Why can t absolute zero be reached?

Updated on science 2024-02-21
5 answers
  1. Anonymous users2024-02-06

    In physics, the Kelvin temperature was introduced for the convenience of research, and "absolute zero" was used as the starting point of the Kelvin temperature. Nowadays, people can easily get millions of degrees of heat, but they can't reduce the minimum temperature to absolute zero. For this reason, in thermochemistry, there is such a law:

    Absolute zero is unreachable. ”

    Scientists have discovered some wonderful phenomena in their quest to reach absolute zero. For example, helium is a gas, but when it turns into a liquid, when the temperature continues to drop, the liquid that was originally contained in the bottle can easily overflow from the gap of only millimeters, and then the phenomenon of fountain appears, and the viscosity of the liquid disappears.

    So why can't people get the "temperature?"

    Because the acquisition of low temperatures is inseparable from the liquefaction of gases. The liquefaction of gas is to slow down the thermal movement of molecules, and the method of gas liquefaction is to liquefy another gas (such as the liquefied petroleum gas we use), let it evaporate at low temperature to reduce its temperature, and then use this low-temperature substance to cool the cryogenic gas that needs to be liquefied. In this way, one after the other, the temperature can be continuously lowered.

    In this way, it seems that the low temperature can be reduced indefinitely. However, it must be pointed out that the generation of temperature is the result of the movement of molecules, and if the movement of molecules is small, the temperature will be low, and if it reaches ", the molecules will not move. And matter is constantly moving, so it is impossible to say.

    So why is matter in eternal motion? Scientists don't have enough theoretical basis to ask this question.

  2. Anonymous users2024-02-05

    Why can't absolute zero be reached, but there is no upper limit to high temperatures? Here's how the expert explains.

  3. Anonymous users2024-02-04

    Why absolute zero can't be reached is as follows:

    The reason why absolute zero cannot be reached: when the motion of the particle is stationary, the kinetic energy becomes zero, and the thermal energy is also zero, but the kinetic energy, potential energy cannot become negative, so absolute zero is the lowest value of temperature.

    Absolute zero is the lowest temperature in thermodynamics, but only a theoretical lower limit. The unit of the thermodynamic temperature scale is Kelvin (k), and absolute zero is the zero point defined by the Kelvin temperature scale (referred to as the Kelvin temperature scale, denoted as k).

    0k is approximately equal to minus degrees Celsius on the temperature scale, which is 0 degrees Kelvin, at this temperature, the molecules of the object have no kinetic energy and potential energy, and the kinetic potential energy is 0, so the internal energy of the object is 0 at this time. The temperature of a substance depends on the kinetic energy of the atoms, molecules, etc. within it. According to the Maxwell Boltzmann distribution, the greater the kinetic energy of the particle, the higher the temperature of the matter.

    Theoretically, if the kinetic energy of a particle is as low as the lowest point of quantum mechanics, the matter reaches absolute zero and cannot be lower. However, absolute zero is the lowest temperature that cannot be reached, and the temperature in nature can only be approximated infinitely.

    If it arrives, then everything will reach the lowest form of motion. Because any space must contain energy and heat, and they are constantly converting into each other without disappearing. So absolute zero does not exist unless the space is free of any energy heat from the beginning.

    At absolute zero, atoms and molecules possess the minimum amount of energy allowed by quantum theory.

    Vacuum energy: At absolute zero, any energy should disappear. But even at absolute zero, there is still an energy that exists, which is the vacuum zero point energy.

    Vacuum zero-point energy, named after the vibration of particles found at absolute zero. This is the huge background energy contained in the quantum vacuum. Heisenberg's uncertainty principle states:

    It is not possible to know the position and momentum of a particle at the same time with a high degree of accuracy. Therefore, when the temperature drops to absolute zero, the particles must still be vibrating; Otherwise, if the particle comes to a complete stop, its momentum and position can be accurately measured at the same time, which is contrary to the principle of inaccuracy.

  4. Anonymous users2024-02-03

    Why can't absolute zero be reached? Here's why:

    When the motion of the particle is stationary, the kinetic energy becomes zero, and the thermal energy is also zero, but the kinetic energy, potential energy cannot be negative, so absolute zero is the lowest value of temperature. Microscopic particles are agitated, and the movement of the particles cannot be stopped, so the temperature can only be infinitely close to absolute zero, and cannot be reached.

    Thermodynamic temperature, also known as Kelvin temperature scale, absolute temperature scale, referred to as Kelvin temperature scale, is one of the seven basic physical quantities of the International System of Units, the unit is Kelvin, referred to as open, (the symbol is k), which describes the real temperature of the objective world, and is also the basis for formulating the international protocol temperature scale, which is a method of calibrating and quantifying temperature.

    Thermodynamic temperature, also known as the paired temperature of absolute osmosis, is one of the important parameters in thermodynamics and statistical physics. The term "absolute zero" is 0 K, which corresponds to minus degrees Celsius.

    At present, the main thermodynamic temperature measurement methods are: constant pressure gas thermometer method, gas acoustic thermometer method, radiation thermometer method (including spectral radiation thermometer and total radiation thermometer), dielectric constant thermometer method, noise thermometer method, etc., the thermodynamic temperature measurement method of different principles is limited by its own conditions, suitable for different temperature ranges, and the main acoustic thermometer that coincides with the temperature measurement range of the gas refractive index reference thermometer.

  5. Anonymous users2024-02-02

    The temperature of an object is actually the movement of atoms inside the object. When we feel that an object is hot, it means that its atoms are moving fast: when we feel that an object is cold, it means that the atoms inside it are moving slowly.

    Our bodies sense this movement through heat or cold, while physicists measure temperature on the absolute temperature scale, or Kelvin temperature scale.

    Absolute temperature zero (0k) is equivalent to minus zero degrees Celsius (known as "absolute zero", the lowest possible temperature in nature). At absolute zero, the motion of the atoms stops completely, and theoretically, the volume of the gas should be zero. From this, one will understand why it is impossible for the temperature to fall below this scale, and why it is in fact impossible to even reach this scale, but only to approach it.

    3. Absolute zero represents a temperature at which all the molecules and atoms that make up matter cease to move. Motion refers to all spatial, mechanical, molecular, and vibrational motions, including some forms of electronic motion, but it does not include "zero-point motion" in the concept of quantum mechanics. This motion cannot be stopped unless the agglomeration system of the moving particles is dismantled.

    By the nature of this definition, absolute zero is impossible to achieve in any experiment, but low temperatures within one millionth of a degree above absolute zero have been reached. All of these molecular and atomic transport that takes place inside the substance. 1. If there is absolute zero, then the molecules of matter have no kinetic energy and no potential energy.

    Or, to put it simply, if it can be achieved, it would be a violation of the third law of thermodynamics. ,1,This is because the internal energy of the substance has the potential energy of the molecule and the kinetic energy, and you are absolutely 0 degrees, and the molecule stops, 0,

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