Mencius and King Hui of Liang asked what questions?

Mencius saw King Hui of Liang from "Mencius: King Hui of Liang I".

Original text: Mencius saw King Hui of Liang. The king said, "If you come from thousands of miles away, there will also be Eli and my country." ”

Interpretation: Mencius visited King Hui of Liang, and King Hui of Liang spoke first: "Will it be beneficial for my country for the old man to come so far to Daliang?" ”

King Hui of Liang asked Mencius what benefits he could bring to the Wei state.

And Mencius proposed to King Hui of Liang:

Original text: Mencius said, "Why should the king say profit?

There is also benevolence and righteousness. The king said, 'How can we benefit our country?' The doctor said, 'How can I benefit my family'?

The Shishu people said, 'How can I benefit my body'? The upper and lower levels are levied and the country is in danger. The country of ten thousand times kills its monarch, and it will be the house of a thousand times;

The country of a thousand times kills its monarch, and he will be the house of a hundred times. Thousands of thousands, thousands of thousands, not too much. Gou for the sake of the aftermath and the first profit, do not take away and do not eat. Those who have not been benevolent and leave their relatives behind, and those who have not been righteous and then their kings. Wang also said that benevolence and righteousness are just that, why bother with profit? ”

Interpretation: Mencius: "Why should the king talk about profit? I, Mencius, bring only benevolence and righteousness. If the king takes people by virtue of his ability to bring benefits to the Wei state, then today the king asks me, what benefits can I bring to the Wei state, and tomorrow the doctors will also ask me, Meng.

What benefits can a son bring to my family? Inevitably, the scholars and the people will still ask me, what benefits can Mencius bring? But I know that Mencius should not satisfy your interests. ”

The high-level, middle-level and low-level people, the lives of the three types of people are all striving for benefits, but they don't know that it is actually very dangerous to do so. In a country with 10,000 chariots, and everyone pursues profit, then the king will be destroyed by the families who have a thousand chariots.

In a country with a thousand chariots, if everyone pursues profit, then the country will be destroyed by the families who have a hundred chariots. He has a lot of money. However, if morality comes first but interests come first, they will not be satisfied if they do not seize the status of king.

Can such a country not be dangerous? But I, Mencius, went to know, and never spoke"Benevolence"but they forsake their father and mother, and they who have never preached a handout, but they do not care about kings. Therefore, the king only needs to promote benevolence and righteousness, so why talk about profit? ”

Here Mencius proposed that the promotion of interests is the way to destroy the country or the country or the enterprise or the enterprise. Promoting benevolence and righteousness is the way to prosper the country, family or enterprise.

King Liang Hui said: "The widow is also devoted to the country. If Hanoi is vicious, its people will be moved to the east of the river, and its millet will be moved to Hanoi; The same is true of Hedong.

Those who observe the politics of neighboring countries are not as good as those who have the intentions of a few people. The people of the neighbouring countries do not add less, and the people of the few do not add more, why not?

Mencius said to him: "The king is warlike, please use the metaphor of war." Fill in the drums, the blades are connected, abandon the armor and drag the soldiers away.

or 100 steps and then stop, or 50 steps and then stop. What if you laugh at 50 steps and laugh at 100 steps? "Said:

No, it's not a hundred steps, it's also walking. He said: "If the king knows this, he will be able to attack the hopeless people more than his neighbors."

If it does not violate the agricultural time, the grain cannot be eaten; The number of dogs does not enter the pond, and the fish and turtles cannot be eaten; The axe catty enters the mountains and forests at the right time, and the timber cannot be used. Grains and fish and turtles cannot be eaten, and timber and wood cannot be used, so that the people can live and die without regrets. There are no regrets about health and death, and the beginning of the royal road.

Five-acre house, trees with mulberry, fifty can be clothed and repented. Chickens, guineas, dogs, and animals can eat meat if they don't lose their time. A hundred acres of land, don't take it away, a family of a few people, you can be hungry; Respect the teaching of order, affirm the righteousness of filial piety, and the person who gives the confession will live up to the road.

The seventy people eat meat in clothes, and the people are neither hungry nor cold, but those who are not kings have nothing to do. When a dog eats human food and does not know how to inspect it, and when he is coated with a hungry dog and does not know what to do, and when a person dies, he says, 'It's not me, it's not me.'

How is it different from stabbing someone and killing him, saying, 'It's not me, but also the soldier'?The king is innocent, and the people of the world are the best. ”

The central idea: Through Mencius's lobbying of Qi to vigorously announce the king's proposal to abandon hegemony and implement the royal way, Mencius's benevolent government proposition is systematically expounded.

This article is extravagant, unbridled, and closely related to each other, all in one go. The momentum of Mencius's prose stems from his resolute personality, his unwavering belief in his own ideas and extensive knowledge, and his vigor is appropriate, so he speaks with righteousness, rigidity and softness, and sharp words.

However, this article is not only ups and downs, magnificent, but also logically very rigorous, one link after another, scattered and undisciplined on the surface, but in fact it always revolves around the central thesis of "protecting the people and the king", and the level is clear and in-depth, from the unbearable heart of King Qi Xuan to push out the basis that he has the royal road, and then argues that it is not possible to do not do the royal road, not to do it.

It is not the king's way because it has a desire for hegemony, so it also argues about the infeasibility of hegemony and its harm. At this point, Mencius was able to benevolent the blueprint of the government, which made the king of Qi dizzy, and he was eager to implement the royal road, so Mencius told the king of Qi Xuan the specific measures to implement the royal road. The full text is like a surging river, and it is logical and logical.

Topic: King Hui of Liang wanted to wash away his shame and asked Mencius for countermeasures. What is Mencius's advice for laughing socks? Please provide a brief explanation. (3 points).

Mencius suggested that King Hui of Liang should implement benevolent governance to the people, and in terms of material production, he should reduce punishment and punishment, pay taxes lightly, cultivate deep cultivation, and cultivate the virtues of filial piety and faithfulness in education.

The people can be said to be very important to the country, and the people who were more useful in ancient times measured the national strength to a certain extent, which shows that the people live and work in peace and contentment is also a manifestation of the strength of the country. Human favor can do this a little bit. The people have no worries about food and clothing.

Live and work in peace and contentment. At that time, scholars pursued "learning and right-hand poetry". The purpose of a scholar's study is to participate in political activities with his knowledge and talents and realize his political ambitions, so after Mencius formed his academic ideas in his 40s, he began to travel around the world to lobby the princes, implement his "royal way" doctrine and "recognition", the law is very important to the whole society, today's constitution is the fundamental law of the people, and a country cannot be visited without a law.

Benevolence was enacted, cruel punishments were avoided, taxes were reduced, and the people were allowed to work hard. Let the strong man cultivate his virtues every day, serve his father's brother, and treat his superiors. In this way, the hard armor and sharp ** of the Qin Dynasty and the Chu State can also be defeated with a wooden stick.

This shows how important a perfect set of laws is to the governance of the country. Mencius's implication is that Yang Huiwang's method is also equivalent to "fifty steps and a hundred steps of laughter". It is impossible to increase the country's population if it continues to do so without taking into account its essence.

King Yang Hui's current approach did not fundamentally solve the problem, it was only a superficial form, and the essence was no different from that of other vassal states, and the people could not submit to a tyrant.

To use a farmer's analogy, the crops do not grow when there is a very dry period between July and August. If it rains suddenly, the farmhouse will come alive. So kings are cruel and love to kill, but you practice benevolence.

Then people will be like crops that are in drought and suddenly rain.

Yes, how much blood has been shed by the kings of the past behind the big things, this is the cruelty of reality, how small the people are, but the people are water, and the court can make the boat, the water and the boat float, and it can also let the ship sink. At this time, if a person practices confession and does not like to kill, the people will submit to him. Mencius asked King Yang Hui after speaking.

Right? King Liang Hui immediately said, "Of course not!

He didn't run 100 steps, but he ran away. Mencius said. "You love the people, but if you love war, the people will suffer.

William Shakespeare, Hamlet, War) This is the same as Stage 50.

The reason why I say this is because some of the ideas and views of Mencius's early brother and some of the ways of governing the country of King Hui of Liang are very different, and Mencius will generally look down on this kind of behavior and think that it is a mistake, so he will criticize more than praise.

Although King Liang Hui did a lot of wrong things, he contributed a lot to politics, and he was also diligent and inquisitive.