China s energy situation and utilization

The current situation of China's energy is as follows:

China is currently the world's second largest energy producer and consumer. The continuous growth of energy has provided important support for economic and social development. The rapid growth of energy consumption has created a broad space for the development of the world energy market.

The country has become an indispensable and important part of the world energy market and is playing an increasingly important and positive role in maintaining global energy security.

Guided by the scientific outlook on development, China is accelerating the development of the modern energy industry, adhering to the basic national policy of saving resources and protecting the environment, putting the construction of a resource-saving and environment-friendly society in a prominent position in the development strategy of industrialization and modernization, striving to enhance the capacity for sustainable development, building an innovative country, and continuing to make greater contributions to the development and prosperity of the world economy.

After decades of efforts, China has initially formed an energy pattern with coal as the main body, electricity as the center, and comprehensive development of oil and gas and renewable energy, and has basically established a relatively complete energy system.

China's energy resources have the following characteristics:

1. The total amount of energy resources is relatively abundant.

China has abundant fossil energy resources. Among them, coal dominates. In 2006, coal reserves were 1,034.5 billion tons, and the remaining proven recoverable reserves accounted for about 13% of the world's total, ranking third in the world.

The proven reserves of oil and natural gas resources are relatively insufficient, and the reserves of unconventional fossil energy such as oil shale and coalbed methane have great potential.

China has abundant renewable energy resources. The theoretical reserves of hydropower resources are equivalent to trillions of kilowatt-hours of annual power generation, and the annual power generation capacity of economic development is about one trillion kilowatt-hours, which is equivalent to 12% of the world's hydropower resources and ranks first in the world.

2. The per capita possession of energy resources is low.

Chinese have a large population, and the per capita energy resource possession is at a low level in the world. The per capita possession of coal and hydropower resources is equivalent to 50 per cent of the world average, and the per capita resources of oil and natural gas are only about 1.15 of the world average. Arable land resources are less than 30% of the world's per capita level, and the development of biomass energy is restricted.

3. The distribution of energy resources is uneven.

China's energy resources are widely distributed but uneven. Coal resources are mainly found in North China and Northwest China, hydropower resources are mainly distributed in Southwest China, and oil and natural gas resources are mainly found in the eastern, central and western regions and sea areas.

China's main energy consumption areas are concentrated in the economically developed areas of the southeast coast, and there are obvious differences between resource endowment and energy consumption regions. Large-scale and long-distance transportation of coal from the north to the south, oil from the north to the south, gas transmission from the west to the east, and electricity transmission from the west to the east are the salient characteristics of China's energy flow and the basic pattern of energy transportation.

China's energy resources are limited, conventional energy resources only account for 10 percent of the total number of world reputations, and the per capita energy resources are far below the world level: in 2000, China's per capita recoverable oil reserves were only 1 ton, per capita natural gas recoverable reserves were 1,262 cubic meters, and per capita coal recoverable reserves were 140 tons, which were 10 percent and 10 percent of the world average. China has become a major energy producer and consumer in the world.

In 2004, China overtook Russia to become the world's second-largest energy producer and the world's second-largest energy consumer.

At present, the energy used in China is mainly coal. In 2005, coal, oil, natural gas, hydropower, and nuclear power accounted for 10 percent of China's primary energy consumption. China is also the world's largest coal consumer, accounting for 10% of the world's total consumption in 2005.

The main reasons for this gap are outdated equipment, outdated processes, coupled with poor management and a lot of waste. Therefore, China should continuously improve the effective utilization rate of energy, not only pay attention to the transformation of technology, improve the process, but also pay attention to strengthening energy management, improve the energy system.

Energy efficiency is a comprehensive index to measure the technical level and economy of energy utilization. Through the analysis of energy efficiency, it can help to improve the process and equipment of the enterprise, tap the potential of energy saving, and improve the economic effect of energy utilization.

Energy efficiency refers to the degree to which the energy contained in an energy source is used efficiently. It is usually expressed in terms of , and its formula is as follows:

Efficient use of energy Supply Energy) x 100% = (1 - Lost Energy Supply Energy) x 100%.

Different methods of calculating energy efficiency vary from object to object.

At present, China's energy supply capacity continues to improve, and energy supply and demand are generally stable and orderly.

From the perspective of coal, domestic coal is guaranteed. From January to April, the national coal output was 100 million tons, a year-on-year increase, which can ensure the rational demand for coal; In the next step, 300 million tons of coal production capacity will be added through measures such as nuclear capacity increase, expansion and new production, and the first-class capacity will be further enhanced.

From the perspective of electric power, as of the end of April, the installed capacity of landslide power in the country reached 100 million kilowatts, and it is expected to increase to 100 million kilowatts during the peak summer. At present, the coal storage of power plants nationwide has reached more than 100 million tons, an increase of nearly 50 million tons year-on-year, and the number of available days is 31 days. The national power peak summer is stable and orderly** guaranteed.

From the perspective of oil and gas, at present, the refined oil inventory of China's major oil and gas enterprises maintains a high level of operation, and the storage of natural gas pipes and tanks is at a high level, which can effectively guarantee demand.

The outlook is as follows

As the macro economy began to pick up in the fourth quarter of 2012, and under the influence of multiple factors such as domestic and foreign monetary policy easing, corporate replenishment, etc., industrial production will stabilize in the future, which will boost energy demand.

It is expected that in the first half of 2013, the national energy demand will remain in a certain relaxed state, but with the stabilization of the economy to consolidate the foundation, especially the acceleration of the urbanization process, from the second half of the year, such as, coal, electricity and oil and gas and other major energy products consumption will be rapid growth again, then the national energy supply and demand situation will still return to the previous tight state.