What are the main types of computers in the future, and what are the main differences between them a

There are three main types of computers in the future:

1.Photonic Computer:

Photonic computers are made up of optical fibers.

Computers made with a variety of optical components. It is not like an ordinary computer that relies on the flow of electronic channels to process information, but relies on a small beam of low-power laser to enter the optical circuit composed of mirrors and lenses to "think", but it also has the functions of storage, calculation and control.

2 Quantum computers.

Quantum computers are a class that follows quantum mechanics.

High-speed mathematical and logical operations are performed regularly.

A physical device that stores and processes quantum information. When a device processes and computes quantum information and runs quantum algorithms, it is a quantum computer. The concept of quantum computers originated from the study of reversible computers.

The purpose of studying reversible computers is to solve the problem of energy consumption in computers.

3.Nanocomputers:

The most powerful "computer" in the world should be the human brain, a few days ago. Scientists designed a tiny computer made up of just a dozen tiny nanoscale molecules to mimic how the brain works.

The differences are only reflected in: the technology used, the main components, the speed of operation, the size, and the energy consumption.

Photonic computers, molecular computers,Quantum computersand nanocomputers.

Quantum computers, the concept of quantum computers stems from the study of reversible computers, a class that follows quantum mechanics.

High-speed mathematical and logical operations are performed regularly.

A physical device that stores and processes quantum information. Photonic computers, photonic computers use photons instead of electrons for data computing, transmission and storage. Photonic computer is an all-optical digital computer, which replaces electrons with photons, optical interconnection instead of wire interconnection, optical hardware instead of electronic hardware in the computer, and optical transportation chahe arithmetic instead of electrical computing.

Molecular computer, molecular computer is small in size, consumes less power, operates quickly, and has a large storage capacity. Molecular computers operate by absorbing information in the form of electric charges on molecular crystals and organizing them in a more efficient way. Nanocomputers, nanocomputers are made with nanotechnology.

A new type of high-performance computer developed. Nanotube elements are in the range of a few to tens of nanometers, have a strong texture, and have strong electrical conductivity, which can replace silicon chips to make computers.

On August 27, 2001, BM announced that their scientists had built the world's smallest computer logic circuit, a dual-transistor element composed of a single molecule of carbon. This will enable future computer chips to be smaller, more portable, and use less power.

Computers have traditionally been divided into three categories: mainframes, minicomputers, and microcomputers.

The mainframe is generally a high-performance parallel processing system with large storage capacity and strong transaction processing capabilities, which can provide services for many users.

The minicomputer has a certain data processing capacity, provides information services of a certain user scale, and serves as the information service center of the department.

Microcomputer generally refers to the desktop or mobile computing system in the office or home, which is small in size, low in size, has an industrialized standard architecture, and has good compatibility.

Key features of the computer:

Fast arithmetic speed: The computer is composed of internal circuits, which can complete various arithmetic operations at high speed and accurately. Today's computer systems have a computing speed of trillions per second, and microcomputers can reach more than 100 million times per second, enabling a large number of complex scientific computing problems to be solved.

For example, the calculation of satellite orbits, the calculation of large dams, and the calculation of 24-hour weather can take years or even decades, while in modern society, it only takes a few minutes to complete with a computer.

High accuracy of calculations: The development of science and technology, especially cutting-edge science and technology, requires highly accurate calculations. The accuracy of a computer-controlled missile against a predetermined target is inseparable from the computer's precise calculations.

Generally, computers can have more than a dozen or even dozens of significant digits (binary), and the calculation accuracy can range from a few thousandths to a few millionths, which is beyond the reach of any computing tool.

1: Desktop computer.

2: All-in-one computer.

3: Tablet.

4: Mobile phone. 5: Supercomputer server.

1. Supercomputer: It usually refers to a computer composed of hundreds, thousands, or even more processors (machines) that can calculate large and complex topics that ordinary PCs and servers cannot complete. Supercomputer is a type of computer with the strongest function, the fastest computing speed and the largest storage capacity, and is an important symbol of the country's scientific and technological development level and comprehensive national strength.

2. Network computers: including servers, workstations, hubs, switches and routers, etc.

3. Industrial control: the main categories are IPC (PC bus industrial computer), PLC (programmable control system), DCS (distributed control system), FCS (fieldbus system) and CNC (numerical control system).

4. Personal computers: including desktops, computer all-in-one computers, laptops, handheld computers and tablet computers.

5. Embedded system: It is an application-centric, microprocessor-based, software and hardware can be tailored, and adapts to the application system's comprehensive and strict requirements for function, reliability, cost, volume, power consumption, etc. It generally consists of four parts: embedded microprocessors, peripheral hardware devices, embedded operating systems, and user applications.

The details are as follows: The development trend of computers in the future is giant, miniaturization, and networking, which means that computers have extremely high computing speed and large storage space. Miniaturization is inevitable for the development of large-scale and ultra-large-scale integrated circuits.

Intelligence is the idea of allowing computers to simulate the intelligent activities of humans.

1.The need to develop large-scale and VLSI integrated circuits. Since the first microprocessor chips were introduced, the pace of development has accelerated day by day.

The level of integration of computer chips doubles every 18 months, while ** halves. This is Moore's Law of the ratio of information technology development functions to the best of the best. The integration of computer chips is getting higher and higher, and the functions completed are getting stronger and stronger, which makes the process and popularity of computer miniaturization faster and faster.

2.Networking is the product of the close integration of computer technology and communication technology. Especially since the 90s of the 20th century, with the rapid development of inter, computer networks have been widely used in the fields of science, schools, enterprises, scientific research, families, etc., and more and more people have come into contact with and understand the concept of computer networks.

3.Computers connect different computers with independent functions in different geographical locations to each other through communication devices and transmission media. With the support of communication software, computers in a network can share resources, exchange information, and collaborate with each other.

The level of development of computer networks has become an important indicator to measure the degree of modernization of a country and plays an extremely important role in social and economic development.

4.Computers can simulate human intellectual activities such as learning, perceiving, understanding, judging, reasoning, etc. Have the ability to understand natural language, sounds, words, images, and have the ability to speak, so that the human machine can directly converse in natural language.

It can use existing and continuously learned knowledge to think, associate, and reason, and draw conclusions. It can solve complex problems and has the ability to collect memories and retrieve relevant knowledge.

The five main features of a computer are:

1) High degree of automation and strong processing capacity.

Computers represent the process of processing information as a program consisting of many instructions in a certain order. Computers have the ability to store programs in advance and execute them automatically according to the stored programs without human intervention, so there is a high degree of automation.

2) Fast computing speed and strong processing power.

Because computers use high-speed electronics, they can work at extremely high speeds. At present, ordinary microcomputers can execute hundreds of thousands of instructions per second, while giant computers can reach billions or even tens of billions of times per second. This rate is still increasing as technology evolves.

3) It has a high calculation accuracy.

In scientific research and engineering design, there are high requirements for the accuracy of the calculation results. General calculation tools can only reach a few digits, while the accuracy of the computer to the data processing results can reach more than a dozen digits, dozens of significant digits, and even any accuracy can be achieved according to the need. Since the computer uses binary to represent data, its accuracy mainly depends on the length of the computer's words, and the longer the word, the more significant digits and the higher the accuracy.

4) It has the memory function of large storage capacity.

The memory of the computer has the function of storing and remembering a large amount of information, which gives the computer the ability to "remember". At present, the storage capacity of computers has reached gigabit or even higher orders of magnitude, and is still increasing, and its "memory" function is an important difference from traditional computers.

5) It has the function of logical judgment.

Computers not only have basic arithmetic ability, but also have the ability to make logical judgments, which enables computers to carry out work with the nature of logical processing, such as data classification and information retrieval. This ability is a prerequisite for computers to process logical reasoning.

In addition, the microcomputer also has small size, light weight, low power consumption, strong function, flexible use, easy maintenance, high reliability, easy to master, cheap and so on.

The prospects for studying IT are good.

1. The computer industry is in high demand, the job is easy to find, and the working environment is also good.

2. The work of the computer industry is relatively close to the social contact and keeps up with the trend, so the knowledge and thinking will be more open, which is also conducive to their own development in the future.

3. Learning computers is relatively fast, and learning is not very difficult.

4. Now some schools have some skills plus academic policies, but it mainly depends on your own choice, although going to college sounds good, but many college students are unemployed after graduation, it is better to learn the door technology as soon as possible, you can work after graduation, choose the right industry, and the future development will be very large. You can go and learn computer networking, and learning network is a good choice now.

The development trend of future computers is 1: miniaturization.

What is miniaturization? To put it simply, miniaturization means that the computer is smaller. For those who need to often carry the computer out to work, if the computer is too heavy, it is very tiring to carry it out, and the current volume of the computer is obviously not up to the ideal weight in people's hearts.

Let's give you an example, there are two sizes of office computers, one is about 13 inches, and the volume and weight are about 1365g; The other is more than 15 inches, and the volume weight will basically not exceed 1500g. Therefore, regarding the volume of computers, it is believed that this is one of the trends in the development of computers in the future, and it is hoped that the volume of computers in the future can be controlled at about 500g.

The development trend of future computers is two: giantization.

The so-called mega means that computers are more responsive, have larger storage capacity, are more functional, and are more reliable. Nowadays, computers have been used in all aspects, such as electronics, artificial intelligence, military, etc., computer applications can be said to be very extensive, which can reflect a phenomenon, people's requirements for computers are also higher, if the computer replacement speed is slow, it will affect the country's economic development. Therefore, it is believed that the development trend of computers in the future needs to be accelerated again in terms of the speed of upgrading, which is giantization.

The development trend of future computers is three: intelligence.

Needless to say, intelligence literally means that computers are more intelligent, in line with human standards, and can simulate human feelings and thought processes. For example, if someone needs to search for information on the Internet, there are usually many search results, which requires people to look down one by one to find the information they want; And if the computer search engine can simulate people's feelings and thoughts, automatically identify the information that people want, and rank it in the first place, then it can save people a lot of time, and it is very convenient. Therefore, the development trend of computers in the future believes that intelligence is also a very important aspect.

The general trend of computer development in the future is to develop in the direction of miniaturization, mega and intelligence.

Enables computers to simulate human intellectual activities, such as learning, perceiving, understanding, judging, reasoning, and other abilities. Have the ability to understand natural language, sounds, words and images, and have the ability to speak, so that the human machine can speak directly in natural language.

Able to use existing and continuously learned knowledge to think, associate, reason, and draw conclusions, be able to solve complex problems, and have the ability to collect memories and retrieve relevant knowledge.

System-level energy-saving technologies:

In addition to the above-mentioned technologies such as CPU power consumption control, CPU working frequency adjustment, liquid cooling, low-power dedicated chips, and chip-level cooling, academia and business circles are also researching system-level energy-saving technologies and products, including: dynamic adjustment of system status based on load conditions, implementation of dormancy of some nodes or components; The CPU task queue is adjusted according to the different energy consumption of each process, for example, some tasks that generate more heat are migrated from the CPU with higher temperature to the CPU with lower temperature to achieve a balance of energy consumption. Dong Hong.