What dynasty was Sima Qian from, and what kind of character was he?

Literary Scholar - Sima Qian.

Sima Qian (c. 145 BC - 90 BC), the character is long, and he was a native of Xiayang, Fengyi (now Hancheng, Shaanxi). He began to read ancient books at the age of 10, studied very seriously, and when he encountered difficult problems, he always thought about them repeatedly until he understood them. At the age of 20, Sima Qian set out from Chang'an and traveled to various places.

Later, he returned to Chang'an and became Langzhong. Lang Zhong guarded the palace gates, managed the chariots, and traveled with the emperor. He traveled with Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty several times and visited many places.

At the age of 35, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty sent him as an envoy to Yunnan, Sichuan, Guizhou and other places. He learned about the customs and people of some ethnic minorities there. After the death of his father Sima Tan, in 108 BC (the third year of Yuan Feng), Sima Qian succeeded him as Taishi Ling.

In 104 B.C. (the first year of Taichu), he and astronomer Tang Du and others made the "Taichu Calendar". In the same year, he began to compile the "Historical Records". In 99 BC (the second year of the Tianhan Dynasty), Li Ling attacked the Xiongnu, was defeated and surrendered, and Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was furious.

Sima Qian defended Li Ling, angered Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, ** was imprisoned, and made a Zhongshu order. He paid money to atone for his sins in accordance with the provisions of the Han Dynasty decree and was "corrupted". In 96 BC (the first year of Taishi), he was pardoned and released from prison, made a Chinese book order, and mastered the emperor's documents.

He wrote the book with great enthusiasm and devoted himself to writing the "Records of the Historians", and finally completed the writing and revision of the whole book at the age of about 55. In addition to the "Historical Records", Sima Qian also wrote 8 articles, all of which have been lost, but the "Art and Literature Gathering" volume 30 cites a fragment of "The Sorrowful Man Does Not Meet the Fu". He also wrote the "Book of Reporting to Ren'an", which recorded his experience of being imprisoned and punished and his ambition to repair history.

Western Han Dynasty

Sima Qian (145 BC or 135 BC is not available), the character is long, born in Longmen (Xiayang, Western Han Dynasty, now Hancheng City, Shaanxi Province, also known as Hejin City, Shanxi Province), Western Han Dynasty historian, writer, thinker. Sima Tanyuan's buried son, Ren Tai Shi Ling, was called Shi Qian and Sima Qian by later generations, and Sima Qian was a figure in the Han Dynasty. Sima Qian, a native of Xiayang, was a historian and essayist of the Western Han Dynasty in the Western Han Dynasty.

He was honored by later generations as Shi Qian, Tai Shi Gong, and the father of history.

Sima Qian (145 BC or 135 BC - not available), a native of Xiayang (now Hanchengnan, Shaanxi). Historian and essayist of the Western Han Dynasty. Sima Tan's son, Ren Taishi Ling, was punished by the palace for defending Li Ling's defeat, and later served as a hail ant in Zhongshuling.

He continued to complete the historical books he wrote, and was honored by later generations as Shi Qian, Taishi Gong, and the father of history.

In his early years, Sima Qian studied under Kong Anguo and Dong Zhongshu, roaming all over the world, understanding customs and collecting rumors. The first Langzhong was appointed to the southwest. In the third year of Yuan Feng (108 BC), he served as Taishi Ling, inherited his father's business, and wrote history.

With his historical knowledge of "studying heaven and man, through the changes of the past and the present, and becoming the words of a family", he created China's first general history of the chronicle "Luxiang Historical Records" (formerly known as "Taishi Gongshu"). Recognized as a model of Chinese history books, the book records the history of more than 3,000 years from the legendary Yellow Emperor period to the first year of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, and is the first of the "Twenty-five History", which is praised by Lu Xun as "the swan song of the historian, the rhyme of the separation".

Originally known as "Taishi Gong" or "Taishi Gongji" or "Taishi Gongji", "Taishi Ji", it is a historical book written by Sima Qian, a historian of the Western Han Dynasty, and is the first general history in Chinese history, recording the history of more than 3,000 years from the era of the Yellow Emperor in ancient legends to the four years of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. In the first year of Taichu (104 BC), Sima Qian began the creation of the Taishi Gongshu, which was later known as the Historical Records. It took 14 years for the work to be completed.

Sima Qian was born in Xiayang 145 years ago, and Sima Qian was educated by Kong Anguo and Dong Zhongshu in his early years, roaming around the world, understanding customs and collecting rumors. The first Langzhong was appointed to the southwest.

Yuan Feng served as the Taisulian Historical Order for three years, inherited his father's business, and wrote history. With his historical knowledge of studying heaven and man, through the changes of the past and the present, and the words of a family, he created China's first general history "Historical Records".

Recognized as a model of Chinese history books, the book records the history of more than 3,000 years from the legendary Yellow Emperor period to the first year of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, and is the first of the "Twenty-five History", which is praised by Lu Xun as "the swan song of the historian, the rhyme of the separation".

Extended information: Among the astrologers of the Han and Han dynasties, Sima Qian was the first to be proposed. People know that Sima Qian is a great historian, but they don't know that he is also an expert in astronomy and astronomy.

Ancient historians originally regarded ephemeris as one of their duties, so it is not surprising that they were proficient in the study of astrology. However, Sima Qian was able to use the far-sighted vision of a historian to combine astrology with historical issues to study the changes of heaven and man through the past and the present.

This is something that no other astrologer or historian can match. Sima Qian did not use astrology to account for specific personnel variations, but used it to summarize historical laws, which cannot but be said to be his creative application of galaxy.

Sima Qian inherited his father's legacy, completed the "Historical Records" and the task of pushing the ancient and heavenly changes, and clearly stated that it was the change of the ancient and modern times, and when the heavens and men were studied, his conclusion was expressed in the "Book of Heavenly Officials", that is, according to the solar eclipse between the Spring and Autumn Period 242.

Three. Ten. 6. Comets and other astrological signs.

The contact point is the decline of the Son of Heaven and the social turmoil of the Warring States and the Qin and Han dynasties, and summarizes the small change in the 30th year, the 100th year, the 500th year, the big change, the three major changes in the first era, and the large number of the three major periods.

A native of Xiayang (now Hanchengnan, Shaanxi).

Sima Qian was a historian of the Western Han Dynasty.

Sima Qian was a famous historian and essayist in the Western Han Dynasty. Sima Qian wrote China's first general history of the Chronicles, and is known as Shi Qian, Taishi Gong, and the father of history.

Sima Qian's achievements

1. Completed the writing of "Historical Records", which is China's first general history in the form of biographies, which was called "the swan song of historians and the separation of rhymes" by Mr. Lu Xun, and "Historical Records" has a great influence on the literary history of later generations.

2. Have advanced thinking of economic thinking. More than 2,000 years ago, Sima Qian put forward the "market mechanism", arguing that if China wanted to become rich and strong, it must trade with foreign countries, and this mechanism is also very desirable today.

3. Astronomical achievements. Sima Qian inherited his father's legacy and completed the task of "pushing the ancient and heavenly changes", and clearly stated that "through the changes of the past and the present, the time of studying the heavens and men", occupies the highest position in the entire history of astrology.

Sima Qian's representative works

Sima Qian's representative works include "Historical Records", "The Book of Reporting to Ren'an", and "The Tragic Man Does Not Meet the Fu". Among them, the "Records of the Historian" is an epoch-making symbol in the history of Chinese history, and is listed as the first of the 24 histories, with a far-reaching influence.