What are the types of refractive surgery? Introduction to intraocular refractive surgery

Types of refractive surgery: corneal refractive surgery, intraocular refractive surgery, scleral refractive surgery. Want to have myopia surgery for fear of sequelae?

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There are certain requirements for myopia eye surgery, and it is necessary to meet the requirements in order to perform safe laser surgery, which are as follows:

1. Exclude active ocular disease: there can be no systemic diseases, such as diabetes mellitus and immunosuppression, and surgery is not recommended for these patients.

2. The expectation of surgery is too high: the operation should be cautious, and the age should not be too young, generally required to be over 18 years old, and the refractive state should be stable in the past two years, that is, the annual degree change can be within 50 degrees.

3. There are requirements for the degree of prescription: different laser surgeries require different degrees of myopia, lamellar corneal surgery generally cannot exceed 1200 degrees, femtosecond laser surgery cannot exceed 1000 degrees, and superficial surgery generally does not exceed 800 degrees.

3. There are requirements for the thickness of the cornea: after the cornea is removed, the thickness of the remaining corneal stromal layer should be at least 250mm, and it is recommended to be more than 280mm.

4. Pupil diameter: For example, the value in dark light and low light, if the pupil diameter is too large, it may cause astigmatism after surgery, resulting in poor night vision. Myopic eyes don't want glasses?

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Refractive surgery is currently divided into the following two main categories:

1. Cornea-related refractive surgery: including superficial surgery and lamellar surgery, of which superficial surgery is mainly EK surgery and TransPRK surgery as the mainstream surgery, that is, all-laser surface cutting surgery; Lalamellar surgeries include LASIK surgery, femtosecond surgery, and femtosecond laser surgery.

2. Lens-related refractive surgery: including posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation surgery with phakic eye and transparent lens removal plus intraocular lens implantation surgery, such as trifocal intraocular lens implantation to correct medium and high myopia and medium and high hyperopia.

For specific conditions, you can go to a professional eye hospital for examination first.

1. Pay attention to the time you spend with your eyes.

Children's eye development is not perfect, the ability to work is low, every time you read or write for an hour, you should let the child go to outdoor activities, do games, look into the distance, or observe the flowers and trees, so that the tense eye muscles are relaxed, eliminate fatigue. In addition, it is necessary to make the child's life regular, have enough sleep, and let the eyes get enough rest.

2. Pay attention to the light of your eyes.

Do not allow your child to read or write in dark light or sunlight. If a 25-watt light bulb is used indoors at night, the distance between the book and the bulb should be within 1 meter. If you use a 60-watt bulb on a stool, the distance between the book and the bulb should be 1 2 meters.

Cloudy days, dusk, weak light in the moonlight, and strong light in the sun are not suitable for reading and writing. When watching TV, it is necessary to maintain a suitable distance, which should generally be 5 7 times the diagonal length of the phosphor screen. The time to watch TV should not exceed 2 hours at a time.

3. Pay attention to eye exercise.

Physical exercise can enhance blood circulation and metabolism, supply more nutrients to the eyes, and enhance the resistance of the eyes, which is an indirect exercise for the eyes. The direct exercise is eye exercises, which is based on the massage, massage, acupuncture and acupuncture acupuncture points of Chinese medicine, combined with jujube Kuanhui medical sports, which is a scientific method to protect eyesight. Parents should learn the basic knowledge of eye exercises, give specific guidance and often urge their children to do eye exercises, and persevere.

4. Pay attention to eye nutrition.

In order to protect children's eyes, children can eat more carrots, animal liver, lean meat, to supplement vitamin A, or regularly supplement the comprehensive nutrition of the eyes with Leyan vision nutrients, and at the same time, it is also necessary to appropriately consume millet, tofu, animal liver and other supplements of vitamin B2, so as to avoid night blindness, corneal malacia, red eyes, dry itching and other symptoms. Eating too much sugar will harm your child's eyesight, so your child's sugar intake should be controlled.

5. Pay attention to regular inspections.

Regular check-ups are due to the fact that children's eye structure, binocular visual function, and intelligence are still in the process of continuous development after birth, and the content of the examination is different at different ages. The usual age of ophthalmologic examination is generally 2-7 days after birth, 42 days after birth, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year of age, and then once a year. In this way, the problem can be detected early and corrected early, instead of waiting until the vision has deteriorated and there is a vision problem before going for a check-up.

Many patients with refractive errors, especially those with myopia, are eager to remove their glasses and get rid of the inconvenience and annoyance of wearing glasses. However, due to the lack of understanding of refractive surgery, I am worried and even have some misunderstandings, and I can't make up my mind. As the most common excimer laser corneal refractive surgery in the world, after nearly 20 years of development, the technology has become more and more perfect, and its safety and efficacy have been fully affirmed, which is mainly reflected in the wider range of adaptation and the diversification of surgical methods.

So how to choose the right surgical method? In fact, each surgical method has its own characteristics and the best suitable population and scope, so it is necessary to have a detailed and comprehensive eye examination before surgery, and the doctor will conduct a comprehensive evaluation based on the results of the examination to determine the most suitable surgical method for you. You should choose the right surgical method according to the following aspects:

the nature of their work and their visual requirements; myopia, astigmatism; Ocular conditions: such as corneal thickness, pupil size in low light, and fundus retinal quality; their own financial ability, etc. At present, the refractive surgery methods carried out by our center are:

1. Conventional LASIK surgery: It has the characteristics of fast recovery, safety, stability, good performance, and economic cost. However, it is limited by the thickness of the cornea.

2. Ultra-thin LASIK surgery: fast recovery, less trauma and safer. Using the latest technology, the corneal flap is thinner (90um), which can retain more corneal thickness, and the postoperative vision recovery and visual quality are better, and the safety is better than that of conventional LASIK.

It has a wide range of adaptation, and it is also the best choice for patients with thin corneas and high myopia. 3. Wavefront aberration-guided individualized cutting (WG-LASIK) surgery: improve night vision and better visual qualityThe whole surgical area adopts wavefront aberration-guided cutting, which can maintain the normal shape of the cornea to the greatest extent, make the cornea more flat and smooth, reduce irregular astigmatism and spherical aberration caused by surgery, and help improve visual quality and night vision.

4. Lasek & Epi-Lasik: Surgery: If the corneal thickness is found to be less than 500 microns in the preoperative examination, or the corneal thickness is normal but the myopia is high, you should choose the corneal resurfacing technique.

In addition, for special occupations with strong adversarial sports, it is recommended to choose surface cutting surgery. 5. ICL phakic intraocular lens implantation is the most ideal method for correcting ultra-high myopia and farsightedness by implanting ICL intraocular lens into the eye through a tiny incision. It is especially suitable for eyes with high myopia above 1200 degrees.

The advantages of this surgery: safe operation, fast recovery of vision, visual excellence, reversible surgery, can be removed at any time, and does not change the structure and shape of the eyeball tissue.

The main refractive surgeries include: Liberator Shot Keratotomy (RK), Excimer Laser Optical Keratomine Resection (PRK), Excimer Laser Implantation in Situ Keratomileus Insertion (LASIK), Excimer Laser Subepithelial Cutting (LASEK), etc.

Age 18 50 years old, myopia within 2000 degrees, astigmatism within 600 degrees, no active eye disease in the eyes, no systemic diseases in the body, and stable myopia in the past two years.

1. Severe dry eye syndrome. 2. People with keratoconus or keratoconus tendency. 3. Patients with unstable diopter and severe amblyopia.

4. Severe corneal disease, viral keratitis. 5. Patients with hyperthyroidism, proptosis, and incomplete eyelid closure. 6. Uncontrolled glaucoma.

1. Laser surgery is not suitable for monocular patients. 2. Those who are under 18 years old and have unstable diopters. 3. The diameter of the pupil is greater than the cutting diameter in dark light.

4. Pregnant women and postpartum lactation. 5. Mild to moderate dry eye syndrome. 6. Diabetic patients are not allowed to do it.

Hello, generally speaking, people over the age of 18 who need to take off the lens, have a stable refractive power in the past two years, no contraindications to eye surgery, no systemic diseases and scar constitution, myopia below 1200 degrees, hyperopia below 600 degrees, astigmatism below 600 degrees, suitable corneal thickness, good psychological quality, myopia above 1200 degrees can be considered for lens implantation surgery.

Contraindications to surgery:1Active inflammatory lesions of the eye, acute conjunctivitis, blepharitis, keratitis, iriophalisis.

2.Patients with keratoconus, exposed keratopathy, moderate to severe dry eye syndrome.

3.Patients with scarring constitution and autoimmune diseases.

4.Hyperplasineural diabetic retinopathy.

5.Those who have extremely high requirements for vision and great mental concerns.

Presbyopia is also not suitable for surgery.

Presbyopia is caused by the attenuation of the regulatory power of aging, even temporarily, but also due to the progression of age**.

Intraocular refractive surgery is performed on the lens and anterior chamber to change the refractive blindness of the eye. According to whether the lens is retained during surgery, it is divided into two categories: one type of lens removal, such as cataract removal with intraocular lens implantation, transparent lens removal with intraocular lens implantation; The other type does not remove the lens, such as iris-supported intraocular lenses, anterior chamber intraocular lenses, anterior lens contact lenses, etc.