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Guo Moruo's drama "Cai Wenji" is based on the story of Wenji's return to Han.

Cai Wenji, whose name is Yan, is a female writer in the late Eastern Han Dynasty and the daughter of the writer Cai Yong. Cai Wenji was originally married to Wei Zhongdao, and returned home after her husband's death. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the world was in turmoil, and the Southern Xiongnu, who had originally surrendered to the Han Dynasty, took the opportunity to rebel, and Cai Wenji was taken captive by the Xiongnu and gave birth to two children.

After Cao Cao unified the north, he spent a lot of money to redeem Cai Wenji and marry Dong Ci.

Guo Moruo's drama "Cai Wenji" is based on the widely circulated story of Wenji's return to Han. It is reported that Cai Wenji has a volume of "Cai Wenji Collection", which has been lost, leaving only two "Poems of Grief and Indignation" and "Eighteen Beats of Hu Ji".

Synopsis of "Cai Wenji".

Cao Cao and Cai Wenji lived in the same era, and there are many connections between the two celebrities, so the two have always been a hot topic of attention. Album eggplant.

Some people believe that when Cao Cao was about to succeed in his hegemony, he did not hesitate to redeem Cai Wenji with gold and jade, and there must be unforgettable emotions between the two; Some people also believe that Cao Cao attaches great importance to love and righteousness, and redeeming Wen Ji is responsible for his old friend Cai Yong, who has a "friend of Guan Bao"; It is also said that Cao Cao was eloquent and strategic, and that he redeemed Wen Ji for the prosperity of the cultural cause of his "kingdom".

Mr. Guo Moruo, a cultural master, believes: "The greatness of Cao Cao can be seen from Cai Wenji's life. She was saved by Cao Cao.

The reason why he ransomed Wen Ji was not purely out of personal feelings. "This book starts from some issues that people are concerned about, and tries to solve this mystery on the basis of basic historical facts.

The modern drama "Cai Wenji" is a historical drama created by Mr. Guo Moruo for the Beijing People's Art Theater, which depicts the ups and downs of Cai Wenji, a talented woman in the late Eastern Han Dynasty and the Three Kingdoms period.

In 1959, the famous director Mr. Jiao Juyin moved this play to the stage, and once it was unveiled, it became the most popular famous drama in the theater industry. In 1978, when Beijing Renyi re-staged the play with the original cast, the audience was so crowded that the south wall of the square collapsed.

In 2002, on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the establishment of the Beijing People's Art Institute, the theater launched a rehearsal version of "Cai Wenji" with Xu Fan, Pu Cunxin, Liang Guanhua and other powerful actors as the lineup, which also achieved great success.

Cai Wenji (year of birth and death unknown), name Yan, the word Wenji (a word Zhaoji). A native of Yuxian County, Chenliu County, a female writer in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, and the daughter of the writer Cai Shanyiyong.

Erudite and talented, good at literature, **, calligraphy. She was first married to Wei Zhongdao and returned home after her husband's death. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the Central Plains was in turmoil, and the Southern Xiongnu, who originally surrendered to the Han Dynasty, took the opportunity to rebel.

After Cao Cao unified the north, he spent a lot of money to redeem it and marry Dong Ci.

The Book of Sui and the Book of Records recorded a volume of "Cai Wenji's Collection", which has now been lost, and only two poems of "Poems of Grief and Indignation" and "Eighteen Beats of Hu Ji". The story of Wen Ji's return to Han has been widely circulated.

"Cai Wenji" is a five-act historical drama completed by Guo Moruo in 1959, telling the story of Cai Wenji, a talented woman more than 2,000 years ago, who was invited by Prime Minister Cao Cao to return to the Han Dynasty from the Southern Xiongnu to inherit the legacy of her father Cai Yong and continue to repair the Han book. In the same year, it was established by the Beijing People's Art Institute"The Big Four"One of Jiao Juyin moved onto the stage and became a famous drama.

The drama "Cai Wenji" can be seen from the poetry and distinctive personality of the characters reflected in the smoothness, harmony and completeness of the stage performance, as well as from the magnificent scenes of stage art design and the exquisite and beautiful costume production"Innovation"Spirit, that is, he absorbs the artistic techniques of traditional opera in order to realize the nationalization of drama, and appropriately integrates it into the artistic aesthetic pursuit of drama creation.

The second "Cai Wenji" was a success in the performance, both the performance and the director, allowing the audience to see the reproduction of the classic works of the year. However, due to the different times, the concept of drama has changed, and the increasingly updated stage technology has continued to develop, so that the mere memory of the classics can no longer satisfy the audience. Many young audiences do not understand the creative background of the play, cannot understand the connotation of the play, and cannot appreciate the milestone contribution made by director Jiao Juyin to the stage creation of the play.

And some older audiences use this rehearsal version of "Cai Wenji" to compare with the old version, feeling that there are very few changes, and the actors' skills are somewhat insufficient.

Cai Wenji is a representative work of Beijing Renyi, and it is also a successful work of Jiao Juyin's directorial art. In that year, the play combined the imported drama with the style of Chinese national drama for the first time, creating a precedent for Chinese national stylized drama. Its stage design was also bold and innovative at the time, with an expressionist aesthetic.

Today, although the presentation and feeling it can leave to the audience is somewhat outdated, its literary heritage and the connotation of directing performing arts are still the basic model like textbooks.

Why has Cai Wenji been brewing for 30 years?

Guo Moruo is a writing wizard, and his speed is astonishing. Thousands of words can be written in a morning, and they are written in a chapter, and there is basically no need to revise them. He has written more than ten historical dramas in his life, most of which can be completed in just a few days, "Peacock Gall" took five days, and "Qu Yuan" took a total of ten days.

In 1942, he also set a record of completing four historical dramas in one year: "Qu Yuan", "Tiger Fu", "Gao Gradually Leave", and "Peacock Gall". However, "Cai Wenji" has gone through a long 30 years from brewing writing to performance, and it has become the only creative weirdness in Guo Moruo's life.

In the early 20s of the last century, Guo Moruo brought the poetry collection "Goddess" to the world with a shocking rebellious image. The emancipation of the proletariat and the emancipation of women are the two fulcrums of his rebellious image. He aimed the spearhead of women's emancipation at the outdated moral concept of "obeying the father at home, following the husband when marrying, and obeying the son when the husband dies", and campaigned for the new morality of "not having to obey the father at home, not having to obey the husband when marrying, and not having to obey the son when the husband dies".

Guo Moruo chose Wang Zhaojun, Zhuo Wenjun and Cai Wenji as representatives of rebellious women, and planned to create a trilogy of "three non-compliances". In 1923, the historical drama "Zhuo Wenjun" came out, and in 1924, "Wang Zhaojun" was born, but "Cai Wenji" was delayed. Although "Nie Yan" was created in 1925, which was regarded as making up for the lack of the trilogy, people still looked forward to "Cai Wenji".

In July 1958, the famous actor Bai Yang went to Sweden with Guo Moruo to attend the World Conference on Disarmament and International Cooperation. In 1942, in Chongqing, the rear of the Anti-Japanese War, Bai Yang, Jin Shan, and Zhang Ruifang co-starred in the drama "Qu Yuan", which was full.

As an actor, it is a rare honor and enjoyment to be able to appear in Guo Lao's drama. However, Guo Moruo's answer made Bai Yang fall into a fog: "If it is time not to write, I must write!"

When is it time not to write? He hasn't released a new play in 15 years.