As for why the ball lightning can keep the ball shape when it moves

Ball lightning remains a mystery to this day.

There are four types of lightning: linear, ribbon, rocket-shaped, and spherical. The most common is linear, and ball lightning occurs rarely.

Ball lightning is generally a fireball with a diameter of 10-20 centimeters and is red, yellow or orange. From the time it is generated to the time it disappears, it takes about 4-120 seconds, and the brightness and size are almost unchanged.

Ball lightning has a strange temper, burrowing into cracks, often burrowing into doors and windows, chimneys, and even crevices, sometimes moving along wires at a speed of about 2 meters per second and burning.

It generally moves horizontally, sometimes staying in the air and not moving, or descending slowly. Some ball lightning bolts spin while moving, while others do.

It hisses when it moves, and makes a loud noise when it disappears, and the vibrational energy is enough to destroy a normal building. Because the air emits a chemical reaction to produce ozone and nitric oxide, the ball lightning has an unpleasant smell after it disappears.

On July 22, 1962, the top of Mount Tai Jade Emperor was in the midst of a thunderstorm. In the midst of lightning and thunder, a 15-centimeter-diameter red fireball rushed into the room through the closed glass crack.

It flutters indoors at a speed of 2-3 meters per second for 3-4 seconds before escaping from the chimney. ** When the chimney is cut off a corner, a hot water bottle in the room is reduced to pieces under the impact of air waves. On July 25, 1981, after a thunderclap in the flower garden of Gaoqiao Station in Shanghai, two rare orange fireballs suddenly let out a piercing whistling sound and rolled down from the clouds.

When it landed on the flower bed, two fireballs collided with a loud bang, and the dazzling light illuminated the surroundings as if it were day.

How is ball lightning formed? A physicist in the former Soviet Union believed that ball lightning was a bubble "blown" by lightning.

During thunderstorms, the strength of the Earth's electric field increases by a factor of 1,000. It hits the water droplets, and even the dendritic lightning that creates a strong field around the water droplets causes the water droplets to swell. However, this requires some kind of heterogeneity to fall into the small droplets, such as a grain of dust or a grain of sand.

As the resistance of the electric current increases, the water decomposes into hydrogen and oxygen. Hydrogen and oxygen burn to form a fireball. If, for some reason, the fireball is discharged prematurely, it happens**, and when the charge gradually wears off, the fireball disappears imperceptibly.

If the air around the fireball is stationary, the fireball will disappear on its own after a few seconds. It is easy to make lightning discharge, but it is impossible to destroy it. People have even shot fireballs with guns, but the fireballs have not.

Ball lightning can fly because it is close to the density of air and can move with the air around it. Therefore, in the event of ball lightning, it is safest to stand still and stand still.

Ball lightning is a mixture of plasma with high temperature and low air pressure, which is formed by lightning striking water droplets containing large resistive substances such as sediment, causing the water droplets to rapidly expand and ionize when heated, producing a variety of ions mixed together. Because the spherical body surface area is the largest, the external pressure per unit area is small, and it is easy to balance with the outward pressure generated inside, so the ball lightning is formed.

Ball lightning is commonly known as rolling mines, a type of lightning that usually occurs under thunderstorms, which is a ball of lightning in the shape of a ball. It is a real physical phenomenon, it is very bright, slightly spherical in shape, and the diameter varies from about 15 to 30 centimeters. Usually it lasts only a few seconds, but there are records that last 1-2 minutes.

In addition to the usual orange and red, there are also blue, bright white, and dark green aura. Fireballs come in a variety of colors.

Ball lightning is also known as an electric fireball. Ball lightning is not lightning, it has almost nothing in common with lightning, so it is inaccurate to name this phenomenon "ball lightning", and ball lightning should be named "electro-optical fireball", that is, plasma luminous ball related to electromagnetic fields. Natural lightning is also called thunder and lightning.

The most common form of lightning is line lightning, which resembles a vertical and horizontal branch overhanging in the air, or a river with many tributaries on a map. In addition, there are less common bead-shaped lightning bolts in thunder and lightning. The lifespan of the electric fireball is generally a few seconds, and some can be as long as a few minutes.

Whereas, the lifespan of ordinary dendrites is less than 1 second.

An electro-optical fireball is a plasma localized in the appropriate magnetic field geomorphological space and velocity space, which derives energy from its surroundings, and the diameter of the plasma region depends on the frequency of the external field, thus producing resonance. The knowledge of electric fireballs had been studied by Nikola Tesla in the first years of the 20th century, but it was lost with the death of the great genius. Tesla believes that the raw energy is not enough to sustain the fireball, and there must be another energy source.

1. Ball lightning, commonly known as rolling mines.

2. Usually occurs during thunderstorms, and it is a ball of lightning. It's a real physical phenomenon. It is very bright, nearly spherical, and varies from about 15 to 40 centimeters in diameter.

It usually lasts only a few seconds, but there are records of it lasting for 1 to 2 minutes. In addition to the common orange and red, there are also yellow, purple, blue, bright white, and dark green auras, and they come in a variety of colors.

The formation of ball lightning is currently impossible to accurately judge.

Some scientists speculate that ball lightning is a vortex of gas that occurs at a sharp bend in the lightning pathway, and is a mixture of highly charged gases, mainly composed of oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, and a small amount of hydrogen oxide. Usually occurs after dendritic lightning, it seems that dendritic lightning is necessary for the production of ball lightning. Ball lightning is rare, making it difficult to study and remains a mystery in nature.

As early as 1955, Soviet physicists and Pisin proposed that ball lightning was caused by the electromagnetic interference effect produced in thunderstorms. In 1991, Japanese scientists reported that they had observed a series of balllightning-like phenomena produced by microwave interference in experiments, and their artificial plasma balls also showed some of the properties of ball lightning, such as that it can move in the opposite direction to the main air flow and pass through solid matter.

Unknown**:

In 1998, a Spanish physicist suggested that the cause of the so-called mysterious ball lightning was not mysterious, and that this phenomenon was probably formed by the formation of lightning-emitting plasma confined by magnetic fields during the production of lightning. He established a flash electromagnetic field model, believing that the key is a network of magnetic field lines formed by the interweaving of horizontal and vertical magnetic field magnetic coils formed during lightning.

In some special cases, this network of magnetic field lines may appear spherical, and the luminescent plasma will be "trapped" by this network to form ball lightning. This fireball effect continues until the plasma begins to cool. The researchers noted that depending on their budget, the fireball could last up to 10 to 15 seconds.

When the plasma cools, the electrons begin to be bound by the atoms, the internal resistance of the plasma becomes larger, the current weakens, and the surrounding magnetic field will also disintegrate, and finally the fireball will cease to exist.

The above content refers to Encyclopedia - Ball Lightning.

1. Ball lightning usually occurs under thunderstorms. Usually it only lasts for a few seconds, but there are records of it lasting for 1 2 minutes. What's even more amazing is that it can move independently and slowly through the air.

2. Due to the low frequency of ball lightning, it is difficult for scientists to make systematic observations. In 2012, Chinese scientists photographed ball lightning for the first time, published on January 28, 2014. Theoretically, it has been suggested that it is a scorching air mass or vaporized elements such as carbon, sodium, or copper.

While this theory can explain some of the properties of ball lightning, it does not explain why it can form in aircraft cabins. There are many different theories, such as plasma, ions, charged dust, water with an outer electronic shell, etc., but none of them can fully explain this scientific mystery.

3. The reason why ball lightning is mysterious is because it is not common, it is unpredictable, its color and shape are changeable, and it also has a huge instantaneous destructive power. So, as early as ancient Greece, people began to pay attention to this strange natural phenomenon.

4. Many people think that ball lightning is a small density of plasma at room temperature, due to the bombardment of "solar wind" and cosmic rays, the air surrounding the earth is ionized into positive and negative ions and free electrons to form an ion layer. When ions and electrons accumulate in the ionic layer, ball lightning may form.

5. According to meteorological experts, when a sudden thunderstorm occurs, the charged clouds are very close to the ground, and some protruding objects on the ground produce induced charges, and a discharge is formed between the two, so rolling mines are formed. Rolling mines are prone to electric shock damage to people and objects on the ground.

6. Ball lightning is still a strange natural phenomenon that people can't explain. A common feature is that ball lightning basically occurs during thunderstorms.

In August, a team at the U.S. Air Force Military Academy in Colorado created a similar ball lightning bolt from a specialized solution. But at the same time, the team admits: "I need to be honest

We are not sure that what we are producing in our experiments is necessarily what people call ball lightning. ”