How to tell if there are fake words in a sentence in classical Chinese

1.Look at the meaning of the sentence The meaning of the sentence does not make sense, and eighty percent of the words are fake.

2.Look at the pronunciation The pronunciation is the same, and it may be a fake word.

3.Rely on accumulation Usually accumulate some common fake words, and be prepared for exams.

It's up to you how you translate it. It's weird to look at one word. Literal consciousness doesn't make sense. Then change to a common word in life. Try to see OK.。。 In fact, the teacher talked about these words in class.

Let's translate it first.

Fake wordsIt is one of the phenomenon of using words in ancient Chinese books, and "Tongfake" means "general, borrowing", that is, replacing the original character with a word with the same pronunciation or glyph or guessing the land. The word that is replaced by the fake word is called "the original character".

The sound is the same as the original word, borrowed from a spike Zhaobo. Borrowed words can only be used as temporary workers. Such as "flea" and "early"; Such as "when guessing auspicious" and "if". It is characterized by "due to sound communication". Because the ancient characters were very poor, they used a limited number of words to express the meaning.

Commonly used classical Chinese characters are fake1. Xiang is strong: "strong" (jiāng) through "stiff" - childlike".

2. It is not also said: "Say" (yuè) is "Yue" - Ten Principles of the Analects

3. Zhi Nu Zhi Hu: "女" (rǔ) Tong "Ru" - Ten Principles of the Analects

4. Not knowing is not knowing, it is also knowing: "Zhi" (zhì) is "Zhi" - Ten Principles of the Analects

5. The road turns to the head of the creek and suddenly sees: "see" (xiàn) leads to "present" - Xijiang Yue".

First, the fake word:

End: Pass "only".

Sentence in the original text: Stop there are bones.

Vernacular translation: Only bones remain.

Second, the word has multiple meanings:

1. Accumulated salary: 1) Pile up firewood and grass.

Sentence in the original text: The owner of the farm accumulates salary.

Vernacular translation: The owner of the wheat field piled up the firewood and grass in it.

2) Firewood and grass piled up there.

Sentence in the original text: After turning to the accumulated salary.

Vernacular translation: Turn around and look behind the pile of firewood and straw.

2. Meaning: 1) Expression, attitude.

Sentence in the original text: very meaningful.

Vernacular translation: The expression is very leisurely.

2) Intent. The sentence in the original text: the intention will tunnel in order to attack the back also.

Vernacular translation: Wants to make a hole in the pile of firewood and grass to attack the butcher from behind.

3. Enemy: 1) Attack.

Sentence in the original text: I am afraid that I will be attacked before and after.

Vernacular translation: Fear of being attacked by wolves before and after.

2) Enemies. Sentence in the original text: cover to lure the enemy.

Vernacular translation: It was originally used to lure the enemy.

4. Front: 1) Front.

Sentence in the original text: I am afraid that I will be attacked before and after.

Vernacular translation: Fear of wolf attacks in front and behind.

2) Forward. Sentence in the original text: The wolf does not dare to go forward.

Vernacular translation: The wolf did not dare to come forward.

3. Classes of speech are used to be stupid:

1. Before: noun as a verb, come forward.

2. Enemy: noun as verb, attack,

3. Hole: noun as verb, hole.

4. Tunnel: noun as an adverbial, meaning "from the channel".

5. Dog: noun as an adverbial, like a dog.

Fourth, the ancient and modern meanings:

1. Go: Guyi: leave.

Present meaning: to a certain place.

Sentence in the original text: A wolf goes.

Vernacular translation: A wolf walked straight away.

2. Less: Guyi: slightly. Plexus.

Imayi : Small quantity.

Sentence in the original text: When he was young, a wolf went away, and a dog sat in front.

Vernacular translation: After a while, one wolf walked straight away, and the other sat in front like a dog.

3. Geometry: Ancient meaning: how much.

Jinyi : Abbreviation for geometry.

Sentence in the original text: The deceit of the beast is geometric.

Vernacular translation: How many deceptive methods can beasts have?

4. Ear: Ancient meaning: When the ancient Chinese language is eliminated at the end of the sentence, it is usually interpreted as "just".

Imayi: Ears.

Sentence in the original text: stop increasing the laughter.

Vernacular translation: Just adding to the joke.

5. Stock: Guyi: hind legs.

Imayi: The thigh, from the crotch to the knee.

The sentence in the original text: Tu Zi cut off his shares and killed them.

Vernacular translation: The butcher chopped off the hind legs of the wolf from behind, and the wolf was also killed.

6. Gai: Guyi: It turned out to be.

Present meaning: to cover, to cover.

The sentence in the original text: The wolf pretended to sleep before enlightenment, and covered it to lure the enemy.

Vernacular translation: He realized that the wolf in front of him pretended to sleep, which was originally used to lure the enemy.

Induction: 1) Fake words:

Stop having leftover bones, stop increasing laughing ears, stop dewjiri tail (stop "pass" only", only. 2) Ancient and modern meanings.

Go to a wolf trail to the ancient meaning: leave the present meaning: to the ......Go.

3) Utilization of parts of speech.

1.The wolf does not dare to go forward ( before: to go forward, noun as a verb) 2

A wolf cave in which (hole: to make a hole, noun as a verb) 3The intention is to tunnel in order to attack it also ( tunnel:

Drill hole, noun as verb) 4One of them is a dog sitting in front (dog: like a dog, noun as an adverbial) 5

The deception of the beast (deception: deception, verb as noun) 6Stop smiling ears (laughs:

Jokes, verbs as nouns).

d) The term has multiple meanings.

Fear of being attacked by its enemies (on behalf of wolves).

The farmer's salary is accumulated among them (substitute wheat farm).

Its slaughter is to run under it (on behalf of the firewood and grass pile).

A wolf cave in which (on behalf of firewood and grass piles).

It is intended to tunnel in order to attack the latter (on behalf of the butcher).

Slaughtered from the back of the broken bones (generation wolf).

Cut the wolf's head with a knife (with a knife).

The intention will be tunneled in order to attack it also (come, the purpose of the table).

Cast to the bone ( take ).

The intention will be tunneled in order to attack the back of the attack is also (thought, intend) very busy (expression).

The enemy is attacked by the enemy before and after the enemy

Cover to lure the enemy (enemy).

Re-investment (Substitute Wolf).

and several swords killed (generation wolf).

The juxtaposition of the two wolves is the same (between the subject and the predicate, canceling the independence of the sentence) for a long time, and the eyes are like a blind eye (full syllables, no real meaning).

The deceit of the beast ( particle, of. )

The front is afraid of being attacked by the enemy (front).

The wolf does not dare to step forward (step forward).

5) Special sentence structure:

The owner's salary is omitted and the adverbial sentence is left behind, and the owner (in) is the salary accumulated.

1. Harm a, compete for favor and harm its ability (jealousy) b, harm for Tao Qian (kill) c, remove the great harm of the country (scourge) d, can not harm people (damage, harm).

2. Disease a, Qu Ping's illness is not deaf (hate, heartache) b, illness is in the gut (disease) c, the wind knows the strength of the grass (fast, rapid) d, the gentleman's illness and husband give up the desire (disgust, hatred) E, I am sick and the rich and poor are uneven (hate).

3, Xu a, and Zhao is not allowed, Qu in Zhao (promised) b, when the people Mo Zhi Xu also (admitted) c, Mr. does not know what Xu people are also (premises, places, often used in conjunction with the interrogative pronoun "He") d, plugged on the Great Wall empty self-promise (expectation).

4. Belong to a, the country and the family are accompanied by (continuous) b, belong to the composition to remember it (through the "will", entrust) c, the subordinate (jurisdiction) of the order d, Qu Ping is undecided (writing) e, there is a genus (class) of Ning Yue Xu Shang

5. Shu a, Wang is angry and sparse Qu Yuan (estranged) b, Mei is sparse for the beauty (thin, opposite to dense) c, it is also sparse in the calculation (negligence, not thorough) d, the thirteen classics of commentary (a kind of commentary).

6. Leave a, "divorce", still away from worry (through "suffering", encounter) b, about from the balance (separation) c, if there is a violation, it is advisable to do not (violation, deviation) d, amorous parting (parting) since ancient times

7. Move a, Wang was angry and moved (exile, exile) b, and then moved to Taishi Ling (transfer of official positions) c, to the left to move to Jiujiang County Sima (a euphemism for degrading officials) d, the Qi people did not try to bribe Qin, and finally the five kingdoms moved and destroyed (succession, with).

8. Smell a, erudite and strong knowledge (insight) b, hear the Tao in order (know, understand) c, hear the ears of the widow (make hear).

9. Interrogation a, interrogation, careful thinking (careful) b, interrogation, how strange (knowing, knowing) c, judging the situation (detailed inspection) d, retrial tomorrow (interrogation).

10. Hope a, look at the marquis and go away (see it from afar) b, want the people to be attached (expect) c, have the hope of public assistance (prestige) since childhood d, and hope that the servants do not meet (complain).

11, over a, over the Song general and not see (visit) b, seeking, no Naer is too much (blame) c, too much (excessive) d, people who have no fault (negligence, fault).

12. Fight with a, fight with wine (give) b, and the world is not compared with those who can die (and) c. What is it? and Qin did not help the Five Kingdoms also (and befriended) d, Uncle Jian envoys and teachers (participated, joined).