What are the root causes of poverty in developing countries?

From the point of view of factors of production, economists believe that the cause of developing countries.

The main factors of economic backwardness are as follows: 1. Shortage of capital. Poor countries have low per capita incomes, and the vast majority of household income is consumed, so savings are limited, resulting in very low capacity for capital formation, which makes it difficult to increase productivity and income levels.

This creates a vicious circle from low income to low income.

2. The quality of the labor force is low. In the context of rapid population growth, the quantity of labour in developing countries is always in surplus, but the quality is very low, and the knowledge and skills embodied in the labour force are pitifully scarce, and even if they are given modern equipment, they cannot be operated, thus limiting labour productivity.

, limiting economic growth.

3. The technical level is extremely low. Developing countries lack R&D capabilities, and at the same time, they lack scientific and technological talents, and there is no way to introduce, imitate and absorb developed countries.

Advanced technology, and therefore the low level of technology in developing countries, restricts economic growth.

4. Market size.

Small. Due to the low degree of marketization, the small market scale, the lack of demand for products, can not be large-scale production, can not give full play to economies of scale.

and thus restricts the development of production.

5. The unfair "international economic order". Many backward countries are still economically dependent on the developed countries, which use unequal means to the detriment of the poor.

It is true that the above factors contribute to the economic backwardness of developing countries, but economists believe that institutions, political power and order are the most important factors hindering the economic development of poor countries.

For example, due to the lack of incentives for investment.

The lack of a safe environment for investment and the frequent political instability have led to a lack of incentive for even the rich to save and invest in some developing countries, which is an important reason for the shortage of capital in these countries; Another example is the lack of a system and environment to attract talents, which has led to the migration of talents from some developing countries and the brain drain, thus aggravating the problem of talent shortage in developing countries.

It can be seen that to promote the development of the developing countries to develop the economy, it is fundamentally necessary to improve the system, political power and order, including a stable political situation, clear property rights, a good investment environment, a strong incentive mechanism, a healthy market order, sound legislation and justice, etc., in addition to formulating a series of correct development strategies.

The main root cause of poverty and backwardness in modern China is (imperialism).

After being forced to open the country by Western ships and artillery, he has not been able to find a correct direction for more than 100 years. Before the First Sino-Japanese War, the Westernists and conservatives were still arguing over whether they should "learn instruments", and in the Wuxu period, they were arguing endlessly over the "learning system" or "learning instruments", and after Gengzi, they were hesitating between learning the Japanese system or the Russian system, and after the May Fourth Movement, Lu Xun even put forward the slogan of "Chinese characters are not destroyed, China will perish", and then it was the dispute between the Three People's Principles and Communism. It can be said that in that era, everyone from the rulers to the intellectuals to the lower classes of the poor was very confused, looking for a way out of China, and every choice made was a nirvana for the Chinese nation.

Fortunately, we have found the direction of strengthening the country and will surely realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

The impact of the aggression of the modern powers on China is manifold. Among them, China's gradual degeneration into a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society was the greatest impact of the invasion of China by the great powers, and other influences were produced in this social background and also played a role through it.

Destructive: (1) China's sovereignty was completely destroyed and gradually reduced to a semi-colony of the great powers. If the territorial integrity is undermined, China will not be able to achieve complete national reunification for a long time; The loss of customs administrative power puts China in a position of being slaughtered in foreign countries, unable to protect its own national industry and commerce, nor can it increase national revenue, and is only conducive to the dumping of goods and plundering raw materials by foreign powers; Allowing opium (drugs) to be imported and taxed only as a commodity not only seriously violated China's sovereignty, but also intensified the economic plundering of China by the great powers; Foreign envoys stationed in Beijing and troops in China put **** under the surveillance of the diplomacy and bayonets of the great powers.

2) Large-scale commodity dumping and capital export, which has gradually reduced China to a commodity sales market and a raw material plundering ground for foreign invaders, is the root cause of China's long-term social and economic backwardness. For example, the huge amount of indemnity has deprived China of the opportunity for the primitive accumulation of capital, caused the development of national capitalism to lack the necessary funds, and has a serious dependence on foreign capitalism and its own feudal forces. Since 1842, when Britain extorted compensation from China through the Treaty of Nanjing, the amount of compensation paid in the Treaties of Peking, Shimonoseki, and Xinchou has gradually increased.

By 1901, China had paid 19 major indemnities to foreign countries on eight occasions5.3 billion silver dollars, equivalent to 16 times the total fiscal revenue of the Qing Dynasty in 1901. Along with the huge indemnity, when Qing ** was unable to repay, he had to borrow from foreign banks and endure their usury.

When repaying the indemnity, it was necessary to repay it in ** denominated currency (US dollars, British pounds), and as gold rose and silver fell, the great powers reaped more benefits from it, and choked China financially and financially. However, the financial burden of the Qing Dynasty is getting heavier and heavier, and its dependence on foreign capitalism is increasing. As a result, the Chinese people are becoming more and more impoverished.

In short, the economic aggression of the great powers has made modern China a backward country with "one poor and two white".

The productive forces and production relations are backward.