How does a centrifugal filter work?

In our family life, in order to ensure the health of our water, the use of filters is very extensive, generally we can filter the impurities in our water through the filter, so as to have a safer guarantee for our household water, centrifugal filter is the type of filter we most often use, today I will introduce the working principle of centrifugal filter for you to understand.

The structure of the filter is imported from the inlet of compressed air, which is introduced into the deflector plate, which has evenly distributed helical teeth similar to fan blades, forcing the high-speed flowing compressed air to produce a strong rotation along the tangential direction of the teeth, and the liquid water and oil mixed in the air and the larger impurities are separated under the action of strong centrifugal force, thrown onto the inner wall of the water cup, and flow to the bottom of the water cup. Compressed air that removes liquid water, oil and larger impurities is further filtered through the filter cartridge to remove tiny solid particles, and then clean compressed air is released from the outlet. The umbrella-shaped baffle divides the cup into two parts, the upper and lower parts maintain a pressure quiet zone, which can prevent the high-speed rotating air flow from sucking up the water and oil at the bottom of the cup.

The water and oil that have accumulated at the bottom of the cup are drained from the drain valve. The air filter must be installed upright and the cup downward.

1.The compressed air coming out of the air source contains excessive amounts of water vapor and oil droplets, as well as solid impurities such as rust, sand, pipe sealants, etc., which can damage the piston sealing ring, block the small vent holes on the components, shorten the life of the components or make them ineffective. The function of the air filter is to separate the liquid water and liquid oil droplets in the compressed air, and filter out the dust and solid impurities in the air, but not the gaseous water and oil.

Summary. Filtering: Filter what you want by the size or volume of the filter paper.

Centrifugation: Separated by particle mass.

The difference between filtration and centrifugation.

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Filtering: Filter what you want by the size or volume of the filter paper. Centrifugation: Separated by particle mass.

Centrifugation and filtration are both process means of solid-liquid separation. Generally speaking, with the same filtration precision, the water content of the filter cake obtained by centrifugal separation is low, but there are still trace solids in the filtrate; The filtered filter cake has a high water content, the separation is relatively slow, and the number of small particles and solids in the filtrate is small.

The front is an explanation of it, and the back is a certain analysis of it, if there is anything you don't understand, you can also come and ask me.

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Let's start with the principle of "filtering".

Filtration is the operation of making the liquid in the suspension pass through the porous medium under the action of external force, and the solid particles in the suspension are intercepted on the medium, so as to realize the separation of solid and liquid.

In this way, the concept of solid-liquid separation can also be extended to the separation of solids and gases (solid suspended particles in gases) and liquid-gas (liquid suspended particles in gases).

The "filter" is the mechanism that realizes the filtration.

The solid-liquid separation process is used to illustrate the principle of the filter. The porous media installed in the filter is called the filter media; The suspension treated is called the slurry; The solid particles trapped by the filter medium in the filter slurry are called filter cakes or filter residues; The liquid after passing through the filter medium is called filtrate. The driving force that drives the liquid through the filter media can be pressure (or differential pressure), gravity, or centrifugal force.

The purpose of the filtration operation can be to obtain a clean liquid product or a solid product.

If there are many solid particles in the filter slurry and the size is different, different filter media can also be used to achieve solid-liquid separation through multi-stage filtration.

The filter media supports the filter cake and allows the filtrate to pass through, and the basic requirements for this are sufficient mechanical strength and the smallest possible flow resistance, as well as corresponding corrosion and heat resistance. Such as filter cloth (fabric woven with natural fibers and or synthetic fibers), filter screen (mesh woven from glass wire or metal wire), solid particles (sand, wood charcoal, asbestos, diatomaceous earth), porous membrane (various organic polymer membranes and inorganic material membranes), etc.

Common filters are: plate and frame filters, leaf filters, rotary drum filters, centrifugal filters, etc. The principle is the same.

The principle of the plate and frame filter.

To understand the principle and function of the filter, it is necessary to understand the general classification of the filter, because the function and working principle of different types of filters are different.

Common types of filters are: security filters, stainless steel bag filters, multi-media filters, etc.

The working principle and function are as follows:

1.The working principle of the security filter is that the liquid to be filtered is pressed into the filter inlet by the filter inlet, and the filter element is filtered into a clear liquid through the filter layer from the outside to the inside, and then discharged through the outlet. Under the action of pressure, the original liquid passes through the filter medium, the filter residue remains on the filter medium, and the filtrate flows out through the filter material.

Trace suspended particles, colloids, microorganisms, etc. remaining in the water are trapped or adsorbed on the surface and pores of the filter element. Function: Remove impurities, sediments, suspended solids, and bacteria in the water, so as to achieve the purpose of filtration.

2.The working principle of the stainless steel bag filter is when the bag filter is used to filter the liquid, the liquid enters from the side of the filter container or the liquid inlet below, and is rushed into the filter bag from above the filter bag supported by the mesh basket, the filter bag is evenly distributed on the inner surface of the entire filter bag due to the impact of the liquid and the uniform pressure surface, and the liquid through the filter bag is discharged from the outlet at the bottom of the filter along the metal support basket wall. What it does:

Efficiently intercept and filter out particle impurities in the filter bag to complete the filtration process.

3.The working principle of multi-media filter is the commonly used multi-media filter has activated carbon filter, which works on the principle that activated carbon forms a balanced surface concentration on the surface of its particles, and the size of its particles also has an impact on the adsorption capacity.

The smaller the activated carbon particles, the larger the filtration area. The granular activated carbon is not easy to flow due to the particle forming, and the impurities such as organic matter in the water are not easy to block in the activated carbon filter layer, and its adsorption capacity is strong, and it is easy to carry and replace. The adsorption capacity of activated carbon is directly proportional to the time of contact with water, and the longer the contact time, the better the quality of the filtered water.

Function: Adsorption of impurities such as organic matter in water.

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Problem description: Centrifugation is based on particle weight; Filtration is separated according to particle size. Is this true?

Analysis: When the centrifuge is driven, the sample liquid moves in a uniform circular motion with the centrifuge tube, so an outward centrifugal force is generated. Since the mass, density, size and shape of different particles are different from each other, the sedimentation rate in the same fixed-size centrifugal field is also different, so that they can be separated from each other.

Filtration is the use of porous media to remove solid impurities from fluids.

The working principle of the filter is: when the filter is working, the water to be filtered enters through the nozzle, flows through the filter screen, and enters the pipe required by the user through the outlet for process circulation. Particulate impurities in the water are trapped by the filter.

With this continuous cycle, more and more particles are intercepted and the filtration rate becomes slower and slower.

Inlet effluent continues to enter and the filter pores become smaller and smaller, resulting in a pressure differential between the inlet and outlet. When the differential value reaches the set value, the differential pressure transmitter sends an electrical signal to the controller. The control system starts the drive motor, the drive shaft rotates through the transmission parts, and the sewage outlet opens and discharges from the sewage outlet.

When the filter is cleaned, the differential pressure drops to a minimum and the system returns to its original filter shape. The system is running normally. The filter consists of a housing, a multi-filter element, a backwash mechanism and a differential pressure controller.

The diaphragm inside the housing divides the inner chamber into upper and lower chambers, and the upper chamber is equipped with multiple filter elements, which fully fills the filter space and significantly reduces the volume of the filter. The lower chamber is equipped with backwash suction cups.

1. Air filter: suitable for industrial industries and gas stations, installed on the fuel tank, to prevent all impurities and pollutants from entering the oil tank with the air with the decrease of the amount of oil in the oil tank, which can ensure the purity of the oil. 2. Oil suction filter:

Usually used in large industries, it is set on the suction pipe of the pump to filter out impurities and residues in the oil tank, which can extend the service life of the pump. <

1. Air filter: suitable for industrial industries and gas stations, installed on the fuel tank, to prevent all impurities and pollutants from entering the oil tank with the air with the decrease of the amount of oil in the oil tank, which can ensure the purity of the oil.

2. Suction filter: Usually used in large-scale industries, it is set on the suction pipe of the pump to filter out impurities and residues in the oil tank, which can prolong the service life of the pump.

3. Reflux filter: It is set on the oil return pipeline of the system to filter out the impurities and pollutants generated in the system before the oil is returned to the tank, which can ensure the safety of the system and the pollution degree of the control system.

4. High-pressure pipeline filter: Installed on the system pipeline to protect hydraulic parts that are particularly sensitive to pollution, also known as terminal filter, which can prolong the service life of the components and have a smaller filter particle size than other filters.

There are many filters, the air filter is called the air filter, and the water filter is called the water treatment filter.

Water treatment filters are divided into filter element filters, filter bag filters, and filter material filters.

Filter cartridge filters include security filters and precision filters.

Bag filters include bag filters.

Filter filters include quartz sand filters, activated carbon filters, manganese sand filters, and multi-media filters.

The filter is an advanced, efficient and easy-to-operate automatic filtration device. Here's how it works:

When the filter is working, the water to be filtered enters through the nozzle, flows through the filter screen, and enters the pipeline required by the user through the outlet for process circulation, and the particle impurities in the water are trapped inside the filter screen. As more and more particles are trapped and the filtration speed becomes slower and slower.

However, the inlet sewage is still coming in, and the filter holes will become smaller and smaller, resulting in a pressure difference between the inlet and outlet. When the magnitude difference reaches the set value, the differential pressure transmitter transmits the electrical signal to the controller. The control system starts the drive motor to drive the shaft to rotate through the transmission assembly, and at the same time the sewage outlet is opened and discharged by the sewage outlet.

When the filter is cleaned, the differential pressure drops to the minimum, the system returns to the initial filter, and the system operates normally.

In the whole process, the material flows continuously, the water consumption of backwashing is low, and continuous and automated production is realized.

The working principle of the bag filter is to adopt the method of side in and bottom out, when filtering liquid, the liquid is introduced from one side of the inlet, and the other side is exported from the outlet, and the medium of the filtered liquid is pressed into the bag filter barrel through the pressure in the pipeline, the filter bag is subject to the impact and pressure surface of the liquid, and the liquid material is distributed on the internal surface of the entire filter bag, and the liquid through the filter bag is discharged from the filter outlet along the wall of the metal support mesh basket, and the particle impurities are intercepted in the filter bag. Finally, the changed solid liquid achieves the result that the liquid medium is filtered.

The working principle of the precision filter is that the liquid enters the filter bag supported by the support screen frame from the interface, and the filter bag is hit by the liquid, which will evenly move to the periphery, so that the liquid can be evenly distributed on the inner surface of the entire filter bag. The liquid penetrates the filter bag and is discharged through the drain at the bottom of the filter. The filter residue is trapped in the filter bag.

The precision filter is mainly composed of three parts: the filter container, the support basket and the filter bag. Made of stainless steel. Precision filters are divided into 1, 2, 3, and 4 filter bags according to the size of the filter bags. The inlet and outlet directions of the liquid are divided into side in and out and bottom in and out of the bottom.

The filter bag can be replaced after the operation time, or when the inlet and outlet pressure difference is found to be reached during use, the filter bag also needs to be replaced.

When the filter is working, the water to be filtered enters through the nozzle, flows through the filter screen, and enters the pipeline required by the user through the outlet for process circulation, and the particle impurities in the water are trapped inside the filter screen. Such a continuous cycle, more and more particles are intercepted, the filtration speed is getting slower and slower, and the imported sewage is still entering continuously, the filter hole will be smaller and smaller, thus producing a pressure difference between the inlet and outlet, when the large difference reaches the set value, the differential pressure transmitter transmits the electrical signal to the controller, the control system starts the drive motor to drive the shaft to rotate through the transmission assembly, and the sewage outlet is opened at the same time, and is discharged by the sewage outlet, when the filter screen is cleaned, the pressure difference drops to the minimum value, and the system returns to the initial filter. The system is running normally. The filter is composed of a shell, a multi-filter element, a backwashing mechanism, and a differential pressure controller.

The diaphragm in the housing is divided into upper and lower chambers, and the upper chamber is equipped with a plurality of filter elements, so that the filtration space is sufficient, the volume of the filter is significantly reduced, and the backwash suction cup is installed in the lower chamber. During work, the turbid liquid enters the lower cavity of the filter through the inlet, and then enters the inner cavity of the filter element through the hole of the partition. Impurities larger than the gap in the filter element are trapped, and the liquid passes through the gap to the upper chamber, where it is finally sent out of the outlet.