The history of the third year of junior high school is urgent

1.Religion is a legitimate belief in a supernatural force and its organization and activities. A cult is an extreme belief in the deification of a living cult leader and its organization and activities that are seriously harmful to society.

Although the two are somewhat similar in terms of formal elements, doctrinal content, existential roots, objects of worship, and deified leaders, they can be transformed into each other under certain conditions; However, they are fundamentally different in terms of the object of worship, the effect of education, the pursuit of the goal, the social role, the role of the individual, the way of accepting disciples, the nature and structure of the doctrine, the rights and interests of believers, the "eschatology" viewpoint, the concept of family, and the psychological influence.

2.It reflects the level of road construction during the Roman Empire and the purpose for which it was built. It also reflects the strength of the Roman Empire. The roads of the provinces were connected to the capital of the empire. Very convenient for the control of the empire.

1.It broke the myth of the divine authority of the monarchy, negated the feudal hierarchy, stimulated the revolutionary enthusiasm of the French people, played a role in mobilizing and organizing the masses to participate in the anti-feudal struggle, and promoted the in-depth development of the Great Revolution.

2.Constitution of the People's Republic of China This is the first socialist type of constitution in our country, and it is also the constitution that truly reflects the interests of the people in the history of our country.

1.The Renaissance refers to an ideological and cultural movement that arose in Italian cities at the end of the 13th century, and later spread to Western European countries, and flourished in Europe in the 16th century, bringing a period of scientific and artistic revolution, opening the prelude to modern European history, and is considered to be the boundary between the Middle Ages and modern times.

2 Causes of Italian origin:

The germ of capitalism first arose in Italy, where the bourgeoisie wanted to break free from the shackles of ecclesiastical theology.

Italy has a large number of ancient Greek and Roman cultural classics.

In the 14th-16th centuries (Renaissance), Italy was full of talented people and gathered in one place.

3.Causes: Economic reasons (root causes): The development of the commodity economy, the germ of capitalism, requires capital, markets and raw materials, so it expands outward.

Social reasons: In order to obtain goods and goods from the East, the countries of Western Europe were eager to open up new shipping routes.

The immediate cause: Turkish expansion in the 15th century cut off the trade routes from Western Europe to the East (the Silk Road).

Objective reasons: the invention of the compass and the development of shipbuilding technology.

Ideological reasons: It was the Renaissance era, and humanism promoted a spirit of adventure and enterprise.

4.Columbus, reaching Western America.

Dias, arriving at the Cape of Good Hope, Africa.

Vasco da Gama, to Oriental India.

Magellan, circumnavigating the globe.

For the route, you can take a look at some ** on the Internet, which is inconvenient to describe here.

Notes on the book, pure hand-typed].

1. From the standpoint of Churchill at that time, as an old colonial empire, the countries that participated in the two world wars, especially after the Second World War, Britain's world hegemony has been lost, and the United States, which benefited from the two world wars, is unprecedentedly strong, so Churchill's statement is relatively correct, although the United States later as the "world policeman" status is very unhappy for all countries, but if there is no superpower of the United States, the world will be better! Hard! It cannot be denied that the United States is very hegemonic, but it also has its role, just like the Warring States Seven Heroes era, fighting every year, and then Qin swept the six countries to complete unification, which is relatively not a positive factor.

2. The era of the Cold War! Go and see the specific content yourself, I haven't read history for many years, haha!

Damn, which province are you from, you asked this when you were only in the third year of junior high school.

1.Churchill's words should not be right. First of all, "the future . . .

Responsibility" is not right. This is because everything the United States has done in the future, including striving for hegemony and establishing the Bretton Woods system, is to pursue world hegemony and safeguard its own interests, not to fulfill its responsibilities. The first half of the sentence should be correct.

2.Cold War policy of the United States and the Soviet Union. The creation of NATO with the Truman Doctrine (including the Marshall Plan).

3.The trend of multipolarization in the world has intensified. In addition to the Soviet Union, China, Japan, the European Union, and third world countries and members of the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) have become ASEAN, all of which are important centers of power in the world.

Therefore, the foreign policy of the United States should not only look at the Soviet Union, but also deal with other powers.

4.This is because the United States is committed to building a unipolar world and maintaining its hegemony.

Actively contribute to building a new pattern of world economy and politics.

During the Qin and Han dynasties, Mao Dundan, the outstanding leader of the Xiongnu, unified the Mongolian steppe for the first time and established the state.

The Xiongnu had a thriving animal husbandry; The smelting and casting industry has also developed; Under the influence of the Han people, the Xiongnu gradually had farming.

One: Mao Dunshan unified the northern steppe and unified the Xiongnu nation. Contribute to the national unity and territorial expansion of our country.

Second, the Xiongnu learned advanced technologies such as iron smelting in the Central Plains, which promoted its feudalization and accelerated the formation of a unified multi-ethnic state. Three:

The border between the Xiongnu and the Han nationality exchanged markets, which maintained national stability and promoted ethnic integration.

1 Territorial dispute between the Lestan Arabs and the Jews of IsraelFundamentally speaking, the Palestinian-Israeli conflict is a territorial dispute, a conflict of interests, and a conflict triggered by the two peoples in pursuit of their respective national interests.

2. The Fourth Middle East War and the Fifth Middle East War, 1. Reconciliation and mutual support;

2. Local autonomy and national independence;

3. Refine the partition and discrete it internally;

4. Fix boundaries and maintain national self-esteem;

5. Control religion and downplay ethnic conflicts;

6. Support authority and promote ethnic stability;

7. Strengthen economic exchanges and promote cultural exchanges with economic interests;

8. Strengthen the international status and dilute the local consciousness with the overall consciousness;

9. Strengthen military construction to unanimously transfer internal distinctions externally;

10. Strengthen the right of other ethnic groups to speak in the first place and to other ethnic groups, so that they must do things of ethnic exchanges in their own positions.

This is the question of the two river basins, the question of the independence of the Jews, and the question of Islam.

I only see the one on the map.

From August to December 1940, there was no doubt that it was the Battle of the Hundred Regiments.

Historical significance: The Battle of the Hundred Regiments was the largest battle in which the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army took the initiative to attack the Japanese army during the Anti-Japanese War. The Battle of the Hundred Regiments was a battle in which our army participated in the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression with the largest number of troops, the largest scale, the longest time, and the richest results. The victory in the Battle of the Hundred Regiments dealt a heavy blow to the arrogance of the Japanese invaders, inspired the Chinese people's will to resist the war, wrote a glorious page in the history of China's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, and also had a tremendous impact on the international community.