Sima Qian s Profile!!

Sima Qian (c. 145 BC-90 BC) was a historian and writer of the Western Han Dynasty. The character is long, and he is a native of Xiayang, Zuo Fengyi (now southwest of Hancheng, Shaanxi). Born in the fifth year of Emperor Jing of the Han Dynasty (145 BC), one said that he was born in the sixth year of the founding of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty (135 BC), and the year of his death cannot be examined.

Sima Qian began to study ancient texts at the age of 10. About in the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty Yuanguang and Yuan Shuo, he learned "Ram Spring and Autumn" from the modern writer Dong Zhongshu, and learned "Ancient Wenshangshu" from the ancient writer Kong Anguo. At the age of 20, he roamed south from Chang'an, the capital of Beijing, and traveled all over the Jianghuai River Basin and the Central Plains, inspecting customs and collecting legends wherever he went.

Soon Shi was Langzhong, became the guard and servant of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, and traveled to the west many times, and once sent an envoy to Bashu. In the third year of Yuan Feng (108 BC), Sima Qian succeeded his father Sima Tan and served as Taishi Ling, in charge of the astronomical calendar and royal books, so he had to read the books collected by the historians. In the first year of Taichu (104 BC), the "Taichu Calendar" was compiled with Tang Du and Luoxiahong to replace the "Zhuan Calendar" inherited by Qin, and the new calendar adapted to the needs of the society at that time.

After that, Sima Qian began to write the "Historical Records". Later, for defending Li Ling, who surrendered to the Xiongnu, he was convicted and imprisoned and was tortured by corruption. After being released from prison, he served as the secretary of the Zhongshu order, continued to write books with anger, and finally completed the writing of the "Historical Records".

People call his book "Taishi Gongshu". It is the first general history of China in the form of a chronicle, which has a far-reaching influence on the historiography of later generations. Sima Qian also wrote the "Book of Reporting to Ren'an", which recorded his imprisonment and ambition to write a book, which has been praised by all generations.

Sima Qian (c. 145 BC - 90 BC), the character is long, and he was a native of Xiayang, Fengyi (now Hancheng, Shaanxi). He began to read ancient books at the age of 10, studied very seriously, and when he encountered difficult problems, he always thought about them repeatedly until he understood them. At the age of 20, Sima Qian set out from Chang'an, traveled to various places and returned to Chang'an, where he became a langzhong.

Lang Zhong guarded the palace gates, managed the chariots, and traveled with the emperor. He traveled with Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty several times and visited many places. At the age of 35, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty sent him as an envoy to Yunnan, Sichuan, Guizhou and other places.

He learned about the customs and people of some ethnic minorities there. After the death of his father Sima Tan, in 108 BC (the third year of Yuan Feng), Sima Qian succeeded him as Taishi Ling. In 104 B.C. (the first year of Taichu), he and astronomer Tang Du and others made the Taichu calendar.

In the same year, he began to compile the "Historical Records". In 99 BC (the second year of the Tianhan Dynasty), Li Ling attacked the Xiongnu, was defeated and surrendered, and Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was furious. Sima Qian defended Li Ling, angered Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, ** was imprisoned, and made a Zhongshu order.

He paid money to atone for his sins according to the provisions of the Han Dynasty decree and was punished by corruption." In 96 BC (the first year of Taishi), he was pardoned and released from prison, made a Chinese book order, and mastered the emperor's documents. He wrote the book with great enthusiasm and devoted himself to writing the "Records of the Historians", and finally completed the writing and revision of the whole book at the age of about 55.

In addition to the "Historical Records", Sima Qian also wrote 8 articles, all of which have been lost, but the "Art and Literature Gathering" volume 30 cites a fragment of "The Sorrowful Man Does Not Meet the Fu". He also wrote the "Book of Reporting to Ren'an", which recorded his experience of being imprisoned and punished and his ambition to repair history.

Sima Qian of the Western Han Dynasty (145 BC - c. 87 BC?).His "Records of the Historians" plays a role in the history of the development of Chinese prose, which not only pioneered Chinese biographical historiography, but also pioneered Chinese biographical literature. It recounts the history of more than 3,000 years from the Yellow Emperor to the early years of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, with a total of 103 articles and more than 500,000 words.

It doesn't matter, it's just the same surname.

1. Sima is similar.

Sima Xiangru (about 179 BC - 118 BC), the name Changqing, Han nationality, Shu County, Chengdu, ancestral home Zuo Fengyi Xiayang (now Hanchengnan, Shaanxi) and overseas Chinese in Pengzhou (now Peng'an, Sichuan) Western Han Cifu family, an outstanding representative of Chinese cultural history and literary history. There is obvious Taoist thought and fairy color.

Emperor Jing was a regular attendant of martial cavalry, and was exempted due to illness. Gong Cifu, whose representative work is "Zi Xuan Fu". The richness of the words and the grand structure of his works make him a representative writer of Han Fu, and later generations call him Fusheng and "Cizong". His love story with Zhuo Wenjun is also widely circulated.

2. Sima Qian.

Sima Qian (145 BC - not available), a native of Xiayang (now Hanchengnan, Shaanxi). Historian and essayist of the Western Han Dynasty. Sima Tan's son, Ren Taishi Ling, was punished by the palace for defending Li Ling's defeat, and later served as Zhongshu Ling.

He continued to complete the historical books he wrote, and was honored by later generations as Shi Qian, Taishi Gong, and the father of history.

In his early years, Sima Qian studied under Kong Anguo and Dong Zhongshu, roaming all over the world, understanding customs and collecting rumors. The first Langzhong was appointed to the southwest. In the third year of Yuan Feng (108 BC), he served as Taishi Ling, inherited his father's business, and wrote history.

The same surname Sima, and theoretically the same clan, Sima Xiangru ancestral home Xiayang, Sima Qian was born in Xiayang, according to later research, Sima Xiangru should be the direct descendant of the famous general Sima Cuo of the Qin Dynasty, and Sima Qian's ancestors defected to Sima Cuo, so the two Sima clans may have merged in the early years of the Han Dynasty, so there is a certain relationship.

Sima Qian (145 BC - after 87 BC), the character is long, and he was a native of Xiayang in the Western Han Dynasty (now Hancheng, Shaanxi, Hejin, Shanxi).

Sima Xiangru (c. 179 BC—?? The character Changqing, Han nationality, Shu County (now Chengdu, Sichuan Province).

From the place of birth, it can be seen that they should have nothing to do with each other, Sima Xiangru was earlier than Sima Qian, and Sima Qian wrote an article for Sima Xiangru in the "Historical Records" "Sima Xiangru Biography" The article also called him by his name, and it can also be seen that it should have nothing to do with it.