Essay Question What are the main errors that occur in the process of circulating ancient books?

Answer]: a, b, c

In the first step, this question belongs to other (humanities and history) topics.

The second step, item A, "Heavenly Creations" is a comprehensive scientific and technological work in ancient China, written by Song Yingxing, a scientist of the Ming Dynasty, also known as "China's 17th century craft encyclopedia". Therefore, he was wrong, and he was elected;

B, Qi Min Yaoshu, written in the last years of the Northern Wei Dynasty, is a comprehensive agricultural work written by Jia Sixian, an outstanding Chinese agronomist, and one of the earliest monographs in the history of agriculture in the world. Xu Guangqi is the author of the "Complete Book of Agricultural Administration", which implements Xu Guangqi's idea of "agricultural administration" in governing the country and the people. Therefore, he was wrong, and he was elected;

C, "Treatise on Typhoid Fever and Miscellaneous Diseases" is one of the traditional Chinese medical works, and the author is Zhang Zhongjing of the Eastern Han Dynasty, not Sun Simiao Lusheng. Sun Simiao's masterpiece "Qianjin Yao Fang Qiao Hao Code", also known as "Prepare for Emergencies Qianjin Yao Fang" and "Qianjin Fang", is one of the classic works of Chinese medicine in ancient China, and is known as the earliest clinical encyclopedia in China. Therefore, he was wrong, and he was elected;

Hello, the significance of adopting an analytical and critical attitude towards the annotations of ancient books is to speak on behalf of the sages and integrate the horizon. Hope mine can help you!

Attitude is not meaning.

1. These old notes are all produced in China's long feudal society, and some of them have collapsed for nearly 2,000 years. These commentators inevitably have to be branded with feudal society, and their annotations on ancient books must be based on their own standpoints and ideological viewpoints, and naturally there will be many places in which feudal ideology and idealism are propagated, and even the ideological content of the original text is seriously distorted. For example, most of the poems collected in the "Book of Songs" are folk songs from various places in ancient times, and there are many poems about love and marriage, but most of the old notes in the "Book of Songs" distort these poems into poems that praise princes and nobles and promote feudal etiquette.

Of course, their explanations of some of the words in these poems also have some reference value.

2. The commentators of the past dynasties, some of them choose to be undefeated and chaotic, and often attach the disadvantages and disadvantages of different families together, such as Wang Bi of the Wei Dynasty to interpret "Zhou Yi", and Huang Kanshu of the Liang Dynasty "Analects", which is like this. Some of them are stubborn and conservative, and they stubbornly adhere to the "teacher's law" Tongkun tribe, and they dare not correct the falsehood, such as the Han and Tang Dynasty people's commentaries on the scriptures, which will inevitably reduce the scientific nature of the commentary.

3. The ancients lacked a scientific understanding of language and writing, and the interpretation of the meaning of words was often subjective and arbitrary, and far-fetched. Some commentators abuse the method of vocal training to explain words, which is a typical example of bad words. In addition, there are some commentators who do some unnecessary and cumbersome research, and some commentators in the Qing Dynasty have serious problems in this regard.

For example, Liu Baonan's "The Justice of the Analects" notes nearly 1,000 words on the first sentence of the "Analects", "learn and learn from time to time", which seems to be extremely detailed, but in fact does not care much about Meng's practical value.

When we read ancient books, we should not completely put aside the old notes and rely on them; Nor should you be superstitious about the old notes and be led by the nose by the ancients. The correct attitude should be not to erase the ancients, nor to be superstitious about the ancients, but to critically absorb and rent all the things that are useful to us in the old books and notes. Hope my anadactyle helps you!

Hello, because the more important ancient books are more difficult to understand, many people are not able to understand correctly and mislead others.

The role of ancient book annotations First, it can help us correctly understand ancient documents and classics. For example: Liu Ling is sick and thirsty.

The woman begged for wine. The woman donated wine and destroyed the vessel, and wept and admonished: "If you drink too much, it is not the way to take a living, and it must be cut off."

Liu Yiqing's "The World Speaks New Language, Ren Sheng") in this article, "sick wine" is also drunk. "Xiaoya Jienanshan": "Worry is like drunk."

Mao Chuan: "Sick and drunk." "Shuo Wen Jie Zi Youbu":

Drunk, sick wine also. I was drunk for a day. "It is said that waking up has both the meaning of being drunk and waking up.

Duan Yu cut the trip and scattered: "Xu has no awakening words, and there is some consciousness in the drunken laughter, that is, it is awake, so awakening is enough to do both." In this case, "sick wine" means to wake up drunk.

The Modern Chinese Dictionary and the Xinhua Dictionary both interpret "酲" as "drunk and delirious". Liu Ling woke up drunk, and begged for wine, so the town shirt and his wife refused, and wept to persuade him. And Zhu Dongrun's editor-in-chief "Selected Literary Works of Chinese Dynasties" The second volume of the first edition is:

Sick alcohol, drinking too much alcohol to cause illness. This is because of the misunderstanding caused by the negligence of the predecessors' precepts and the desire to learn from the truth. Second, it can improve our ability to distinguish between right and wrong reference books.

Is there anything else I need to know?

The work of annotating ancient books began on a large scale in the Han Dynasty. Many of the works of the pre-Qin dynasty could no longer be read by everyone in the Han Dynasty, so there was a need for annotations. The annotations of the Han people are mainly to explain the characters and famous objects, and this form is called "passing judgment digging note" or "note note".

Such as: Mao Heng's "Poetry and Teaching", Zheng Xuan's "Mao Poems", "Zhou Rite Note", "Ritual Note", "Rite Note", "Rite Note". Some annotations are mainly based on off-chapter analysis sentences, and the mu scum is called "chapter and sentence style".

For example, Zhao Qi's "Mencius Chapters and Sentences" and Wang Yi's "Chu Ci Chapters and Sentences" are all famous masterpieces, which have been preserved until modern times.

I think it's right to take a critical and learning attitude. From it, you can draw the nutrients of Zhixiang's rampant cracking. Learn about the culture of that era.

This is the attitude of criticism. If you want to expand, there is too much content like **. I can't do it in a month.

We can only simply say two split closed sentences.

Summary. Why give notes to ancient books.

When we read ancient books, we usually refer to the commentaries, which include the notes made by modern people in the vernacular, and the notes made by the ancients in classical Chinese. In comparison, the former is much less than the latter, and there are some ancient books (such as the pre-Qin works) that are so far away from our time that modern people cannot do without the old notes made by the Han and Tang dynasties. Therefore, to read ancient books, one must refer to the old notes of ancient books.

This lecture on "Commentaries on Ancient Books" mainly talks about how to read the old notes on ancient books.

As a researcher, why do you need to take an analytical and critical approach to the commentaries of ancient books?

Why do we need to give annotations to ancient booksWhen we read ancient books, we usually have to refer to the annotations of the old books, which have the annotations made by modern people in the vernacular, and the annotations made by the ancients in literary language. Comparatively, the former is much less than the latter, and there are some ancient books (such as the pre-Qin writings) that are too far away from our time for modern people to annotate them, and they are inseparable from the old notes of the Han Dynasty and the Tang Dynasty as auspicious and empty. Therefore, to read ancient books, one must refer to the old notes of ancient books.

This lecture on "Commentaries on Ancient Books" mainly talks about how to read the old notes on ancient books.

Analytical critical attitude.

Only ancient books are annotated. You will also be able to learn about the origins of ancient cultures. It can also dispel envy and understand the development process of Chinese civilization.

In this auspicious process, he adheres to an attitude of criticism and inheritance. to be able to face history. History.

Only then can we grasp the essence and essence of traditional culture.

The meaning of praise and self-recommendation.

That phoenix is holding the meaning.

So the answer to the first question is 4D

For the sake of time, let's think about the next questions for yourself.

Ancient China created a splendid culture, which needs to be seriously inherited and developed by future generations. However, due to the estrangement of the language and writing, people of today often encounter many difficulties in reading the works of their predecessors. Since the Han Dynasty, people have begun to annotate ancient books.

The annotations of ancient books are the bridge to read ancient documents and grasp the knowledge of ancient culture. Commentaries will better understand this, but it is also possible to misinterpret the meaning.

What are the differences in the usage of prepositions in ancient and modern Chinese? Give an example.

The ancient Chinese preposition "Yu" is equivalent to the modern Chinese preposition "in", "from" and "than". For example: 1. Shoot at home. - Yu Tong in Ouyang Xiu's ruler "Oil Seller", translated into modern Chinese "in".