What is the main climate in the northern part of our country

The northern part of China has a mainly temperate continental climate, and some areas have a plateau climate.

The temperate continental climate is mainly far from the ocean, and the humid air currents over the ocean are difficult to reach, and are controlled by continental air masses all year round. The basic characteristics of the climate: cold winters, warm summers.

The annual temperature range is large, and the diurnal temperature range is also large. The coldest month occurs in January and the hottest month is in July, when spring temperatures are higher than autumn temperatures. Precipitation is low and the seasons are unevenly distributed, concentrated in the summer.

Precipitation varies widely from year to year. The northwest region of China belongs to the temperate continental climate.

The plateau climate is a climate formed on the plateau surface with high altitude, wide ground, and gentle undulations. The climate of the northern plateau in China is mainly distributed in the Loess Plateau and the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and is characterized by:

With the increase of altitude, air, water vapor and dust decrease, and the direct solar radiation increases, especially the ultraviolet radiation. However, the effective radiation has also increased. On the snow-covered plateau, the reflectivity increases and the ground absorbs less radiation, so the net radiation is smaller than that of the plain at the same latitude. The temperature is low, the daily difference is large, and the annual difference is small; Precipitation increases on the windward side of the moist airflow and decreases greatly in the interior and leeward side of the plateau. The wind is strong.

There are also the following features:

1. Hypobaric hypoxia.

The atmospheric pressure varies with altitude, and the partial pressure of the various gases that make up the atmosphere also varies with altitude, i.e., decreases with altitude. The same goes for the partial pressure of oxygen. As the atmospheric pressure decreases in the plateau, so does the oxygen content and partial pressure of oxygen in the atmosphere.

2. Cold and dry.

The temperature gradually decreases with the increase of altitude, generally every 1000 meters, the temperature drops by about 1, and in some areas even every 150 meters can drop by 1. The air in most areas of the plateau is thin, dry and cloudless, the ground receives a large amount of solar radiation energy during the day, and the temperature near the ground layer rises rapidly, and at night, the ground heat dissipates extremely quickly, and the ground temperature drops sharply. Therefore, the difference between the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature of the plateau in a day is very large, sometimes in one day, after the cold and heat, the scorching sun is in the sky during the day, sometimes the temperature is as high as 20-30, and the temperature can sometimes drop below 0 in the evening and early morning, which is also a major feature of the plateau climate.

3. Long sunshine hours and strong solar radiation.

The air in the plateau is thin and clean, the content of dust and water vapor is less, the atmospheric transparency is higher than that in the plain, and the solar radiation transmittance increases with the increase of altitude.

The climate types of the northern region are temperate continental and temperate monsoon.

The northern region has a predominantly temperate continental climate and a temperate monsoon climate. The temperature in winter is below 0, and the temperature in summer is above 20, and the temperature varies significantly in four seasons. The coldest month occurs in January and the hottest month is in July.

Precipitation is low throughout the year, and the seasons are unevenly distributed, with precipitation concentrated in summer.

Topography of the Northern Regions:

The terrain of the northern region is dominated by plains, but there are also plateaus and mountains. Representative terrain: Northeast Plain, North China Plain, Loess Plateau.

The North China Plain is located south of the Yanshan Mountains, east of the Taihang Mountains, north of the Huai River, and bordered by the ocean in the east. The North China Plain is an alluvial plain formed by the sediment deposition of the Yellow River and Haihe River during the geological and historical period, and the soil is loess, which is the plain with the largest population density in Chinese.

The Loess Plateau is located in the area west of the Taihang Mountains, east of the Wusheling Mountains, south of the Inner Mongolia Plateau, roughly bounded by the Great Wall, and north of the Qinling Mountains, and is known as the Wujin Plateau. The loess here was formed by the accumulation of wind sedimentation during geological history.

At that time, a strong northerly wind blew up sand and dust to the south. As the wind weakened, sand and soil were deposited, forming a flat and towering loess plateau. Later, with the large-scale destruction of vegetation on the Loess Plateau, the loose loess was scoured, resulting in serious soil erosion and the formation of loess hills with ravines and ravines.

The northern region of China belongs to the warm temperate zone, the middle temperate zone and the cold temperate zone, and belongs to the semi-humid region and humid zone.

The climate characteristics of northern China are: cold and dry winter, high temperature and rainy summer.

The temperate monsoon climate is the dominant region in the northern region, among which the northern part of the Great Khing'an Mountains is the cold temperate zone, the north of the Great Wall is the middle temperate zone, and the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River are warm temperate zones, with a frost-free period of 4-8 months, and the thermal conditions vary greatly from north to south. The annual precipitation is 400-800 mm, mainly concentrated in July and August, and most of them belong to semi-humid and semi-arid areas (the eastern and northern mountains of Northeast China are humid areas); The summer is warm and rainy (the Northeast is shorter), and the winter is cold and dry (the Northeast is long, cold and snowy, and Mohe is the "cold pole" of China); Major disastrous weather: cold wave in winter, low temperature in summer and early frost in autumn in Northeast China, drought and sandstorms in spring and heavy rain in summer in North China.

I think it should be hot and rainy in the summer, cold and dry in the winter.

Temperate monsoon climate and temperate continental climate.

Popular Science China Climate characteristics of China.