The Mariana Trench is more than 10,000 meters deep, what is the water temperature at that 10,000 met

The water temperature for 10,000 meters is 4 degrees.

The Mariana Trench is the deepest place on Earth, and so far only two manned submersibles have briefly reached the deepest part of the Mariana Trench。Little is known about the depths of the Mariana Trench, which is still liquid water at a depth of -11034 meters. Hollywood director David Cameron took part in the Deep Sea Challenger for two hours in 2012 before diving into the water.

In the depths of the Mariana Trench, the lowest temperature measured at that time was 4 ° C and the pressure was 1,100 Earth atmosphere. After that, Cameron assessed the depth of the Mariana Trench as the closest place on Earth to another planet.

In fact, the temperature of the Mariana Trench is severely polarized。Around the low temperature of 4°C, there may be undersea hot springs of 300°C to 400°C. After all, it is the deepest place on Earth, and those near the black chimneys are formed by underwater volcanoes.

The temperature is well above the 4°C measured by Cameron, but the Mariana Trench is usually in the shade. Liquid water at normal atmospheric pressure turns into water vapor at 100°C, and at 1,100 atmospheres, the seawater around an undersea volcano is a mixture of liquid water and water vapor. Currently, it is assumed that the origin of life began there.

There is a theory that life on Earth was born there, similar to the depths of the Mariana Trench, and that hydrogen sulfide and sulfate were brought in from the interior of the ocean. The earth is inhabited by volcanoes at the bottom of the sea. The Mariana Trench is the deepest known ocean depth in the world, at over 11,000 meters.

Only the United States has the ability to dive people into this depth. Other countries use unmanned diving robots at most. Below this depth, no more than ten countries can conduct deep-sea research.

China's deep-sea research manned dives have a maximum depth of more than 7,000 meters and less than 8,000 meters, and deep-sea diving robots can dive to nearly 11,000 meters.

The water temperature in the deep sea is relatively low because there is no sunlight and no contact with heat sources, and because it is located in the deep sea, the ocean current will not turn the sea water up, so the water temperature is around zero.

The temperature of 10,000 meters of water depth is due to the sea area and the geographical location of the low place, and the water temperature is about two degrees higher, and they are not different.

The pressure of the sea water at a depth of more than 10,000 meters is very high, and the temperature is also very low, but the minimum is not below zero, because it freezes below zero, so it is two or three degrees.

The water at a depth of 10,000 meters has a very high pressure, and the material state is between the liquid state and the gaseous state, that is, the supercritical state of the water, and the temperature can reach more than 400.

At its deepest point, the Mariana Trench is more than 11,000 meters, making it the deepest seafloor in the world. Naturally, there is a corresponding pressure at the corresponding depth, and even more than 1,000 atmospheres in the deepest part of Marianas. The deep sea is very low and close to zero due to the inaccessibility of sunlight, and the deep sea water is close to but cannot reach zero due to the friction between the sea water and the seabed, as well as the heat transfer between the deep sea water and the surface water.

The temperature of the Mariana seafloor is severely polarized, as there may be 4 -400 hydrothermal vents around the low temperaturesBut in general, the seabed of Mariahaina is a cold and dark place, and the liquid water at normal atmospheric pressure at 100 is dissipated by water vapor, and at 1100 atmospheres, the seawater around the submarine volcano is in a mixed state of liquid water and water vapor, and the seawater will be heated and can easily exceed the critical temperature and become supercritical.

Water freezes at high atmospheric pressures, but the formation of the Mariana Trench is related to the impact of continental plates, which leads to strong volcanic eruptions in this area. Near the crater, the waters are in a state of "boiling" all year round due to the action of red-hot magma, and the temperature reaches a terrible 400 degrees Celsius.

Theoretically, water can become solid as long as the pressure is sufficient; The Mariana Trench is at its deepest point of 11,034 meters, and the water temperature is generally around 4, and the water pressure is more than 1,000 times the standard atmospheric pressure, but this pressure is not enough to make the water solid.

The Mariana Trench is the deepest trench on Earth, and in 2012, Hollywood director James Cameron descended to the bottom of the ocean aboard the Deep Sea Challenge; At such depths, the pressure is as high as 10 8 pa (100 mpa), which is 1067 times the standard atmospheric pressure, that is, in the area of each square meter, it bears a weight of 10,000 tons, which is equivalent to the area of a fingernail.

At such a high pressure, the average distance between the molecules of liquid water is also affected, and the density of the water increases by about 5%, but it is still in a liquid state, because the density of liquid water is the highest at 4, so the deep sea water normally remains at about 4, except if there is a crater on the seabed.

For the ordinate 100kpa, which is roughly the value of the standard atmosphere, we can see that on this line, 0 below is solid, 0 100 is liquid, and above 100 is gaseous.

The pressure at the bottom of the Mariana Trench is as high as 100MPa, and the temperature is about 4, and we can see from the three-phase diagram that the water at this pressure and temperature is in a liquid state, and there is a bulge to the left of the solid-liquid dividing line, which means that when the temperature is slightly lower than 0, the water is also in a liquid state.

At the top of the three-phase diagram is the area of solid ice, and let's look at the temperature line of 0, which is the solid-liquid junction at the time.

That is, liquid water is kept at about 0, and when the pressure is applied, the water can become solid, and on the surface of the earth, such pressure requires a water depth of about 70,000 meters; If a planet has more gravitational acceleration, it will require less water depth.

The Mariana Trench is the deepest trench in the world, with most of the water depth above 8,000 meters, and the maximum depth is in the Fichaz Abyssal at 11,034 meters, which is the deepest point on Earth.

The Mariana Trench is deep, but stillLiquid, the water pressure is high and the temperature is low. Water is a liquid that is actually very difficult to compress, and even at this depth, the density of water only increases by 5%. When it comes to the deep sea, the temperature is basically stableAround 3 degrees CelsiusThe minimum temperature is also 1 degree Celsius, which will not fall below freezing.

The highest mountain in the world, Mount Everest, sits at the bottom of the Mariana Trench, and the summit cannot be exposed to the water. It is extremely difficult to explore the mysteries of the deep sea, and many mountaineers have already successfully conquered Mount Everest, but humans have not been able to descend into the depths of the trench in a submarine, and the bottom of the trench is as high as ever1100 atmThe huge water pressure is a huge challenge for humans. The deep sea is a high-pressure, pitch-black and icy world, with a typical temperature of 2.

But there are still some special marine creatures living in the deep sea. Some theories suggest that deep-sea trenches are formed mainly due to violent depressions in the earth's crust.

Divers have seen well-known shrimp, squid, octopus, spear squid and other large sea mammals in the waters of the Mariana Trench at a depth of 1,000 meters, schools of largemouth anglerfish at depths of 2,000 to 3,000 meters, and new species of fish with a size of only 18 centimeters in the water column below 8,000 meters. In the deepest part of the Mariana Trench, animals are rarely seen.

The deepest part of the Mariana Trench is still on the Earth's crust, because the average thickness of the earth's crust is about 17 km, of which the continental crust is larger, with an average of 33 km.

The temperature under the water gets deeper and lower, to a depth of about five or six degrees to a depth of 10,000 meters, but if there is a crater, the closer you are to an active crater, the higher the temperature will definitely be. Looking at the animal world, there are many small shrimp living in the crater.

I have watched a documentary on the Mariana Trench before, and I know that the temperature of his seabed should be around 4 degrees, because I saw that there are still small fish and shrimp active.

4 degrees. Water is densest at 4 degrees Celsius and has the smallest volume, and according to the theory of physics, the denser the liquid is, the lower the layer, so the temperature of the sea water gradually decreases from the surface down to 4 degrees Celsius, and the temperature becomes constant.

At a depth of 10,000 meters, the temperature will be very low, after all, the water pressure on the bottom of the sea is relatively large, about 4 degrees, but it may also be high due to geothermal heat.

Since the sun does not reach the bottom of the sea, the water temperature on the bottom of the sea is generally very ice. But because the water is fluid, it does not freeze.

It should be very cool, it should be sixty, seventy or forty degrees.

I think the water temperature is like this: the shallow water is hot when the sun is shining, and the deep water is geothermal and the temperature is not too low.

The density of the sea water is 11,000 meters of water pressure: p = water column pressure + water surface 1 = PGH + Pa is equivalent to about 1097 atmospheres.

When the water inside the pipe is not close to the water surface outside the pipe, the plastic sheet will not fall. This proves that the water has an upward pressure, giving the flakes a supporting force. Continue to add water until the water surface inside and outside the pipe is equal, and the downward pressure of the water column in the pipe is equal to the upward pressure on the outer sheet of the pipe, which falls due to the weight of the plastic sheet itself.

The downward pressure on the bottom sheet of the cylinder is the weight of the water column in the cylinder, and the upward pressure is the weight of the water excluded by the cylinder. The same is true if the glass tube is placed at an angle. That is, the pressure of the water is upward, and there is pressure on all sides.

Density of sea water.

Water pressure at a depth of 11,000 meters:

p = water column pressure + water surface pressure 1 atmosphere.

PGH+PA.

This is equivalent to about 1097 atmospheres.

p = water column pressure + water surface pressure 1 atmosphere.

PGH+PA.

This is equivalent to about 1097 atmospheres.

The Mariana Trench is 10,000 meters deep, where water temperatures can reach more than 400 degrees. The Mariana Trench is the deepest trench in the world, and the corresponding water pressure will vary depending on the depth. The water pressure in the deepest part of the Mariana Trench reaches more than 1,000 atmospheres, and the temperature of the deep sea is very low because there is no sunlight, and due to the friction between the sea water and the seabed, as well as the heat exchange between the deep sea water and the surface seawater, the temperature of the deep sea is very low, but it does not reach zero, but is close to zero.

The deep waters of the Mariana Trench are extremely hot, such as 300-400 degrees Celsius in a low temperature of 4 degrees, so the deepest part of the Mariana Trench is a cold and dark place. When the air pressure is normal and the temperature of the seawater is 100 degrees Celsius, the temperature of the seabed will evaporate with the water vapor. However, at more than 1,000 air pressures, the seawater around the submarine volcano is in a mixed state of liquid and water vapor, so when the seawater is heated, it can easily change to a critical state, that is, a supercritical state.

The Mariana Trench is actually due to the impact of continental plates. This is because when continental plates collide, they cause non-stop volcanic eruptions in the oceans. As for the area near the crater, the sea water here is at a temperature of more than 400 degrees Celsius for a long time due to the eruption.

Therefore, in the depths of the Mariana Trench, the temperature and variation of the sea water will vary depending on the depth. Depending on the sea area and geographical location of the Mariana Trench, the sea temperature is about two degrees Celsius at the shallowest point of the trench, and the temperature reaches more than 400 degrees Celsius at the deepest part of the trench due to the influence of volcanoes.

In the middle of the sea, the temperature is relatively constant, but the temperature at the shallowest point and the temperature at the deepest point will be unbalanced due to the volcanic eruption.

At a depth of 10,000 meters, the temperature of the water can reach about 400°C. Because the water pressure in the depths of the Mariana Trench can reach more than 1,000, and the terrain here is more complex, the deeper the water is, the closer it is to the temperature of the volcano, and the temperature of the water is naturally higher and higher.

The Mariana Trench is the deepest seabed on earth, and because sunlight cannot reach it, the temperature is very low, with an average water temperature of about 2 degrees Celsius throughout the year, while near the submarine crater, the sea temperature can reach more than 400 degrees due to the action of hot magma.

Temperatures can reach more than 400 °C. Because the water at a depth of 10,000 meters is in a supercritical state of water, and the temperature is very high.