Compulsory 1 Biology Induction Exam Focus according to the table of contents

The content of the compulsory biology knowledge points in the first year of high school is as follows:

1. Cell: It is the basic unit of structure and function of living organisms. With the exception of viruses, all living things are made up of cells. Cells are the most basic living systems on Earth.

2. The structural level of living systems: cells, tissues, organ systems (plants have no systems), individuals, populations, communities, ecosystems, and biospheres.

3. According to the different hosts of parasitism, viruses can be divided into three categories: animal viruses, plant viruses and bacterial viruses (i.e., bacteriophages). According to the different types of nucleic acids contained in viruses, they are divided into DNA viruses and RNA viruses.

4. Prokaryotic cells: small cells, no nuclear membrane, no nucleolus, and no shaped nucleus; The region where the genetic material (a circular DNA molecule) is concentrated is called the nucleomimetry; There are no chromosomes, and DNA does not bind to proteins; Organelles have only ribosomes; There is a cell wall with a different composition than eukaryotic cells.

5. Eukaryotic cells: the cells are larger, with nuclear membranes, nucleoli, and true nuclei; There is a certain number of chromosomes (DNA combined with proteins); There are generally a variety of organelles.

1. Viruses do not have a cellular structure, but they must rely on (living cells) to survive.

2. Life activities are inseparable from cells, which are the basic units of structure and function of organisms.

3. Structural levels of living systems: (cells), (tissues), (organs), (systems), (individuals), (populations), (ecosystems), (biosphere).

4. Blood belongs to the (tissue) level, and ** belongs to the (organ) level.

5. Plants do not have a (systemic) level, and single-celled organisms can be transformed into both (individual) and (cellular) levels.

6. The most basic living system on earth is the cell.

7. Population: the sum of individuals of the same species in a certain area. Example: All carp in a pond.

8. Community: The sum of all organisms in a certain area. Example: All the creatures in a pond.

9. Ecosystem: A unified whole formed by the interaction between the biological community and the inorganic environment in which it lives.

1. The structural hierarchy of the living system is as follows:: Cells, tissues, organs, systems, populations, communities, ecosystems. The cell is the basic unit of structure and function of an organism; The most basic living system on Earth is the cell.

2. The operation steps of the optical circular number micromirror:Light Observation with low magnification objective Moving field of view** (which deviation is shifted) High magnification objective observation: Only the fine collimation spiral can be adjusted, and the large aperture and concave lens can be adjusted.

3. Creatures (such as cacti in the desert) are fresh and heavy, the most abundant compound is water, and the most abundant compound in dry weight is protein.

4. Cyanobacteria are prokaryotesAutotroph.

The founders of the cell theory were Schleiden and SchwannThe establishment of the cell theory reveals the unity of the cell and the unity of the structure of the organism. The process of establishing the cell theory is a process of pioneering, inheriting, revising and developing in science, which is full of intriguing twists and turns.

6. The unity of eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells is reflected in the fact that both have cell membranes and cytoplasm.