How is kiwi cultivated? How to plant and manage kiwifruit

Kiwifruit planting management: planting time, land preparation and fertilization, planting methods, soil management, fertilization management, water management.

1. Planting time

The southern region is relatively warm, and there will be no freezing phenomenon in winter, and it is planted in the silver celery row during the autumn rainy period, and the northern region is generally planted in the dormant period of kiwifruit seedlings, that is, before March in early spring or before the kiwifruit sprouts after the leaves fall.

2. Soil preparation and fertilization

Land preparation is generally selected after the rain when the soil is relatively loose, at this time the effect of deep turning will be better than other times, in the process of deep turning into the application of farmhouse fertilizer as base fertilizer, the amount of application per mu is more than 250 kg, after the deep turning is completed, dig out the depth and width of about 30 cm, the row spacing is about 3 meters of the drainage ditch, the excavated soil is piled up in the middle of the ridge, and the tile back shape is made into a low middle on both sides.

3. Planting methods

Because kiwifruit is dioecious, pollination is carried out by the male tree, and fruiting is carried out by the female tree, so when planting, the male and female trees need to be evenly dispersed in a ratio of 1:6 or 1:8, maintaining a plant spacing of 3 meters and a row spacing of 4 meters.

4. Soil management

Kiwifruit's * soil management has deep ploughing and weeding, deep ploughing is generally combined with basal fertilizer, planting 1 to 2 years after digging a deep fertilization ditch around the root system of the plant, and so on until the end of the garden or pruning, the * soil other than the ditch is turned 20 to 30 cm deep, the depth of cultivating and weeding is 10 to 15 cm, shallow tillage near the tree tray in spring, and weeding is carried out in addition to shallow tillage near the tree tray in June and July in summer.

5. Fertilization management

Fertilization of kiwifruit seedlings should be a small amount of many times, thin fertilizer diligent, it is best to use composting, dig a shallow ditch at a certain distance from the root and apply it and seal, apply fertilizer 3 times a year and top dressing 2 times, the first top dressing in the seedling germination stage, each plant top dressing 4 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer, the second top dressing in the seedling growth period, according to the seedling growth state of compound fertilizer, after the fruit tree harvest into 40 kg of organic fertilizer and 3 kg of phosphate fertilizer.

6. Water management

Because the distribution of kiwifruit roots is shallow, so the soil is too dry and too moist are not conducive to plant growth, and kiwifruit likes moist soil, in the hot and dry climate in summer, if the soil is too dry, the leaves are easy to wither and wither, and the new shoots will also stop growing because of lack of water, so it is very necessary to manage the water of kiwifruit, and irrigate when the soil is dry, so keep the soil in a moist but not wet state.

Kiwifruit is a vine plant that prefers to grow in semi-shaded conditions, and generally grows best in bushes.

First, the climatic requirements for the planting of kiwifruit.

Kiwifruit prefers a warm, warm climate, and sunny, cool, well-vegetated hills and low mountainous areas are best for planting. Planting kiwifruit requires abundant rainfall, with annual precipitation of more than 1000 mm, relative humidity of the air not less than 70%, and an average annual temperature of more than 12.

For example, the climate environment of summer and autumn air temperature, dry and hot wind, strong sunlight and low relative humidity of the air in the plain area is not suitable for most kiwifruit varieties, resulting in a large number of sunburn fruits, so the plain area is not suitable for planting kiwifruit.

For example, in some areas such as Hainan and Guangdong, where there is no frost in winter, kiwifruit has no dormancy period due to climate reasons, so it only grows branches and leaves, and most varieties cannot flower and bear fruit. Therefore, it is not suitable to plant kiwifruit in Hainan and Guangdong.

For example, when the winter temperature in Northeast China and other places is -20 times, most varieties such as Chinese kiwifruit will freeze and die, and only soft jujube kiwifruit can be cultivated.

For example, in places above 1000 meters above sea level, due to the low effective accumulated temperature and the large temperature difference between day and night, the kiwifruit growth period is short, so that high yield, stable yield and large quantity cannot be obtained, so the area above 1000 meters above sea level is not suitable for cultivating kiwifruit.

Farming Gang Reminder: Poor soil and unfavorable land shape can be artificially transformed, but the climate and environment cannot be regulated, so before choosing fruit varieties for planting, it is necessary to understand the growth environmental conditions of fruits in detail.

Second, the requirements of kiwifruit planting for water.

Kiwifruit is a fruit tree that needs more water, generally growing 1000 kg of kiwifruit fruit, and the water requirement is 25 30 tons. For example, the long-term lack of water during the growth period of kiwifruit will cause branches and leaves to wither, fall leaves and fruits. Plantations cannot be used as kiwifruit cultivation sites without the guarantee of water sources.

Third, the requirements of kiwifruit planting on the terrain.

Topography has a great influence on the high yield, stable yield and long-term efficiency of kiwifruit, and it is recommended to grow kiwifruit in hilly and mountainous gentle slopes (slope should not exceed 30 degrees) at an altitude of 50 800 m.

Fourth, the requirements of kiwifruit planting on the soil.

The deep soil layer, fertile alluvial soil and sandy loam soil are suitable for growing kiwifruit. The pH value of the soil was the most suitable for the growth of kiwifruit, and the pH value below 5 or higher than 7 was not conducive to the growth of Kiwifruit. It should be noted that kiwifruit has more demand for medium and trace elements than other crops, so it is necessary to apply an appropriate amount of iron, magnesium, boron and other elemental fertilizers every year.

In the cultivation of kiwifruit trees, loose and fertile soil is selected to ensure the air permeability of the soil. Timely supplement the kiwifruit tree with phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, do a good job of sufficient nutrient supplementation, and the fertilizer needs to be diluted before use. Frequent thinning of kiwi trees can effectively enhance air circulation.

The scaffolding treatment of the kiwifruit tree can effectively promote the climbing of the branches.

When planting kiwi trees, it is necessary to choose loose and fertile soil to ensure the air permeability of the soil, and mud and sand can be appropriately added. Add a certain amount of organic fertilizer and make sufficient nutrient supplements. Frequent soil turning treatment for kiwi trees can effectively promote the absorption of roots.

In the rainy season, there is a lot of rain, so do a good job of draining and changing the water in the soil.

Sufficient nutrient supplementation can promote the continuous growth of kiwifruit. In the growth period of kiwifruit trees, it is necessary to apply organic fertilizer once a month, and in the flowering and fruiting stage, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer can be added to the kiwifruit trees, which can effectively improve the yield. The fertilizer needs to be diluted and used to avoid too high concentration and root burning.

The kiwi tree has dense foliage and needs to be pruned frequently. Proper pruning of the branches and leaves of the kiwi tree can reduce the consumption of excess nutrients and effectively promote the germination of flower buds and new branches and leaves. Frequent thinning of kiwi trees can effectively enhance air circulation and avoid the breeding of bacteria and insect pests.

The vines of the kiwi tree grow rapidly and need to be treated in time. Small sticks are inserted around the branches of the kiwi tree to follow the continuous growth of the kiwi tree. When the fruit grows, it crushes the kiwi tree.

The branches of the kiwi tree need to be fixed on the support to effectively promote the germination of new branches and leaves.