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1.Pedagogical purpose. The so-called teaching purpose refers to the final effect that the teacher wants to achieve in teaching.
Only when teachers have a clear purpose of teaching can they make "teaching" have a definite purpose and "learning" have a goal to follow. The purpose of teaching should be clear, specific and concise in the lesson plan. In general, 1 3 teaching objectives should be selected.
2.Teaching focus and difficulty. The key points and difficulties of teaching are the core of the whole teaching and the key to completing the teaching task. The key points and difficulties are clear, which is conducive to students to grasp the overall idea of teaching and facilitate students to cooperate with teachers to complete teaching tasks.
3.Teaching methods.
and pedagogical process design. Although there are many different teaching methods, the teaching method of each lesson must be determined according to the content of the teaching and the receptivity of the students. It is important for teachers to see how well they use their teaching methods skillfully.
The teaching process is also known as the teaching steps or teaching procedures, that is, the steps used to guide and regulate the classroom activities of the teacher. Only by arranging the teaching process can teachers successfully complete each teaching link in the classroom in an orderly manner.
Classroom introduction is an art, it is the link between teaching and learning, and it is a bridge for students to enter and master the teaching materials. Therefore, teachers should carefully design classroom introductions and skillfully introduce new lessons according to the determined teaching purpose and content, according to the psychology of students, so as to stimulate students' interest and enable students to devote themselves to classroom learning.
5.Teaching content. Teaching content is at the heart of classroom teaching, because the rest of the lesson preparation is at the service of it.
When writing a lesson plan, the teaching content must be written clearly step by step and in layer, and if necessary, the required time should be indicated after each part of the content. In this way, the content of the lecture can be carried out steadily according to the expected time, and there will be no situation where the first is loose and then the second is tight, or the first is tight and then the other is loose.
6.Training content. Practice is the link between the knowledge structure of the textbook and the cognitive structure of students, a way for students to combine the theoretical knowledge they have learned with practice, and a good way to feedback the classroom teaching effect in a timely manner.
7.Summaries and assignments. A good lesson plan should have a beginning and an end.
The summary is not only the conclusion of classroom teaching, but also an indispensable means to strengthen the focus of teaching. A good summary can be the finishing touch. Homework is an after-class exercise assigned by the teacher according to the teaching content, so that students can review, understand and digest the teaching content, and lay a solid foundation for learning the content of the next lesson.
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The primary school Chinese lesson plan is written as follows:
Literacy and writing instructional design.
1.Status. Literacy and writing are the foundation of reading and writing and are the focus of instruction in grades 1 2. Scientific education of Chinese characters according to the characteristics of Chinese characters and students' cognitive laws is the most basic part of fundamentally reforming Chinese teaching.
2.Literacy and Writing Curriculum Objectives.
The overall goal of literacy teaching in the nine-year compulsory education stage: "Learn Chinese Pinyin." Able to speak Mandarin. Recognize about 3,500 commonly used Chinese characters. Able to write Chinese characters correctly and neatly, and have a certain speed. ”
3.Content and methods of literacy instruction.
1) Pronunciation teaching.
strengthen the classification and comparison of homophones; Polyphonic words should be pronounced according to the meaning of the word; Use the phonetic side of the phonetic characters to help memorize the pronunciation of the characters.
2) Glyph teaching.
Pay attention to the comparison of similar words; Using the rules of Chinese character formation, students are guided to analyze, recognize and memorize glyphs.
3) Word meaning teaching.
Some of the most common methods used in the classroom are: using visual teaching aids to help students understand the meaning of words; Understand the meaning of words in connection with the actual life and understand the meaning of words in context.
The teaching of handwriting is an important part of Chinese teaching in primary schools.
4.Specific guidance on teaching handwriting.
1) Stimulate students' interest in writing.
2) Timely guidance to cultivate students' writing ability and improve the quality of writing.
Teachers instruct students to write to teach students how to write and how to do it. The following methods can be used:
Routine guidance. Routine instruction includes the essentials of sitting posture, pen holding posture, pen movement skills, and the structure of the character frame. Phased guidance. Regular guidance. General guidance.
3) Grasp the correct orientation, so that students can develop good writing habits and improve their writing quality.
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There are several aspects to consider when writing a language lesson plan:
1.Teaching Objectives: Clarify the teaching objectives of this lesson, including knowledge, ability, and emotion. For example, through the study of this lesson, students will be able to master a certain sentence structure and be able to use it flexibly in practical applications.
2.Textbook analysis: Carefully analyze the textbooks used to understand their characteristics, difficulties and key contents. Based on this information, determine what to cover in this lesson and how to organize the teaching process.
3.Preparation of teaching aids: Determine the required teaching aids and materials according to the selected teaching materials and teaching objectives, and prepare them accurately.
For example, if you want to cover an article in this lesson, you need to prepare a copy or electronic version of the article. If you want to study in a group, you need to prepare a group list, etc.
4.Teaching process: According to the teaching objectives, the analysis of teaching materials and the preparation of teaching aids, the detailed teaching process of this lesson is formulated. Including the introduction, introduction of new knowledge, consolidation exercises, expansion and extension and other links, the design should pay attention to the connection and fluency between the links.
5.Evaluation method: Clarify the methods and standards for evaluating the mastery of the content of this lesson.
The evaluation method can include classroom performance, homework completion, group cooperation effect and other aspects, and the evaluation criteria should correspond to the teaching objectives and have clear quantitative indicators.
6.Teaching Reflection: At the end of this lesson, conduct teaching reflection and summary. Review the teaching process of this lesson, analyze the strengths, weaknesses and problems, and formulate improvement measures.
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Establish teaching objectives: A complete lesson plan must have teaching objectives, and the so-called teaching objectives are what level you want to achieve in this lesson. It is important to think about this before writing a lesson plan, and then move on to the next step after establishing your goals.
Identify the key difficulties: The teaching focus is the goal that you must accomplish in this lesson, and the teaching difficulty is the goal that is relatively difficult to achieve but requires to be achieved. It is important to distinguish between these two points so that we can focus on them in our teaching process.
Design tutorial: Tutorial refers to how you introduce the content of this lesson, and there are various ways to guide the lesson, including exciting introduction method, direct introduction method, review old knowledge introduction method, etc. We can choose the introduction form that is suitable for the content of the text.
Teach new knowledge: Start teaching after introducing a new lesson! This is also the highlight of a good lesson, and we must design this part according to the content of the text and the characteristics of the students.
Summary: When the text is finished, we need to use a paragraph to summarize the content of this lesson, which is called a summary!
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According to the requirements of the curriculum standards and the characteristics of the teaching object, the Chinese teaching design arranges the elements of Chinese teaching in an orderly manner, and determines the assumption and plan of the appropriate teaching plan.
Generally, it includes teaching objectives, teaching difficulties, teaching methods, teaching steps and time allocation.
Instructional design has the following characteristics.
First, instructional design is the plan for translating teaching principles into instructional materials and instructional activities. Instructional design should follow the basic rules of the teaching process and select teaching objectives to solve the problem of what to teach.
Second, instructional design is a planning and decision-making activity to achieve teaching goals. Instructional design is a form of planning and layout arrangement, which makes creative decisions about how to achieve instructional goals and solves the problem of how to teach.
Third, instructional design is guided by a systems approach. Instructional design regards all elements of teaching as a system, analyzes teaching problems and needs, establishes a program outline for solutions, and optimizes the teaching effect.
Fourth, instructional design is a technological process that improves the efficiency and interest of learners in acquiring knowledge, skills, and interests. Instructional design is an integral part of educational technology, and its function lies in the use of a systematic approach to design the teaching process and make it an operational program.
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