Basic knowledge of electricity, basic knowledge of electricity

1. Electricity is a natural phenomenon, which refers to the physical phenomenon produced by a stationary or moving electric charge, and is a property of the repulsive force and attraction generated between subatomic particles such as electrons and protons.

2. Lightning in nature is an electrical phenomenon. The electromagnetic force is one of the four fundamental interactions in nature. There are two phenomena of electron motion: we say that an atom that lacks electrons is positively charged, and an atom that has excess electrons is said to be negatively charged.

3. In real life, the mechanism of electricity gives many well-known effects, such as lightning, triboelectric induction, electrostatic induction, electromagnetic induction, and so on.

4. Long before there was any specific understanding of electricity, people already knew that electric fish would deliver electric shocks. Ancient Egyptian books written as early as 4,750 years ago record that these fish were called "thunder messengers of the Nile" and were the protectors of all other fish. It was about 2,500 years later that the Greeks, Romans, Arab naturalists and Arab physicians began to write about the fish.

5. However, for thousands of years, people only observed natural phenomena such as thunder and lightning, and did not understand the nature of electricity, until 1600, due to the rigorous scientific attitude of the British scientist William Gilbert, began to systematically study the emergence of electricity and magnetism.

Electricity is a physical phenomenon that is the movement of charged particles, and its flow is capable of generating electric current and driving various electrical equipment to work.

In physics, electricity is a phenomenon created by the motion of charged particles, such as electrons or ions, in an electric field. They transmit electrical energy through electrical conductors, such as copper wires, to form electrical circuits. The flow of electricity can drive the work of various electric source devices, such as electric lights, televisions, electric resistant brains, etc.

In a circuit, voltage (potential difference) is the difference in the strength of the electric field caused by the uneven distribution of charges, while current is the flow of charges, due to the slow flow of electrons, in fact the current is the movement of charges, so the unit of current is ampere, 1 ampere = 1 coulomb second. Whereas, resistance is the obstacle encountered by the current through an object, and it is measured in ohms. The basic knowledge of electricity is the foundation for understanding electricity and how circuits work.

Areas of application of electricity:

1. Communication: The telecommunication system uses electromagnetic waves to transmit information, such as **, radio, Internet, etc.

2. Lighting: Electrical energy can be converted into light energy, and lighting can be achieved through bulbs or fluorescent lamps.

3. Refrigeration: Use electric energy to drive the refrigeration cycle to cool the air or objects.

4. Heating: Use electric energy to heat objects, such as ovens, water heaters, induction cookers, etc.

5. Industry: Electric energy is widely used in production and manufacturing processes, such as motors, conveyor belts, machine tools, etc.

6. Medical: electrical energy is used in medicine and diagnosis, such as electrocardiogram, ultrasound, CT, etc. <>

Hello Kiss is happy to answer this question for you. 1. Common sense of household safety electricity 1. Avoid overload use of household power cords, and replace worn and aging power cords in time to avoid accidents. 2. The total insurance of household power supply and the sub-household insurance should be reasonably configured to protect household appliances.

3. Qualified power cords, power plugs, and sockets should be used to connect temporary power supplies, and they should be safe and reliable. If it is damaged, it cannot be used, and the power cord connector should be wrapped with adhesive tape. 4. When the temporary power line is close to the high-voltage transmission line, it should keep a sufficient safety distance from the high-voltage transmission line (10kV and below meters; 35kV, 1m; 110kV, m; 220kV, 3m; 500kv, 5 meters).

5. It is strictly forbidden to connect the wiring from the public line privately. 6. The line joint should ensure good contact and reliable connection. 7. For room decoration, the power cord hidden in the wall should be placed in a special flame retardant sheath, and the cross-section of the power cord should meet the load requirements.

8. When using power tools such as electric drills, you must wear insulated gloves. 9. In case of fire of household appliances, the power supply should be cut off before putting out the fire. 10. The wiring of household appliances must be ensured correctly, and professionals should be asked in time if in doubt.

11. Household electricity should be equipped with a qualified leakage protector with overvoltage protection to ensure personal safety when using household appliances. 12. When household appliances are in use, there should be a good shell grounding, and there should be a common ground line indoors. 13. Wet hands can not touch household appliances with electricity and objects, and can wipe household appliances in use with a damp cloth, and the power must be stopped before repairing household appliances.

14. Household electric heating equipment and heating equipment must be kept away from gas tanks and gas pipes, and when gas leakage is found, open the window for ventilation first, and do not pull the power supply, and ask professionals to repair it in time. 15. Use electric irons, electric soldering irons and other electric heating devices. It must be kept away from flammable materials, and the power should be cut off after use, and the latch should be unplugged to prevent accidents.

2. Precautions for safe household electricity l. Know and understand the main power switch, and learn to turn off the main power supply in an emergency. 2. Do not use hands or conductive objects (such as wires, nails, pins and other metal products) to contact and test the inside of the power socket. 3. Do not touch the electrical appliances with wet hands, and do not wipe the electrical appliances with a wet cloth.

4. Unplug the electrical appliance after use; Do not pull the wire when plugging and unplugging the power plug to prevent electric shock caused by damage to the insulation layer of the wire; The insulating skin of the wire is peeling off, and the new wire should be replaced in time or wrapped with insulating tape.

1. Do not use hands or conductive objects (such as wires, nails, pins and other metal products) to contact and test the bright part of the electric excitation base socket. 2. Do not touch the electrical appliances with wet hands, and do not wipe the electrical appliances with a wet cloth. 3.

If someone is found to be electrocuted, try to turn off the power in time; Or use dry wooden sticks and other objects to separate the electrocuted person from the electrified electrical appliances, and do not use your hands to directly save people. 4.Do not disassemble or install power lines, sockets, plugs, etc. at will.

Even simple things such as installing light bulbs should be turned off first and done under the guidance of parents. 5.When using electric heating devices such as electric irons and soldering irons, you must keep away from flammable materials, cut off the power supply after use, and unplug the latch to prevent accidents.