Who were the three overlords of the Warring States period

Wei Wenhou was the first overlord of the Warring States, and in the more than 250-year history of the Warring States, Wei was the first powerful and powerful country. During his reign of 50 years, Marquis Wen selected talents and talents, cultivated virtue and politics internally, and governed martial arts externally, conquered the Hexi region of Qin to the west, crossed Zhao to the north, destroyed Zhongshan and defeated the army of Qi to the east. In 403 BC, Wei, along with Zhao Han, was officially made a vassal by the titular surviving Emperor of Zhou.

Later historians all praised Wei Wenhou for his sage. Wei Wenhou appointed Li Kui, Wu Qi, Le Yang, Ximen Bao, Zi Xia, Zhai Huang, Wei Cheng and others to enrich the country and strengthen the army, suppress the Zhao State, destroy Zhongshan, defeat the Qin, Qi, and Chu states in succession, open up a large territory, and make the Wei State become the overlord of the Central Plains.

King Qi Wei is famous in the annals of history for being good at admonishing and using energy, and being inspirational and strong. During the reign of King Qi Wei, in view of the disadvantages of the dictatorship of the emperor and the weak national strength, Zou Ji was appointed as the prime minister, Tian Ji as the general, and Sun Bin as the military advisor, and carried out political reforms, repaired the legal system, selected the meritocratous, rewarded and punished clearly, and the national strength became stronger and stronger. After the two battles of Guiling and Maling, the Wei army was defeated and began to dominate the princes.

He also paid homage to the virtuous and important scholars, and built the Jixia School Palace outside the Jimen Gate in the national capital Linzi (now northeast of Zibo, Shandong), and recruited the world's wise men to discuss politics and give lectures, becoming the academic and cultural center at that time. By the last years of King Qi Wei, Qi had become the most powerful of the vassal states.

Qin Xiao Gong Shang martingale changed the law and became the second overlord. Qin Xiaogong reused Wei Ying (i.e., Shang Ying) to implement law changes, reward farming and warfare, and moved the capital to Xianyang (now northeast of Xianyang, Shaanxi), established a county system of administration, opened up Qianmo, and continuously improved agricultural production while strengthening the centralization of power. Externally, Qin made peace with Chu, made a treaty with Han, and joined Qi and Zhao to attack Anyi, the capital of Wei (northwest of present-day Xia County, Shanxi), and expanded the land to the east of Luoshui, which has since become increasingly powerful and laid the foundation for Qin's unification of China.

Until Qin Shi Huang unified the world, it was the strongest country.

The four major male lords of the Warring States period in history refer to Zhao Yong, King Wuling of Zhao, King Ji of Yanzhao, King Tian of Qi Min, and King Yingji of Qin Zhaoxiang.

Zhao Wuling, Wang Zhao Yong, Yan Zhao Wang Ji Zhi, Qi Min Wang Tiandi, Qin Zhaoxiang Wang Yingji, these four heroes are the heroes of the Warring States in history.

Zhao Yong, Ji Zhi, Tian Di, Yingji, these people are all very capable, and they are also very strict in their control of the country.

Duke Zheng Zhuang, King Wu of Chu and Duke Xi of Qi.

In the late Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, a number of vassal states ushered in a critical period of development, some countries turned from prosperity to decline, and the military strength and development status of some countries should not be underestimated. On the other hand, the three overlords in the early Spring and Autumn Period, all of them were heroic and extraordinary, leading their respective countries to more far-reaching glory.

However, after the death of the three overlords, the corresponding countries faced greater challenges. Especially after the death of Zheng Zhuanggong, the country fell into a situation of prosperity to decline.

In different historical periods, the environment in which the heroes live and the things they come into contact with are different. Some heroes have become a generation of heroes by virtue of their own efforts, and their leadership and planning strength have skyrocketed, and they have gradually become overlords or emperors in the historical stage. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, there were many vassal states, and the five major vassal states competed for hegemony together.

For example, figures such as the Duke of Wen of Jin and the King of Chu Zhuang.

Compared with the situation of the vassal states competing for hegemony in the late Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the three overlords in the early Spring and Autumn Period provided a good basis for the vassal states to compete for hegemony in the later period. During his 43-year reign, the vassal states under his leadership grew stronger and more powerful and addressed threats from other vassal states. However, the good times did not last long, and after the death of Zheng Zhuanggong, the comprehensive strength of the vassal states plummeted.

In addition, King Wu of Chu had a strong overall strength, and during his reign over the vassal states, he gradually put forward the concept of dividing county seats. With the continuous progress of history, the three overlords in the early Spring and Autumn Period were gradually replaced by the five overlords. But they still left behind real historical stories, and people's confidence in the three overlords in the early Spring and Autumn period was bursting.

In general, each dynasty, the domestic and foreign environment is different, and the human and economic factors are not the same. This allows the leaders of some ruling districts to take advantage of the right time and place to consolidate their dominance. Ultimately, it was ensured that the inhabitants lived and worked in peace and contentment from outside invaders, such as the famous Zheng Zhuang Gong.

Judging from the Spring and Autumn Five Tyrants alone, the first to dominate through official channels must be Duke Qi Huan. He engaged in an alliance of princes and proclaimed himself a hegemon in the presence of many princes. In fact, in front of Duke Qi Huan was Duke Zheng Zhuang.

During his reign, he defeated the combined armies of Zhou, Yu, Wei, Cai, and Chen, and the combined armies of Song, Chen, Cai, Wei, and Lu. Shouyan, invade Chen, and win a big victory; It can be said that the battle of Xu, Kexi, and Yubeirong will be conquered and won, and the battle will be outstanding, making Zheng Guo unprecedentedly strong. And he was the one who once fought against Zhou Tianzi as a prince, and then shot Zhou Tianzi with arrows.

Taking this as a starting point in history, the princes completely recognized that the Zhou royal family no longer ruled the world, and began the struggle for hegemony among the princes. Zheng Zhuang Gong did not perform the ceremonies of the princes' alliance like Qi Huan, so he was a veritable hegemon, so he was not one of the five hegemons of the Spring and Autumn Period. But what he did basically met the conditions for becoming a hegemon.

All later called Zheng Zhuang Gong the Spring and Autumn Xiaoba. The next hegemon was Jin Wengong. In 633 BC, Chu Cheng led Chu, Zheng, Chen and other garden armies to besiege the Song capital Shangqiu (now south of Shangqiu County, Henan).

The Song Dynasty sent people to the Jin Kingdom for help. Jin Wen gave the correct opinion of his subordinates. Won the entry of Qi and Thailand into the war, and strengthened his own power.

and improved the relationship between Jin and Cao Wei and isolated Chu. At this time, Chu angered Yin (equivalent to the official name and prime minister) Ziyu and sent troops to attack the Jin army. Internally, the jurisdiction of the Zhou Dynasty became less and less, and there was little direct territory left of the Zhou Dynasty, and the strength was naturally declining, and the Qishan and Guanzhong regions, the birthplace of the Zhou Dynasty, also disappeared, and the Zhou Dynasty only left the surrounding areas of Luoyi.

At this time, the vassal states also had a certain development, and they completely stayed away from the Zhou royal family, and the Spring and Autumn Period tyrannized Zheng Guo, seized the wheat of the Zhou royal family in the era of Zheng Zhuanggong, and shot Zhou Tianzi in the military confrontation. This arrow shot Zhou Tianzi directly at the altar, and after that, the vassal states became even more "unscrupulous". Due to their respective geographical locations, different products and different monarchical policies, the development of the vassal states is unbalanced, and the gap between the vassal states is widening.

In addition, since Zhou Tianzi was no longer able to manage the disputes between the vassal states, the powerful vassal states began to bully and annex the weak vassal states, in a vain attempt to plunder more population, land and other resources, so as to increase their strength.

"The three small tyrants of the Spring and Autumn Period refer to the three overlords who were the first to dominate in the early Spring and Autumn Period, because their hegemony is not as good as the five hegemons of the Spring and Autumn Period, so they are called the three little tyrants, they are: Zheng Zhuang Gong, Qi Xi Gong, Chu Wu Wang.

The three earliest hegemons in the early Spring and Autumn Period were Qi Xiaobai, Duke Wen of Jin, and Xiong Brigade of King Xiong of Chuzhuang, among which Gong Wen of Jin was outstanding in martial arts, and was the second hegemon in the five hegemons of the Spring and Autumn Period.

Zheng Zhuang Gong, Qi Xi Gong, Chu Wu Wang, these people were very powerful, and their status at that time was relatively high.

There have been many theories about the history of the "Spring and Autumn Five Tyrants", and the middle school history textbook mainly introduces the two most representative ones: "Historical Records of Suoyin" - Duke Huan of Qi, Duke Xiang of Song, Duke Wen of Jin, Duke Mu of Qin, and King Zhuang of Chu; "Xunzi Wangba" - Duke Huan of Qi, Duke Wen of Jin, King of Chuzhuang, King Lu of Wu and King Goujian of Yue.

The seven kingdoms of the Seven Heroes of the Warring States are: Qi, Chu, Yan, Korea, Zhao, Wei, and Qin.

The Seven Heroes of the Warring States Period, the collective name of the seven most powerful vassal states in the Warring States Period, after the protracted war for hegemony in the Spring and Autumn Period, the number of vassal states in the territory of the Zhou Dynasty was greatly reduced, and the Zhou royal family was nominally the co-lord of the world, but in fact it was almost destroyed, and the vassal states attacked each other and fought constantly. After the three families were divided, Zhao, Wei, and Korea were among the powerful countries, and there were Tian clans to represent Qi, and the pattern of the Seven Heroes of the Warring States was formally formed.

The first overlord of the Spring and Autumn Period was the Duke of Qi Huan.

Qi Huangong, surnamed Jiang, Lu, named Xiaobai. Jiang surnamed the sixteenth monarch of Qi (reigned 685 BC and 643 BC), the head of the Spring and Autumn Five Hegemons, the twelfth grandson of Jiang Taigong Lu Shang, the third son of Duke Qi, and his mother was Wei Ji.

Under the strong recommendation of Uncle Bao, Qi Huan decided to ignore his past suspicions and appoint Guan Zhong as the prime minister. Guan Zhong implemented a series of reforms in the Qi State, which achieved the hegemony of the Qi State, and the Duke of Qi Huan also became the earliest overlord among the five hegemons of the Spring and Autumn Period.

Initiatives for government:

During his reign, Duke Qi Huan devoted himself to dividing and rectifying administrative divisions and institutions, dividing the national capital into six industrial and commercial townships and fifteen scholar townships, a total of 21 townships. The fifteen Shixiang were the main source of soldiers for the Qi State. Duke Qi Huan managed five townships by himself, and Shangqing Guozi and Gaozi each managed five townships.

He divided the state government into three departments and formulated a three-official system. There are three officials in the ranks. The industry is three families, the business is three townships, the Sichuan Ze industry is three Yu, and the mountain forestry is three balances.

Thirty families in the suburbs are one town, and each town has a judge. Ten Yi is a pawn, and each pawn has a division. Ten pawns are a township, and each township has a township division.

The three townships are one county, and each county has a county division. The ten counties are a genus, and each genus has a doctor. There are five genera in the country, and there are five doctors.

At the beginning of each year, the doctors of the five genera report the situation in the genus to Qi Huan Gong and supervise their merits. As a result, the whole country was formed as a unified whole.

The first overlord in the Spring and Autumn Period was Zheng Zhuang Gong, because Zheng Zhuang was relatively strong during the Zheng Zhuang period, and Qi and Lu were also closer to Zheng Guo, and at the same time, Zheng Zhuang Gong defeated Zhou Tianzi, improved Zheng Guo's national prestige, and also opened the prelude to the princes' struggle for hegemony, so Zheng Zhuang Gong was the first overlord. However, Zheng Guo's geographical location was in the place of the four kingdoms' conquest, and it was not as economically as good as Qi, nor as rich in geographical resources as Jin, Qin and Chu, and Zheng Zhuang Gong mishandled the problem of heirs, so Zheng Zhuang declined rapidly after Zheng Zhuanggong's death and gradually became a small country.