Baizi clothes and the Qing Dynasty ** is relatively close, a large number of existing Wanli late literature ** data (such as the Dingling Museum collection, Hebei Zhaohua Temple Ming Dynasty murals in the market figures, etc.) The popularity of buttons is undoubted.

However, the buttons of the Ming Dynasty Hanfu are all made of copper, and they are internal buttons, and the buttons are not visible on the outside, which is very different from the cloth plate buckles of the full clothes in terms of shape, and the neckline of the high-necked Hanfu is very different from the full clothes. Therefore, there is no strong evidence to prove that the Hanfu of the Ming Dynasty had a relationship with the Manchu service.

The Han Chinese now do not have a truly uniform costume.

The costumes that can represent the Han nationality are Hanfu and Tang costume.

The national costume of the Han nationality is Hanfu. Hanfu is made of cloth with a width of 2 feet and 2 inches (about 50cm), and is divided into 10 parts, such as collar, placket, jacket, jacket, sleeve, belt, and yun. Take two pieces of cloth of equal length, fold them in half, use them as the front placket, and sew the middle seam of the back.

The placket is a straight-necked cardigan.

When the placket on the left side and the placket on the right side of the Hanfu cross on the chest, the neckline is naturally crossed, so it is vividly called "handing over the collar"; The intersection of the two straight lines of the collar on the left and right of the middle line of the clothes represents the symmetry of traditional culture, showing a unique charm of righteousness, representing the impartiality of life.

Ornamental accessories. Hanfu includes clothing, first clothes, hairstyles, face decorations, shoes, accessories, etc., which condenses the outstanding craftsmanship and aesthetics of Chinese culture such as textiles, batik, valerian and splendor, and inherits more than 30 Chinese intangible cultural heritages, reflecting the reputation of splendid China, a country of clothing and a country of etiquette.

Hanfu, the full name is "Han national traditional clothing", also known as Han clothing, Han costume, Chinese clothing, from the Yellow Emperor's accession to the throne to the middle of the 17th century AD (late Ming and early Qing Dynasty), in the main residential area of the Han nationality, with the "Chinese Han" culture as the background and leading ideology, with Chinese etiquette culture as the center, through natural evolution and formed with a unique Han national style and character, obviously different from other ethnic traditional clothing and accessories system, is China's "clothing country", "etiquette state", "splendid China", the embodiment of the country of Seris, It carries the outstanding craftsmanship and aesthetics of dyeing, weaving and embroidery of the Han nationality, and inherits more than 30 Chinese intangible cultural heritages and protected Chinese arts and crafts.

Similar to the term Han people, the extension of the meaning of the word "Han" in Hanfu also has a process of expanding from the Han Dynasty to the whole ethnic designation. For example, the earliest record of "Hanfu" in the "Mawangdui No. 3 Tomb Dispatch Book": "Jian Sisi 'four beauties, two of them Chufu, two Hanfu'" 1] refers to the Han Dynasty's clothing and etiquette system, that is, the crown and clothing system in the "Zhou Rites", "Rites" and "Rites" [2] ; The record of the "Book of Barbarians" written in the Tang Dynasty:

The first attack on Hanfu, and then a little participation in the customs of Zhurong, so far but the morning glow is entangled, and the rest is the same" in "Hanfu" refers to the Han people's clothing and etiquette system [3] .

Hanfu "began with the Yellow Emperor and was prepared by Yao Shun" [4] and originated from the Yellow Emperor's corona [5] . It was finalized in the Zhou Dynasty, and through the Han Dynasty, a complete crown and clothing system was formed according to the Four Books and Five Classics, and became a part of the Shinto religion. [6] Therefore, later Chinese dynasties Junzong Zhou, Fa and Han took the inheritance of the Han clothes crown as a national event [7], so there was a public opinion in the 24 histories.

The Yellow Emperor, Yao, and Shun hung their clothes and ruled the world, and the benefits were taken from Qiankun" [8], which means that the shape of the upper and lower clothes is determined by the will of heaven and is sacred [9-10]. Hanfu has also influenced the entire Han cultural circle through the Chinese legal system, and some ethnic groups in Asian countries such as Japan, Korea, Vietnam, Mongolia, Bhutan, etc. have or borrowed Hanfu characteristics.

The national costumes of the Han nationality do not have independent and self-contained things at all, but copy some good styles of the brothers of ethnic minorities.

Simple and easy to wear, conservative and beautiful.

The traditional clothing of the Han nationality, referred to as Hanfu, is also known as Hanfu and Chinese clothing.

1. The biggest feeling of Hanfu is that it can reflect the unique beauty and temperament of the girl, light and elegant, soft and bright, although the costumes of various dynasties are different and have their own characteristics, they are very good-looking and have their own styles.

2. The main forms of Hanfu are: Jin system, Tang system, Song system and Ming system, and the Hanfu worn in different periods also have their own characteristics, and their clothing styles and corresponding makeup shapes are different.

3. Understand your body data. Height and weight three aprons long through the sleeves and neck circumference, which is the most basic. Because the general hanfu is mostly customized, and the tailor-made will be more suitable, so these data must be mastered.

Long shirt or short shirt: depending on the height, choose a long shirt for high and a short shirt for short.

Waist-length or chest-length: Waist-length for tall and broad-shouldered, chest-length for short, narrow-shouldered.

Placket or collar: It is recommended to choose a placket for large chests, and it is not recommended to try to hand over the collar.

Collar or stand-up collar: choose hand-over collar for long neck, and stand collar for short neck.

Frank neckline: suitable for short neck, broad shoulders, not for thick waist.

The national costume of the Han people is Hanfu.

The cultural relics of the word "Hanfu" were first recorded in the "Mawangdui No. 3 Tomb Dispatch Book": Jian Sisi "four beauties, two of them are Chufu, and two are Hanfu". The earliest documentary record is Cai Yong's "Dictatorship" in the Eastern Han Dynasty:

Tongtian Crown: The Son of Heaven often wears, and the Hanfu receives Qin, and there is no text in "Rites". ”

The earliest official historical record is found in the "Book of Han": "Princess Qiuzi) came to congratulate the court, the Lehan clothing system, returned to her country, governed the palace room, served as a road Zhou Wei, paging in and out, hitting bells and drums, such as Han Jiayi. ”

Introduction

It is directly related to the Zhou dress system rebuilt in the Han Dynasty. Just as the traditional clothing of the Hu people is called "Hufu", the traditional Chinese clothing is called "Hanfu". Later, the basic connotation of the word "Hanfu" was also fixed, that is, the traditional clothing of the Han people.

Over the course of its long history, "Hanfu" has gradually become a cultural symbol of the Han people's self-identity. In the book of Fan Xuan in the Tang Dynasty, it is clear that the costumes of the Tang Dynasty are called HanfuIn the Song, Yuan, and Ming dynasties, some foreign chiefs also explicitly used "Hanfu" to refer to Han clothing.