How is bursa treated and what are the symptoms

This is a common poultry disease.

Key features: It is diarrhea, chills, extreme weakness, bursa and kidney lesions.

2. The original disease virus is infectious bursal virus, which belongs to the family Reoviridae. The virus is very resistant, it can not be inactivated after 60 after 90 minutes, can survive for 3 years at -20, and can be killed by maintaining more than 30 for 1 hour in a strong alkaline environment with a pH value of 12. It is resistant to ultraviolet rays and sunlight, and the feces, feed, and drinking water removed from the sick bird cage remain infectious after 52 days.

Mites, mosquitoes, small beetles, etc. can be transmitted with poison. The first disinfectant is formaldehyde, followed by chloramine for human use, etc., in addition, the toadstool and Xinjieer also have a certain effect.

3 Epidemiology.

Young birds are susceptible to infection. Modes of transmission include direct contact and indirect transmission through feed, drinking water, litter, faeces, dust, cages, clothing, etc. The virus is transmitted not only through the respiratory and digestive tracts, but also through bird eggs, and can also be transmitted by certain insects.

The bursa is a structure unique to birds, located posterior and superior to the cloaca, and the walls of the sac are filled with lymphoid tissue. The similar structure of the human and mammalian bursa may be the bone marrow or the lymphoid tissue in the intestine (collecting lymph nodes, appendix, etc.), which also has the function of bursa Falsus. Its size varies significantly with age, gradually disappearing as it matures.

The bursa of Franchis, also known as the supracoluminal capsule, is an immune organ unique to birds and is located above the cloaca. Infectious bursal disease in chickens is a specific disease caused by a virus that damages the bursa of chickens. Although the mortality rate directly caused by this disease is not very high, the sick chickens often suffer from infectious diseases such as Newcastle disease due to damage to the bursa and imperfect immune function, causing great losses.

1) Epidemic characteristics The peak incidence of the disease is 3 7 weeks old, and the chicks within 2 weeks of age are resistant to the disease; It can occur all year round; It can be transmitted through direct contact or through contaminated feed, bedding, utensils, clothing, insects, eggs, etc., through the digestive and respiratory tracts.

2) The main symptoms and autopsy changes of the flock of chickens suddenly onset, sick chickens are not energetic, chills, messy wings, unstable gait, shrinking head, closed eyes, lying on the ground, thin feces, feathers around the anal mouth are stained with feces, a small number of sick chickens have the phenomenon of pecking anus, generally the third day after the onset of death, 5 7 days to reach the peak, 8 days to stop death, and the symptoms disappear quickly.

The most characteristic lesion on autopsy is in the bursa of Farnier, which is purple-black in appearance and highly edematous in the sac, enlarged to about twice the normal value. Incision of the bursa reveals edema, hyperemia, hemorrhage, necrosis of the mucosa in the sac, jelly-like yellow material on the surface, often bleeding, and creamy exudate in the bursa of the bursa of Farnier. On the 5th day after the onset of the disease, the bursa began to shrink, and after the 8th day, it was only about 1 3 of the original, and the color was waxy yellow.

There are patchy hemorrhagic spots on the chest and leg muscles, and the color of the pectoral muscles is lighter. The glandular gastric mucosa is congested and flushed, and there are hemorrhagic spots in the mucosa outside the junction of the glandular stomach and muscular stomach, arranged in a band-like pattern.

3) Prevention and control At present, there are mainly the following prevention and control measures:

Serum**: Infectious bursal disease in chickens with high immunity serum or yolk antibody, each milliliter of chicks and 1 2 ml of each large chicken, subcutaneous or intramuscular injection, once is sufficient, and if necessary, it is injected again the next day. At present, it is commonly used to immunize against yolk antibodies.

Strengthen the care of sick chickens: adopt the all-in, all-out feeding system for prevention, appropriately increase the temperature of the house in the cold season, keep quiet in the house, evacuate if the density of the chicken flock is too large, and appropriately increase multivitamins in the feed. Due to the reduced feed intake of sick chickens, compound oral rehydration salts, vitamin C, vitamin K, vitamin B or 1% 2% milk powder can be added to the drinking water, and 4% 5% glucose can also be added to supplement heat energy and improve physical fitness.

Vaccination: The most effective way to prevent the disease is to be vaccinated against infectious bursal disease, which is currently commonly used. Chicks without maternal antibodies (breeders are not immunized or have not developed the disease) are vaccinated for the first time within 1 week of age and again within 3 to 5 weeks of age; Chicks with maternal antibodies can be inoculated once at 2-3 weeks of age.

Generally, breeders use 2-week-old larger-dose poisoning atthenovirant vaccine for the first immunization, 4 5 weeks of age and then strengthen immunization once, before laying eggs (18 20 weeks old) and 38 weeks of age each injection of oil adjuvant inactivated seedlings. In general, high maternal antibody levels can be maintained, and broiler chicks are mostly immunized twice at 2 weeks of age and 4 to 5 weeks of age.

There is no effective way to do this. 1.Injection of chicken infectious bursitis high immunity serum, intramuscular injection per milliliter, injection once.

2.Injection of new double high-free egg yolk antibody 1---2 ml per chicken (to increase the rate of **, interferon can be added to the egg yolk), add kidney medicine to drinking water or add sodium bicarbonate to feed.

Injection of anti-infectious bursitis with high free yolk, 5 ml each.

Strengthen the care of young birds, keep warm in the cold season, and appropriately increase multivitamins in the feed. 4% 5% glucose can be added to drinking water to supplement heat energy and improve physical fitness.

**Scheme] 1: In areas where the disease occurs before immunization bursa vaccine or the local epidemic is more serious, the sick flock should be found in time to urgently inject bursa antibodies. Antibodies are supplemented with penic, streptomycin, or cephalosporin for injection.

Antimicrobial medication in the morning. Between noon and evening, antivirals containing antipyretics are consumed in a concentrated amount of 6 to 8 hours throughout the day. Use for 3 days.

At night, drink water with kidney medicine and glucose.

2: After immunizing the bursa vaccine, and it is found that timely medication can be controlled, and the stress of antibody injection will affect the growth of at least 2 to 3 days, and it can also cause mutual infection of diseases. In this outpatient clinic, if it is found that it is not recommended to inject antibodies in time, it can be controlled on the same day with drugs, and the flock can generally return to normal in 3 to 5 days.

The experience of drug use is often smaller than that of the injected flock, and the recovery and growth of the flock in the later stage are better than that of the injected flock. However, the medicine used must be sure, and the prescription I use in the clinic is mainly the prescription that I have summarized. If you are not sure about the drug you are administering, it is recommended to use antibodies.

3: ** emphasizes that it is necessary to add some antibacterial drugs when playing antibodies; The condition of the chicken flock is not too serious, the disease is found in time, I personally think that there is no need to add interferon, transfer factor, phytohemagglutinin and so on, if the chicken ** is seriously ill, found that the disease is late, the bursa has been seriously affected by Xun can be considered to add interferon, transfer factor, phytohemagglutinin one, to control the disease will play a certain role, to prevent the later stimulation of Newcastle disease.