CNC milling operation and programming, how to program this CNC milling machine?

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CNC milling machine programming requires the use of specialized CNC programming software, such as mastercam, gibbscam, etc. The programming process consists of the following steps:

1.Design CAD models: Use CAD software to draw a model of the part that needs to be machined.

2.Convert to CAM model: Import the CAD model into the CAM software, perform operations such as machining path planning and tool selection, and generate a CAM model.

3.Write NC program: Write NC program according to the machining path and tool information generated by the CAM model, including G** and M**, etc.

4.Upload the NC program: Upload the written NC program to the control system of the CNC milling machine.

5.Debugging and machining: Carry out debugging and machining operations, adjust and modify NC programs according to the actual situation.

It should be noted that CNC milling machine programming requires certain knowledge of machining and programming, which may be difficult for beginners and requires systematic learning and practice.

The programming diagram of the CNC milling machine and ** are as follows:

1. The preparation function g** is used to stipulate the relative motion trajectory of the tool and the workpiece, the coordinate system of the machine tool, the coordinate plane, the tool compensation, the coordinate offset and other processing operations.

G00 Quick Point Positioning, G01 Linear Interpolation, G02 Clockwise Interpolation, G03 Counterclockwise Interpolation, G04 Pause.

Read-ahead control, cylindrical imputation, G08 read-ahead control, G09 Accurate Stop, G10 programmable data input.

G11 programmable data input, G15 polar cancellation, G16 polar command, G17 to select XY plane, G18 to select ZX plane, G19 to select YZ plane, G20 inch input, and more.

2. The auxiliary function M** is used to instruct the connection and shutdown of the auxiliary devices of the CNC machine tool, such as the spindle stop, the cutting fluid is turned off, the chuck is clamped and loosened, and the tool is replaced.

M00 program pause, M01 program selection stop, M02 program end, M03 spindle forward rotation, M04 spindle reversal, M05 spindle stop, M06 tool change, M08 cutting fluid on, M09 cutting fluid off, M98 call subroutine, etc.

Due to the different CNC systems configured on the CNC milling machine, there are certain differences in the definition and function of the instructions used, but their basic functions and programming methods are still the same. Next, I will tell you about the programming knowledge of CNC milling machine, I hope it will be helpful to you!

Point control function

CNC milling machine'Point control is mainly used for the drilling of workpieces, such as center drilling positioning, drilling, reaming, countersinking, reaming and boring and other various hole making operations.

Continuous control function

The planes and surfaces of the workpiece are milled by linear interpolation, circular interpolation or complex curve interpolation movements of CNC milling machines.

Tool radius compensation function

If you program directly according to the workpiece contour, when machining the workpiece inner contour, the actual contour will be increased by one tool radius value; When machining the outer contour of the workpiece, the actual contour line is one more tool radius value smaller. Using the method of tool radius compensation, the CNC system automatically calculates the tool center trajectory, so that the tool center deviates from the workpiece contour by one tool radius value, so as to process the contour that meets the requirements of the drawing.

Using the function of tool radius compensation, the amount of tool radius compensation can be changed, and the amount of tool wear and machining error can also be compensated, so as to realize the roughing and finishing of the workpiece.

Tool length compensation function

Changing the compensation amount of the tool length can compensate the length deviation value after the tool change, and can also change the plane position of the cutting process to control the axial positioning accuracy of the tool.

Fixed cycle machining function

The application of fixed-cycle machining instructions simplifies the machining program and reduces the programming effort.

Subroutine functions

If the workpiece is machined with the same or similar shape, it is written as a subroutine and called by the main program, so as to simplify the program structure. The function of the reference subprogram makes the processing program modular, and it is divided into several modules according to the process of the processing process, which is written into a subprogram respectively, and is called by the main program to complete the processing of the workpiece. This modular program facilitates machining and debugging and optimizes the machining process.

Flat machining

The milling plane of CNC machine tools can be divided into horizontal plane (xy) processing of the workpiece, positive plane (xz) processing of the workpiece and side plane (yz) processing of the workpiece. Such a flat milling process can be completed by using a two-axis semi-controlled CNC milling machine.

Surface machining

Fixtures

The general fixtures of CNC milling machines mainly include flat pliers, magnetic chucks and platen devices. If pneumatic and hydraulic fixtures are used, the automatic assembly of the workpiece can be realized through the program control fixture, which can further improve the work efficiency and reduce the labor intensity.

Knives

Commonly used milling cutters include end mills, face mills, profile mills, and holemaking cutters.

Square plate, in the middle of the processing of a diameter of 20 mm, groove depth of 2 mm of a round groove, the diameter of the tool 8 mm(Knife compensation is not taken into account).

Generally speaking, if you want to use a face mill to light the surface, then we will now use a face mill with a diameter of 50. There is no need to write a program for the glossy surface, I look at the size you marked, this semi-finished board should not be big: 25 25 8mm.

Tool selection: a diameter 12 two-flute rough milling cutter, a diameter 8 high-speed steel milling cutter (better if there is a fine boring cutter). o100；n1；diameter 12 two-flute milling cutter G54 G90 G0 X0 Y0; g43 z100.

h01 s700;m13;z3.; g01 z0 f200;m98 p101 l4;m09;g90 g0 g49 zo m19;m01;n2;High speed steel end mill with diameter 8 G54 G90 G0 X0 Y0; g43 z50. h02 s1000;m13;z0;g01 z-2.

f300;x5.;g02 i-6.;g01 x0;g90 g49 z0 m19;m01;m30;o101;g91 g01 f200;;g02 ;x0.

m99;Here's an explanation: First, I don't know if there is a tolerance requirement for this groove with a diameter of 20 you made, it stands to reason that there should be, so in the process of the first knife being roughened, I left a margin; Second, when the first knife goes to Z, you have to open the single-segment button, because the depth should not be required, and in addition to prepare for the finishing of the outer circle, so when going to the fourth segment of the sub-program, you should be: O101; g91 g01 f200;;g02 ;x0.

m99;Changed to: O101; g91 g01 f200;;g02 ;x0.;m99;That is, the depth is processed by 10 wires.

In addition, when you use an end mill with a diameter of 8mm for fine milling, I also theoretically believe that this tool is a real 8mm tool, but in the actual machining process, you have to change the depth value to the following: After the first tool trial processing is completed, measure it to see if it is within the tolerance range, for the sake of insurance, I also recommend that you use a caliper card again.