What is ancient poetry, what is Chu Ci, and what is Yuefu poetry

Yuefu poetry refers to the poems of the Han Dynasty that were collected and preserved by the imperial court Yuefu system or the ** management organ equivalent to the function of Yuefu, and it is a popular tune dominated by Chu Sheng. The popularity of Chusheng in the Han Dynasty played a catalytic role in the emergence of a large number of three-character and seven-character verses. Its authors cover all walks of life, from emperors to commoners, and are written in temples and some from the people.

Yuefu poetry is a new poetic style that can be sung with music in the literary history of the Han and Wei dynasties, and it is a new poetic style after the "Book of Songs" and "Chu Ci". The emergence of Han Yuefu narrative poetry marks the maturity of ancient Chinese narrative poetry.

Yuefu poems, "Book of Songs", "Chu Ci" and Tang poems are all ancient style poems. The style of ancient style poetry is handed down from the previous generation, so it is also called ancient style, and it has three carriers: "song", "line" and "chant". The ancient style poems are free in rhythm, informal, even, rhyme wider, length is not limited, and the sentences are four, five, six, seven and miscellaneous.

The form and style of Tang poetry are colorful and innovative. It not only inherited the Han and Wei folk songs and Yuefu traditions, but also greatly developed the style of song and line. It pushed the artistic characteristics of syllable harmony and text refinement of ancient Chinese poetry to an unprecedented height, and found the most typical form for ancient lyric poetry, and Tang poetry marked the peak of Chinese classical poetry.

Chu Ci is a kind of new style of poetry created by the poets of Chu State in the Warring States Period by absorbing the essence of southern folk songs and integrating ancient myths and legends. Chu Ci broke the rigid format of four characters and one sentence in the Book of Songs, which was a great liberation for the development of ancient Chinese poetry and opened the second spring of China's epic. Chu Ci adopts a sentence structure of three to eight words, and the length and capacity can be expanded arbitrarily according to needs.

The liveliness and diversity of forms make Chu Ci more suitable for expressing complex social life and expressing rich thoughts and feelings. The representative writers of Chu Ci are: Qu Yuan.

Han Yuefu refers to the poems collected by the official office of Yuefu in the Han Dynasty. Part of the poems in charge of the Han Yue Mansion are the songs of the temple used by the rulers to worship the ancestral gods, and their nature is the same as the "ode" in the Book of Songs; The other part is to collect folk music without the name of the owner, which is called Yuefu folk songs. According to the Book of Han.

Art and Culture Chronicles" contains, "There are generations, Zhao Zhizhen, Qin, and Chu Zhifeng, all of whom are feeling sad and happy, and they can also observe customs and know thin and thick clouds." It can be seen that this part of the works is the essence of Han Yuefu. The 100 volumes of "Yuefu Poems" compiled by Guo Maoqian of the Song Dynasty are divided into 12 categories (suburban temple songs, swallow shooting songs, propaganda songs, horizontal blowing songs, Xianghe songs, Qing Shang songs, dance songs, qin songs, miscellaneous songs, near songs, miscellaneous ballads, and new Yuefu songs), which is the most complete collection of poems from the Arhat to the five dynasties.

There are more than 40 folk songs of Yuefu in the Yuefu Poems, most of which are works of the Eastern Han Dynasty, reflecting the social reality and people's lives at that time, expressing love and hate emotions with sharp words, and more inclined to realist style.

Han Yuefu is another large collection of ancient folk songs after the Book of Songs, which is different from the romanticism of the Book of Songs, and it opens up a new style of poetic realism. The works with female themes in the folk songs of Han Yuefu occupy an important position, it uses popular language to construct works close to life, gradually tends to five words from miscellaneous words, adopts oblique writing, portrays the characters in detail, creates distinct characters, and the storyline is relatively complete, and can highlight the ideological connotation and focus on depicting typical details, opening up a new stage of the development and maturity of oblique poetry, which is an important stage in the development of five-character poetry in the history of Chinese poetry.

"Song Xing" is a genre of ancient poetry in China, which was established in the early Tang Dynasty on the basis of Yuefu poems of the Han and Wei dynasties. The appearance of Liu Xiyi's "Generational Sorrow and White Touyin" and Zhang Xuruo's "Spring River Flower Moonlight Night" can be said to be a sign of the formal formation of this genre.

The Ming Dynasty writer Xu Shi once explained "song", "line" and "song line" as follows in "Poetry Discernment": "Those who are affectionate and long-talked, and those who are miscellaneous and have no way to say songs; The steps are galloping, and those who are sparse but not sluggish are said to be walking; Those who are both are called songs. ”

Ci Hai notes: "line" is the meaning of music; Although the names of "song" and "line" are different, there is no strict difference, and later there is a "song line" as one.

Chu Ci was mainly written by Qu Yuan of Chu during the Warring States Period, Yuefu has Han Yuefu, and songs are all literary genres in ancient China.

I won't talk about the concept here.

Personally, I think. In terms of form, the biggest difference is that most of the texts on Chu Ci are ......,......,......Xi, and the number of words in each sentence is not very limited, which is represented by Qu Yuan, like the famous Lisao is uneven.

Han Yuefu does not have this, generally the sentence structure is more neat, like the peacock flying southeast is 5 characters, Mulan Ci is 5 characters, and the pipa line is 7 characters.

This is mainly because Qu Yuan's style of writing in that era was free and chic, and he expressed his mind directly, so he didn't care much about the number of words, and after he arrived in the Han Dynasty, he specially set up Yuefu to do these things, and the natural format was much stricter.

In terms of content, Chu Ci is romantic, and the main content is mainly based on myths, legends, and local historical customs.

Han Yuefu is a realistic style, mostly collecting folk songs and other adaptations, reflecting social issues, and the atmosphere is not as beautiful and gorgeous as Chu Ci.

Ci, i.e., fu, is a kind of prose that pays attention to sentence structure and rhyme. Because it originated in the state of Chu during the Warring States Period, it is also known as Chu Ci and Chu Ci style. And because Qu Yuan's "Lisao" is a representative work of this genre, it is also called Sao Ti.

In the Han Dynasty, Ci and Fu were often referred to as Cifu, and later generations generally referred to Cifu together. This style of writing, full of lyrical and romantic atmosphere, is very similar to poetry, but the rhyme and sentence structure are more free than poetry, neater than prose, and the length and words are longer. Generally, there are four sentences in one section, each section expresses a complete meaning, and there is a slight pause after reading; Six-character sentences are mainly read in three beats.

Yuefu is a special government office established since the Qin Dynasty to arrange music, train musicians and collect folk songs. These poems, originally circulated among the people, were preserved through Yuefu, and were called by the Han people"Songs", Wei and Jin Dynasty began to say"Lefu"or"Han Le Fu"。Later generations of literati imitated poems in this form, also known as"Yuefu poems"。