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First, the timely elimination of older laying hens. During the laying process, laying hens secrete calcium carbonate in the uterine glands.
However, with the aging of laying hens, a certain amount of fat will be precipitated in the uterine gland of the hen, which will affect the secretion of the gland and make the eggshell thinner, so the older chickens should be eliminated in time.
2. Reduce the temperature. Environmental factors that affect eggshell quality include light, temperature, and other factors. In the case of high temperatures, the chicken's breathing speed increases, and carbon dioxide is expelled.
This increases the concentration of carbonic acid in the blood, which in turn leads to a thinner eggshell.
3. Supplement minerals. Eggshell contains more minerals, and eggshell softening has a lot to do with the lack of minerals, and timely mineral supplementation is also an effective way to effectively solve this problem.
Fourth, disease prevention. Infectious laryngotracheitis, Escherichia coli, Newcastle disease.
and so on will cause the secretion of uterine glands disorders, affecting the appearance of soft eggs in laying hens, the appearance of diseases, should be timely **, fundamentally solve this problem.
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The causes and workarounds are as follows:
1. Calcium deficiency: laying hens need a lot of calcium to form eggshells, and calcium deficiency in the diet will produce thin-shelled eggs or soft eggs. 1 chicken eats 50 grams to 70 grams of feed per day, and the utilization rate of calcium in the feed is only 60%, and the calcium in the feed alone is not enough.
Therefore, 3%-4% shell powder should be added to the chicken compound feed to supplement the deficiency.
2. Lack of vitamin D: Even if the calcium and phosphorus in the diet are sufficient, it will cause obstacles in the absorption and metabolism of calcium and phosphorus, resulting in small eggs, deformed, thin and soft shells, and decreased egg production and hatchability. Therefore, the most economical and effective way to obtain vitamin D is to let the chickens bask in the sun, so that the 7-deoxycholesterol contained in ** and feathers is converted into vitamin D3 after ultraviolet radiation and is absorbed and utilized.
Vitamin D3 is generally added to the diet during production. Satisfactory results can be obtained with cod liver oil as a dietary vitamin D supplement and vitamin D deficiency medication**.
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1. Feeding glucose and calcium can immediately improve the formation of eggshells, and the egg production will return to normal. The feed is supplemented with some calcium-rich mineral feeds, such as eggshell meal, shell grain, bone meal, calcium carbonate powder, etc. and improve the mix ratio of feed.
Correct amount of calcium: before laying, at the beginning of laying, during high production and breeders; In summer, due to the high temperature and less food, the calcium content of the feed should be increased to 4%. In the morning and evening, to let the laying hens get sunlight, you can add strong cod liver oil to the feed to promote the body's absorption of calcium.
2. If there is a chicken disease, the disease should be regulated first, and then a series of egg enhancement measures should be taken.
3. You can use quick supplement 21 drinking water or mixing to improve the nutrient concentration of feed and achieve the purpose of nutritional balance.
4. Prevention and treatment of salpingitis diseases, salpingitis drugs.
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Abnormal eggs (deformed eggs) laid by chickens include soft-shelled eggs, non-shell eggs, non-yolk eggs, double-shell eggs, double yolk eggs, etc., with soft-shell eggs and shellless eggs being the most common. Under normal circumstances, i.e. when nutrients are adequate (especially minerals), layers should not lay soft-skinned or thin-shelled eggs. The reasons why chickens lay soft eggs, that is, shellless eggs, are:
First, there is a shortage of minerals used in the manufacture of eggshells in the feed, mainly calcium and vitamin D; The second is that the eggshell gland function is abnormal and cannot secrete enough chitinin to form an eggshell; The third is that the eggshell of the egg has been prematurely produced before it is formed; Fourth, chickens are sick. Such as Escherichia coli and other causes salpingitis and causes soft eggs.
In summer, if the hens are not fed baking soda, soft eggs can also be caused. The feed of laying hens should contain sufficient amounts of shell meal, dicalcium phosphate, limestone, bone meal or eggshell meal. At the same time, chickens should be allowed to spend more time in the sun and exercise more to promote calcium absorption and digestion.
In addition, insufficient exercise, insufficient drinking water, fright, intestinal inflammation and so on can affect calcium absorption, although there is enough calcium in the feed, still produce soft or thin eggs. Therefore, calcium-rich mineral feed should be added to the feed, and a small amount of cod liver oil should be added to supplement vitamin D; Let the hens bask in the sun to promote the body's absorption of calcium; Regular administration of antimicrobial drugs to prevent E. coli and salmonella infections; Anti-yolk-free eggs: intestinal parasites should be repellent regularly; Anti-bivalve eggs:
Care should be taken to keep the environment where hens lay eggs quietly to prevent cold.
In addition, the lack of sand in the feed is also an important reason for chickens to lay soft eggs. Sand grains can not only promote the absorption of calcium, thicken the egg skin, at the same time, sand grains can also grind food, shells and trace elements into milky form, and promote absorption, promote the growth of chickens, do not lay soft eggs, and produce more eggs. Not only laying hens need grit, but broilers also need grit.
In general, after 7 days of additional sand feeding, the eggshell is relatively hard. According to the test, the weight of each 100 eggshells after 7 days of feeding large sand grains is 170 250 grams heavier than before feeding sand grains. At the same time, it can reduce the crude protein in the feces by about 50% and improve the utilization of feed.
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Thin-shelled eggs.
Influence of physiological factors.
1. Continuous egg production: hens continue to lay eggs for a long time, which is easy to lead to the decline of physiological functions, often making the eggshell thinner or laying soft-shell eggs. Therefore, improve the quality of feed, increase animal protein feed, and often bask in the sun, strengthen feeding management, and promote the recovery of physiological functions of laying hens as soon as possible, in order to ensure the normal laying of eggs in the flock.
2. Genetic factors: different breeds of chickens have different eggshell quality, such as the thick eggshell of native varieties and the thinner eggshell of foreign varieties and easy to break. Therefore, the eggshell thickness of the variety can be increased by means of seed selection to reduce the egg breaking rate.
3. Egg laying time: generally chicken farms are fed at about 8 o'clock in the morning, the blood calcium concentration is high during the day, and the calcium secretion of laying hens in the egg process is sufficient, so the eggshell produced in the afternoon is thicker. The eggs laid before 10 a.m. are usually formed at night, and the hens are mostly in a resting state at night, with little feed intake and low blood calcium concentration, so the eggs laid in the morning are generally thinner eggshells.
4. Age influence: Generally, older hens lay larger eggs, but the eggshells are correspondingly thinner. Therefore, it is advisable to feed laying hens for 2 years.
5. Thyroid dysfunction: Thyroid dysfunction in chickens will seriously affect the absorption and utilization of calcium, thus producing thin-shelled eggs or soft-shelled eggs. Feeding thyroxine tablets for 3-5 days can quickly harden the eggshells.
6. Moulting: The physiological changes of hens during moulting are greater, which will also make the eggshell thinner and the broken eggs increase. Therefore, during the moulting period, the whole barley should be used for the chickens to eat freely for 3-5 days, which can accelerate the artificial moulting, quickly resume egg production and improve the quality of the eggshell.
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To supplement calcium, you can use eggshells, shells to break up and mix into the feed, with eggshells to pay attention to clean, if there are eggs in it, it is said to cause hens to eat their own eggs.
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The reason is: the main component of the eggshell is calcium carbonate, in the food of the hen, it needs to contain a lot of calcium, if the food lacks calcium or vitamin D, or because of the reaction after the injection of chicken plague vaccine, or because the peristalsis of the fallopian tubes after the chicken is frightened, the egg shell is not formed to produce soft shell eggs.
The inner shell membrane is about 1 3 of the thickness of the former, and adheres to the inner layer of the shell membrane, through which air can pass freely. The inner shell membrane and the shell membrane are mostly tightly bonded, and only the blunt end of the egg separates them to form an air chamber (airsac). The air chamber appears only after the egg is laid, and the contraction caused by the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the body forms a gap between the shell membrane. If the water in the egg is lost, the air chamber will continue to increase; When the zygote hatches, it grows in size as the embryo develops.
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First, the timely elimination of older laying hens. In the process of laying eggs, calcium carbonate will be secreted in the uterine glands, but with the aging of laying hens, a certain amount of fat will be precipitated in the uterine glands of hens, affecting the secretion of glands and making the eggshells thinner, so older chickens should be eliminated in time.
2. Reduce the temperature. Environmental factors that affect eggshell quality include light, temperature, and other factors. In the case of high temperatures, the chickens breathe faster and excrete more carbon dioxide, which reduces the concentration of carbonic acid in the blood, which in turn leads to the thinning of the eggshell.
3. Supplement the quality of minerals. Eggshell contains more minerals, eggshell softening has a lot to do with the lack of minerals, timely replenishment of minerals is also an effective way to effectively solve this problem.
Fourth, disease prevention. Infectious laryngotracheitis, Escherichia coli, Newcastle disease, etc. will cause secretion disorders of uterine glands, affecting the appearance of soft eggs and diseases in laying hens.
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1. For mycotoxin poisoning, a demold agent can be added to the feed to absorb mycotoxins and not adsorb nutrients, and at the same time supplement vitamin nutrition to improve immunity and reproductive performance.
2, feed can be long-term addition of calcium and vitamin D, can effectively solve the problem of laying hens soft eggs, in addition, can also extend the peak period of egg production, improve the egg production rate, improve the quality of eggs, reduce the occurrence of anal prolapse, laying hen egg fatigue syndrome, reduce the ratio of feed to eggs, reduce the incidence of laying small eggs, blood eggs, white eggs, sand eggs, soft eggs.
3. Pay attention to the environment of the hen, keep it quiet and tidy, and ensure that the hen is not frightened.
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Improve feed quality, increase animal protein feed, and often bask in the sun, strengthen feeding management, and promote laying hens to recover physiological functions as soon as possible, in order to ensure that chickens lay normal eggs.
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