What are the principles of adjustment in exercise and what are the principles of safe movement?

There are only a few aspects of motor coordination.

Exercise should not cause pain, tiredness, tension in the chest, or difficulty breathing. If you have these symptoms, you should stop exercising immediately, most likely because your muscles are not used to exercising, or because your posture is not correct at first. At this time, it is necessary to check the posture of the body and read the instructions carefully.

If these exercises are still causing pain, you should consult a medical professional.

It is important to stop exercising when you feel unwell or when you are in physical pain. After suffering from epidemics, you should rest for at least 2 days before you can exercise.

If you feel very tired or have persistent muscle pain, or if your pulse doesn't get back to normal long after an exercise session, it's likely that you've been exercising too much. At this time, the next time you do exercise, you should make some adjustments.

If you do intense exercise every day, you are likely to suffer sports injuries – as long as you exercise 3 to 5 times a week, it is enough to maintain your body's proportion.

Wear light and comfortable clothing that allows your body to breathe freely. Rhythms and tights are not required. The lining of the sportswear can be taken off during or after exercise.

Shoes should be non-slip and have soft insoles and comfortable and proper heels, especially when doing aerobic exercises, do not do cardio barefoot.

When exercising, the indoor temperature should not be too cold or too hot. Make sure there are no obstructions in the room, no bump-prone floors, or floors that are too slippery. If you have a 4-5-year-old child, remember to pay attention to what your child is doing when exercising.

You can exercise with him or let him play with toys on the side.

After giving birth, many women experience discomfort in their tail vertebrae. If you wish, you can lie on a blanket, towel or exercise mat while exercising, for example, when doing an upward or downward movement.

When you feel pain, you should stop exercising.

When exercising, slowly increase and slowly stop.

Don't exercise within 2 hours of eating a full meal.

3. Select [D] for all answers

The locomotor organ cannot be regarded as dominant, because it is controlled, so a cannot be chosen.

There are three major regulations in the human body: neuromodulation, humoral regulation (mainly hormone regulation), and immune regulation.

Whereas, immune regulation in exercise does not require full involvement, while the nervous system and hormones do. For example, when you run a long distance, your blood sugar is not enough, glucagon will increase the secretion, so that you can have more blood sugar and have energy to run, and when you run, it is your brain that controls your thighs through the nervous system to exercise!

dBecause the nervous and secretory systems work together to regulate the human body, the two cannot be separated.

Hypothalamus? I don't know.

2 The essence is the activation of the sodium pump, inactivation and resurrection.

a Effective refractory period = absolute refractory period + local reaction period.

b Relative refractory period.

c Ultra-long-term.

The changes in the function of the circulatory system during exercise are mainly manifested in three aspects: (1) Changes in cardiac output During exercise, the heart fully mobilizes the heart rate reserve and stroke volume reserve to increase cardiac output. Compared with resting time, heart rate and stroke volume increase substantially, and cardiac output can increase by 4 to 5 times in the average person and 7 to 8 times in athletes.

The regulatory mechanism of this change is mainly achieved through the sympathetic-adrenal system. During exercise, the sympathetic nervous tension is strengthened, and the adrenal medulla secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine, which work together to greatly improve the contractility of cardiomyocytes, thereby increasing the heart rate, increasing stroke volume, and significantly enhancing the heart pump function. In addition, the squeezing effect of breathing and skeletal muscles during exercise is also conducive to blood return, and the function of the heart pump will be enhanced through the heterometric self-regulation mechanism.

2) Redistribution of blood During exercise, cardiac output increases, but the increased cardiac output is not evenly distributed to all organs of the body, the blood flow of the muscles and heart of exercise increases significantly, the blood flow of the muscles and internal organs of the inactive organs decreases, and the blood flow of ** decreases first and then increases, this phenomenon is called blood redistribution. The mechanism of blood redistribution is as follows: the sympathetic vasomotor nerve of skeletal muscle is excited during exercise, and the vasoconstrictor nerve of internal organs is excited, resulting in the redistribution of blood flow resistance, most of the blood flows to skeletal muscle, and the blood flow of internal organs does not increase but decreases; At the same time, the humoral factor secreted during exercise - adrenaline, has different effects on the blood vessels in different parts of the human body, it can make the skeletal muscle vasodilation, **, visceral blood vessels constriction, so as to further realize the redistribution of blood.

As for the increase in blood flow in the heart, it is related to the vasodilation caused by the aggregation of local metabolites and the regulatory effect of cardiovascular regulatory peptides secreted by the heart itself. (3) Changes in arterial blood pressure During exercise, changes in arterial blood pressure are related to the way of exercise. During dynamic exercise, due to the increase in cardiac output, the motor muscle vasodilation and the splanchnic vasoconstriction do not change much in the total peripheral resistance, so the change in blood pressure is manifested as a significant increase in systolic blood pressure and little change in diastolic blood pressure.

However, during static exercise, arterial blood pressure increases, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure increase in parallel due to the small increase in cardiac output, and the continuous contraction of muscles compressing blood vessels, and the contraction of abdominal splanchnic blood vessels, which increases the total peripheral resistance.

In this paper, hemodynamic parameters were used to test the blood circulation function in different populations, and the blood circulation function was comprehensively evaluated. Studies have compared to the average person during and after exercise, carrier blood viscosity, left ventricular effective pumping force, total blood volume, and active emptying coefficient have.