What are the effects of geography on human activities?

The geographical environment influences the national culture. From the perspective of the overall historical development of human beings, the geographical environment plays a key role in the formation of civilization and the inheritance of culture. For example, the Yellow River basin gave birth to the ancient Chinese civilization, and the Nile River basin gave birth to the ancient Egyptian civilization.

Geography is a necessary condition for the existence and development of society. The geographical environment is not only the place where human beings rely for survival, but also provides human beings with the means of living and the resources for production and construction.

The geographical environment affects the regional climate, and the harsh geographical environment hinders the development of society. The climate is extremely dry in the center of the continent and the west coast of the continent controlled by the subtropical high pressure zone and the trade wind belt all year round due to the perennial subsidence of the subtropical high and the trade winds from the inland. Due to the lack of water, shallow or no surface runoff, strong physical weathering, and the prevalence of aeolian action, large areas of desert and gravel desert with sparse vegetation have hindered economic development.

Since human survival and development depend on the geographical environment, the geographical environment plays a role in restricting and influencing social development. The geographical environment mainly restricts and influences the development of society through two ways.

First, the geographical environment directly restricts the development of society by influencing the development of production. First of all, the geographical environment affects the level of labor productivity. Under the same level of development of the productive forces and other social conditions, the production of the same quantity of products, in a country or region with a better geographical environment, requires less time or less labor; On the contrary, in countries and regions with poor geographical environments, it takes a lot of time or a lot of labor.

Second, geography restricts the distribution of a country's production sectors. For example, plain areas are suitable for the development of agriculture, areas along the base or coast, along lakes and rivers are suitable for the development of aquaculture or aquaculture, and areas with mineral deposits are suitable for the development of mining. Thirdly, the geographical environment determines the characteristics of the economic development of different countries to a certain extent.

For example, the reason why the United States has become the world's best granary is because of its vast plains; Australia's livestock industry is well developed because of its vast grasslands; Canada is known for its timber processing industry because of its vast and dense forests. Finally, the geographical environment also restricts the potential and prospects for the development of a country's production.

Second, the geographical environment restricts the development of different countries and societies through its influence on the military and political. For example, the production of oil by Middle Eastern countries has made it a place for military and political wrestling in the world.

Beneficial effects: The construction of reservoirs and other facilities alleviates the imbalance in the time distribution of water resources; Water resource allocation projects such as the South-to-North Water Diversion Project have alleviated the imbalance in the spatial distribution of water resources. In addition, the imbalance in the distribution of oil, natural gas and other resources has been changed to a certain extent.

Adverse effects: degradation or extinction of forest and grassland vegetation, decline of biodiversity, increasing soil erosion and pollution, highlighting the greenhouse effect of the atmosphere, and depleting of the ozone layer. Hope to adopt.

The natural environment is the material basis for human survival and development, and of course it is also the basis for the formation of human consciousness or spirit. Geography has a certain determining role in human beings and human society, although this role is not unique and not final. With the improvement of productivity and the diversification of production methods, people have begun to actively use the geographical environment, so that the decisive role of the geographical environment on specific human activities has gradually decreased.

The more developed the productive forces, the greater and deeper the human capacity to make use of geography, but all this is premised on the conditions provided by the geographical environment.

The physical geographical environment is an organic whole, in which various phenomena and processes are not isolated and accidental, but interrelated and mutually restrictive, that is, what we call the integrity of physical geography. And our so-called "pulling a whole body" is the best embodiment of wholeness, once one link changes, all other links will inevitably change. The consequence of the destructive transformation of the natural geographical environment by human beings is the deterioration of the natural geographical environment and endangers our own interests.

Especially in the cities where human beings live, due to the excessive development and transformation of human beings, the natural geographical environment of the city and its surroundings has been destroyed, resulting in a large number of environmental problems. In order to coordinate this problem, we should start from the integrity of the natural geographical environment, in the process of urban development and construction, we must always put the natural geographical environment in the first place, and exchange for the development of other aspects at the minimum environmental cost, after all, the time required for the restoration of the natural environment after the destruction is extremely long, and people are also an integral part of the natural environment, so all development must be based on the coordination of the relationship between man and land.

Although the geographical environment plays a role in restricting and influencing social development, it does not play the most important decisive role in social development, and the most important decisive role is the mode of production of material materials. There are three main reasons:

First, the geographical environment cannot determine the nature of the social system and the replacement of the social system. For example, countries with the same geographical environment may have different social systems, and countries with different geographical environments may have the same nature of social systems. For example, the geographical environment of some countries has not undergone any changes, the nature of the social system may have undergone major changes, and the geographical environment of some countries has undergone major changes, such as severe floods and droughts, strong floods, volcanic eruptions, etc., but the nature of the social system has not necessarily changed.

All these circumstances show that the state of the geographical environment and its changes are not intrinsically and necessarily related to the nature of the social system and the replacement of the social system.

Second, geography can only play an role in human history through the process or mode of production. Various elements in the geographical environment, such as mineral deposits, lakes, rivers, etc., can only play a role in social production, that is, in human history, when they enter the production process and become the means of labor or the object of labor. The geographical environment cannot directly determine the process of human social life, but it is the mode of production that directly determines the process of human social life.

No matter how different the geographical environment of the country, as long as the mode of production is the same, the process of social life is generally the same; On the contrary, no matter how similar the geographical environment is, as long as the mode of production is different, the process of social production is obviously different.

Third, the role of geographical environment in the development of social debate is mainly constrained by social factors, mainly by productive forces and production relations. The role of geography in social development is always expressed through the level of development of the productive forces. The higher the level of development of the social productive forces, the greater the degree of utilization of natural conditions; The more social production develops, the greater the development of new areas of natural resources and the expansion of more and more connections between human beings and nature.

At the same time, the magnitude of the role of the geographical environment and the rational use of it by human beings are related to the nature of the social system. Under different social systems, the same or roughly the same geographical environment often shows great differences in the impact and constraints on social development.

a.The level of development of production is manifested.

b.Psychosocial praise emerges.

c.social system manifested.

d.The social revolution is simple and respectful.

Correct Answer: a