Is it right or wrong that modern insurance sprouted from marine insurance?

This statement is true.

2000 BC, in the Mediterranean.

In this area, the first activities at sea have begun to rise. In the course of sailing, sometimes the ship's cargo had to be abandoned in order to avoid capsizing, and the merchants came up with a common principle: "One is many, and all are one."

In 916 B.C., the Law of the Maritime Empire of the Rhodian officially stipulated: "The loss caused by the abandonment of the ship's cargo by reducing the load of the ship for the benefit of all shall be apportioned among all the beneficiaries." "The principle of general average was the first to embody the concept of loss sharing and mutual assistance in marine insurance, so it is regarded as the germ of marine insurance.

After hundreds of years of development, countless people have benefited from insurance, and people have gradually discovered that insurance is the best tool to transfer risk. As a result, insurance has developed from the sea to the land, and has begun to be more integrated into people's lives.

The first was fire insurance, 1591, the city of Hamburg, Germany.

In order to raise funds to rebuild the brewery destroyed by the fire, the brewers established a fire cooperative, and all members who joined the cooperative received funds from the cooperative to rebuild the brewery after a fire, which is the origin of fire insurance. With the development of the times and technology, insurance has been involved in more and more fields, such as life insurance.

Pension insurance, medical insurance.

Wait. Insurance has opened up a new way of life for human beings, and countless families and individuals have benefited from insurance, scientists.

Aware of the importance of insurance, we began to conduct research in this area to promote the development of the insurance industry towards specialization, standardization and scale. Insurance by doctors, bankers.

Invented by scientists, it is a rigorous science that can help you manage family and personal risks, so some people call insurance ** people "risk planners" or "risk consultants". So far, insurance has undergone hundreds of years of development and practice, and has been proven to be one of the most effective tools for transferring risks and compensating for losses. In the future, insurance will be more integrated into all aspects of people's lives.

It is right that modern insurance sprouted at sea.

The apportionment principle of general average is the germ of marine insurance.

2000 BC, Mediterranean.

There is a wide range of maritime activities in the area. The most effective way to save a seagoing ship from capsizing is to abandon the cargo on board in order to reduce the carrying capacity of the ship, and to make the abandoned cargo profitable.

The seafarers at that time proposed a common principle of apportioning the losses caused by accidents at sea: "One person is many, and many are one." "In 916 BC it was formalized in the Law of the Maritime Merchant of Rodien:

For the benefit of all, the loss of abandoning the cargo on board the vessel by reducing the load of the vessel shall be apportioned among all the beneficiaries. "It is also mentioned in the Roman Code that general average must be saved in order for the loss to be apportioned. Because this principle was the first embodiment of the requirements of marine insurance for apportionment of damages, damages, damages, loss and mutual assistance, it is regarded as the germ of marine insurance.

Extended reading: [Insurance] How to buy, which one is better, teach you to avoid these insurance"pits"

Answer]: A marine insurance is the product of the emergence and development of marine insurance. Sailing was a great adventure, so it was customary among the merchants who sailed in the Mediterranean at that time that the losses caused by the abandonment of goods for the common safety of ships and goods were shared by the parties who benefited, which was the principle of "one for many, all for one".

This principle was later adopted by the Law of the Maritime Laws of 916 BC and formalized as "all goods that have been thrown into the sea to lighten the load of the ship, which are not as great as those lost for the benefit of all, must be apportioned and returned by all". This is known as the principle of general average apportionment. Because the principle of general average apportionment embodies the principle of loss apportionment, which is the basis of insurance, it is recognized as the germ of marine insurance.

Therefore, A is selected for this question.

Answer] :d modern marine insurance originated from Italy. As early as the end of the 11th century, similar modern forms of marine insurance were already appearing in the economically prosperous cities of northern Italy, especially Genoa, Florence, Pisa, and Vitanis.

The word "insurance policy" in English is derived from the Italian word "polizza". The oldest insurance policy in the world is a ship insurance policy, which is still preserved in the National Museum of Genoa, but this policy does not have the basic form of a policy. One of the earliest insurance policies that was almost identical in form and content to modern insurance was the voyage policy, which was issued on March 24, 1384.

Therefore, the earliest form of modern insurance, marine insurance, originated in Italy after the middle of the 14th century. Therefore, D is selected for this question.

Answer]: In the late 15th century, slave traders in Obibi took out marine insurance for African slaves destined for the Americas as cargo, similar to modern personal accident insurance. Later, the captain and crew of the rubber type on board the ship can also be insured.

By the 16th century, it had developed to cover the ransom paid for travelers who were kidnapped by pirates. These are considered to be the germ of life insurance.

The earliest budding insurance in China is the dart bureau, which is the original form of cargo transportation insurance in Qingqi.

The general average apportionment system is the germ of marine insurance.

Marine insurance in the fifteenth century was the germ of life insurance.

Extended reading: [Insurance] How to buy, which one is better, teach you to avoid these insurance"Poor pit leakage"

In the history of insurance development, the prototype of marine insurance is the ship mortgage loan system. Also known as risky borrowing, it is a variation of ancient sea lending. This form of borrowing stipulates that the borrower can borrow money from the lender with the ship going to sea as collateral, and the interest rate on the loan is 12%, which is 1 times higher than the general 6% loan interest at that time.

If the vessel arrives safely at the port of destination, the borrower must repay the principal and interest of the loan to the lender in full; If the ship sinks en route, the borrower can be forgiven of the debt.

There are 5 main types of marine insurance:

Ship insurance. Take the ship as the subject of insurance. Compensation is made when the ship suffers losses during navigation or other operations. Including ship term insurance, voyage insurance, expense insurance, ship repair insurance, shipbuilding insurance, suspension insurance, etc.

Freight insurance. Freight is the subject of insurance. Voyage insurance is only based on the condition of total loss. The insurer shall compensate the insurer for the freight costs that cannot be recovered by the shipowner after the average.

Guaranteed liability insurance. A form of insurance in which ship owners protect each other. Liability insurance that is not covered by the main insurance policy insures the loss, expense, fines, etc. caused by various accidents in the course of operation of the shipowner.

Marine Cargo Insurance. The subject matter of insurance is the sea cargo. It mainly has safety insurance, which is responsible for compensating for all the losses of the insured goods caused by natural disasters and accidents; In addition to the full responsibility of safety insurance, water damage insurance is also responsible for part of the losses caused by accidents caused by natural disasters; All risks are responsible for all accidental losses caused by external causes other than those specified in the insurance conditions.

Petroleum development insurance. It is subject to underwriting the risks of the whole process of offshore oil development. It is a professional comprehensive insurance. The insurance period of this type of insurance is very long, up to more than ten years due to the development cycle.

Marine insurance is a business activity in which the insurer and the insured agree on the risks that may be encountered by ships, cargo and other marine subjects through negotiation, and after the insured pays the agreed insurance premium, the insurer promises that once the above-mentioned risks occur within the agreed time and cause losses to the insured, the insurer will give the insured economic compensation as agreed. Marine insurance belongs to the category of property insurance, which is a legal system that provides economic compensation for property losses caused to people due to natural disasters and accidents at sea.

Cargo mortgage lending is the prototype of marine insurance.

The prototype was insurance in the Age of Discovery.

The germ of insurance.

Among the various types of insurance, marine insurance has the earliest origin and the longest history. It is the development of marine insurance that has driven the development of the entire insurance industry.

The general average apportionment system is the germ of marine insurance. Marine insurance is the product of the emergence and development of marine insurance. Sailing was a risky and risky activity, and it was customary among the merchants of the Mediterranean at that time that the loss caused by the abandonment of the cargo for the common safety of the ship and cargo was shared by the authorized parties, which was the principle of "one man for many, all for many".

This principle was later adopted by the Maritime Law of Rodien in 916 BC and formalized as "all goods that enter the sea as a result of the lightening of the load of the ship, if they are lost for the benefit of all, must be apportioned and returned by all". This is known as the principle of general average apportionment. Because the principle of general average apportionment embodies the basic principle of "loss sharing", it is recognized as the germ of marine insurance.

Marine insurance in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries was the germ of life insurance. In the process of production and development of marine insurance, life insurance was once included. In the late 15th century, European slave traders insured African slaves destined for the Americas as cargo, which was actually a form of personal accident insurance.

Later, the captain and crew of the ship can also be insured. By the 16th century, it had developed to cover the ransom paid for the kidnapping of travelers. These are considered the germ of life insurance.

Extended reading: [Insurance] How to buy, which one is better, teach you to avoid these insurance"pits"