Chlorophyll is formed only under what conditions

Conditions that affect the formation of chlorophyll

1) Light Light is the main condition that affects the formation of chlorophyll. Changing from protochlorophyll to chlorophyll requires light, and if the light is too strong, the chlorophyll will be destroyed by photooxidation. Seedlings grown in the dark are yellowish-white, as are the stems and leaves that are shaded or buried in the soil.

There are exceptions to this phenomenon of yellowing the leaves due to the lack of certain conditions that affect the formation of chlorophyll, called yellowing, for example, algae, mosses, ferns and coniferous plants can synthesize chlorophyll in the dark, and its amount is certainly not as great as that formed in light; Chlorophyll can be formed in the cotyledons of citrus seeds and the germ of lotus seeds without light, and it is speculated that they contain biological substances that can replace visible light. �

2) Temperature The biosynthesis of chlorophyll is a series of enzymatic reactions that are affected by temperature. The minimum temperature of chlorophyll formation is about 2, the optimal temperature is about 30, and the maximum temperature is about 40. The yellowing of leaves in autumn and the whitening of seedlings after the cold wave in early spring were related to the inhibition of chlorophyll formation by low temperature.

The decomposition of chlorophyll is greater than the synthesis at high temperature, so the green leafy vegetables turn yellow in less than a day after being stored in summer. On the contrary, when the temperature is lower, the chlorophyll disintegrates slowly, which is one of the reasons for low temperature preservation. �

3) Nutrients The formation of chlorophyll must have certain nutrients. Nitrogen and magnesium are the components of chlorophyll, while iron, manganese, copper, zinc, etc. have catalytic functions or other indirect effects in the biosynthesis of chlorophyll. Therefore, the absence of these elements can cause chlorosis, especially nitrogen, which has the greatest effect, so the depth of leaf color can be used as a measure of the nitrogen level in the plant.

4) Oxygen Hypoxia can cause the accumulation of Mg-protoporphyrin IX or Mg-protoporphyrin methyl ester, which affects the synthesis of chlorophyll. �

5) Water Lack of water not only affects chlorophyll biosynthesis, but also promotes the accelerated decomposition of the original chlorophyll, so the leaves are yellow-brown in drought.

In addition, the formation of chlorophyll is also controlled by genetic factors, such as the inability to synthesize chlorophyll from albino seedlings of rice and maize, as well as flowers and leaves in flowers. Some viruses can also cause mosaic disease.

The chlorophyll in the plant body is synthesized on the one hand, decomposed on the other hand, and constantly renewed in the metabolic process. If the environment is not suitable, the formation of chlorophyll is affected, while the decomposition process continues, so the stems and leaves turn yellow and the photosynthetic rate decreases.

There are light conditions and it is green.

Light finding conditions (this is the reason why plants turn yellow in no light conditions).

Weak light conditions are fine, much smaller than the light compensation point.

1.Light: Light is essential for chloroplast development and chlorophyll synthesis.

If there is no light, the leaves of plants will turn yellow, and this phenomenon of yellowing the leaves due to the lack of certain conditions that affects the formation of chlorophyll is called yellowing. However, algae, mosses, ferns, and coniferous plants can synthesize chlorophyll in the dark, and the cotyledons of citrus seeds and the germ of lotus seeds can synthesize chlorophyll in secret, and the mechanism of their synthesis is still unclear.

2.Temperature: The synthesis of chlorophyll is a series of enzymatic reactions and is therefore highly influenced by temperature.

The minimum temperature of chlorophyll formation is about 2 4 , the optimal temperature is 20 30, and the maximum temperature is about 40. Temperatures that are too high or too low will reduce the synthesis rate, and the original chlorophyll will be destroyed. The yellowing of leaves in autumn and the whitening of seedlings after the cold wave in early spring were related to the inhibition of chlorophyll formation by low temperature.

3.Mineral elements: nitrogen and magnesium are the constituents of chlorophyll, and iron, copper, manganese, and zinc are cofactors for enzymatic reactions in chlorophyll synthesis. When these elements are deficient, chlorophyll cannot be formed, and plants suffer from green deficiency, especially nitrogen, which has the greatest effect.

4.Water: Plant water deprivation inhibits chlorophyll biosynthesis and is associated with hindered protein synthesis. When there is a severe shortage of water, it will also accelerate the decomposition of the original chlorophyll, and the synthesis is greater than the decomposition, so the leaves are yellow-brown in drought.

5.Oxygen: Under strong light, when the plant absorbs excess light energy, oxygen participates in the photooxidation of chlorophyll; Hypoxia does not synthesize chlorophyll.

In addition, the formation of chlorophyll is also controlled by genetic factors. Even under suitable conditions, the albino seedlings of rice and maize, as well as the flowers and leaves of flowers, still cannot synthesize chlorophyll.

Chlorophyll is one of the most important pigments associated with photosynthesis. is a family of lipid-containing pigments located in thylakoid membranes. The factors that affect chlorophyll synthesis are: sunlight, carbon dioxide, moisture in the soil, mineral elements.

German chemist Wellstein Oaknut. At the beginning of the 20th century, the most advanced color layer separation method was used to extract the substances in the green leaves. After 10 years of hard work, Welstedt used tons of green leaves to finally capture the mysterious substance in the leaves - chlorophyll, it is because of the strange role played by chlorophyll in the plant body that we can survive the blue species.

For the successful extraction of chlorophyll, in 1915, Wellstedt was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.

What influences the synthesis of chlorophyllLight is the main condition that affects the formation of chlorophyll. In addition to the growth of waves above 680nm, if its energy value is large enough, the illumination of each wavelength in visible light can promote the synthesis of chlorophyll. The effect of this factor was verified by experiments in which the green leaves turned yellow under no light, and the yellow leaves turned green under light.

However, in vitro chlorophyll is easily decomposed under strong light.

Temperature. Temperature affects chlorophyll synthesis by affecting the activity of enzymes. In general, the minimum temperature for chlorophyll synthesis is 2 4 ° C, the optimal temperature is 30 ° C, and the maximum temperature is 40 ° C.

Mineral elements Mineral elements also have a great influence on the synthesis of chlorophyll. N and mg are components of the chlorophyll molecule, and the leaves turn yellow when they are missing. Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, etc. are activators of certain enzymes in the process of chlorophyll formation, which play an indirect role in the formation of chlorophyll.

1. Light, light is the main condition affecting chlorophyll synthesis.

2. Temperature, which affects the enzymatic reaction.

3. Nutrients, nitrogen and magnesium are its constituents, and iron, manganese, copper and zinc have catalytic or other effects in the synthesis process of shed rent.

4. Oxygen, which affects the accumulation of protoporphyrin tetra or protoporphyrin methyl ester.

5. Water, the lack of chain staring at the influence of water will destroy chlorophyll synthesis.