What are the characteristics of Western classical historiography

Rule of Divisions: There can be a variety of ways to distinguish the epochs of Chinese history, and the popular division can be roughly represented by the following three types. What they all have in common is the adoption of the trichotomy of ancient, medieval, and modern times.

The first theory holds that ancient = antiquity to the end of the Warring States period, the Middle Ages = the Qin and Han dynasties to the end of the Ming Dynasty, and the modern era = the early Qing Dynasty to the modern era. This is a chronological distinction found in Mitsuo Moriya's Introduction to the History of Asia in the Middle Ages (1940).

The second division is ancient (or ancient) = ancient to Qin and Han dynasties, medieval (or medieval) = Later Han to Five Dynasties, and modern times = after the Song Dynasty. This is a theory advocated by Dr. Hunan Naito.

The third method of distinguishing between the ages is ancient = ancient to Tang Dynasty, medieval = Song to late Ming Dynasty, and modern age = late Ming to modern times. This is obviously a copy of Naito's theory, and it has been embraced by many historical materialists in Japan.

Quartile. Its representative is Dr. Kuwabara's "Middle Oriental History", and the subsequent "Naka Minor Oriental History" also adopts the quartile method. It's just that the names of the times are slightly different from the present, ancient = ancient to the Warring States period, Middle Ages = Qin and Han dynasties to the end of the Tang Dynasty, ancient times = the Five Dynasties Song to the end of the Ming Dynasty, and modern times = after the Qing Dynasty.

It is a historical periodization method that divides history into "ancient" (ancient), "medieval", and "modern" (modern) according to chronology.

This staging method is theoretically completely feasible. However, the development of human history is uneven, and different regions of the world have entered a certain socio-economic form sooner or later, and the time experienced in a certain socio-economic form has also been long or short.

Its essence is also a historical trichotomy, but because of specific national conditions, modern and modern times are separated from each other, and sometimes "contemporary history" is listed separately from modernity. Of course, the authenticity and objectivity of records of modern and contemporary history are also a "headache" in historical research.

In particular, since history entered the period of literary and exaltation, it is rare to see the form of social managers that absolutely belongs to a bunch of stages or that stage, and it is also rare to see the transition from the form of low-level social managers to the form of high-level social managers in an absolutely neat and single development.

Specifically, there are the following points:

1. Modern Western historiography is dominated by culture, which is mainly manifested in the self-sufficient small-scale peasant economic culture of the brigade farming culture.

2. The main difference between Western historiography in ancient times and Zhongsheng Town in the process of research is the difference in cultural background, and the connection is to develop and expand one's own territory and adapt to the actual local situation.