What is the knowledge essentials of logistics management and the basic content of logistics manageme

The purpose of logistics management is to achieve the established level of customer service under the lowest possible total cost conditions, that is, to seek a dynamic balance between service advantages and cost advantages, and thereby create a strategic advantage for enterprises in the competition. According to this goal, the basic problem to be solved by logistics management, simply put, is to provide the right product to the customer in the right quantity and the right place at the right time.

The main objectives of logistics management include: rapid response, minimal variation, minimum inventory, integrated transportation, product quality, and lifecycle support.

Rapid response is related to the ability of enterprises to meet customer service needs in a timely manner. Information technology has increased the ability to complete logistics operations in the shortest possible time and to deliver the required inventory as quickly as possible. The ability to respond quickly shifts the focus of logistics operations from the expectation of inventory reserves to the rapid response to customer needs from shipment to shipment.

Minimal variation is all about controlling as much as possible any unexpected events that would disrupt the performance of the logistics system. These incidents include delays in the time when the customer receives the order, unexpected damage occurs during manufacturing, goods are delivered to the wrong place, etc. The traditional way to address variation is to build a safe reserve stock or use high-cost premium shipping.

The use of information technology makes active logistics control possible.

The goal of minimum inventory is to reduce the burden on assets and increase the associated turnover rate. The high turnover rate of inventory availability means that the funds spread across the inventory are used efficiently. Therefore, maintaining a minimum inventory is all about reducing inventory to a minimum level that is consistent with customer service goals.

One of the most important logistics costs is transportation. Generally speaking, the larger the scale of the shipment and the longer the distance that needs to be transported, the lower the transportation cost per unit. This requires innovative planning to aggregate small batches of shipments into centralized, consolidated shipments with larger volumes.

Since logistics operations must be carried out at any time and across a wide geographical area, the requirements for product quality are intensified, as the vast majority of logistics operations are carried out outside the field of view of the supervisor. The cost of redoing a customer's order due to incorrect shipment or damage in transit is far more than it would be to fulfill it correctly the first time. Therefore, logistics is a major component in developing and sustaining continuous improvement in total quality management.

In some industries with strict product lifecycle requirements, excess inventory that has already flowed to customers will form a significant part of the cost of logistics operations. Without a careful look at the logistics needs of the reverse, it is impossible to develop a good logistics strategy. Therefore, product lifecycle support is also one of the important goals of design.

Logistics management instructions are: logistics control, logistics institutions, logistics control is the prerequisite for production management, reasonable logistics control is the production premise of business efficiency, high utilization rate. Logistics institutions include workshops, finished product warehouses, material warehouses, tool warehouses and company fleets.

Logistics management: It is the work to achieve the best coordination and cooperation of various logistics activities.

1. Informatization.

In the era of e-commerce, logistics informatization is an inevitable requirement of e-commerce. Logistics informatization is manifested in the commercialization of logistics information, the database and informatization of logistics information collection, the electronic and computerized processing of logistics information, the standardization and real-time transmission of logistics information, and the digitization of logistics information storage.

2. Automation.

There are many facilities for logistics automation, such as barcode, voice, radio frequency automatic identification system, automatic sorting system, automatic storage and retrieval system, automatic guided vehicle, automatic cargo tracking system, etc. These facilities have been widely used in logistics operations in developed countries, while in China due to the late start of the logistics industry and the low level of development, it will take a long time for automation technology to become widespread.

3. Networking.

The basis of networking in the field of logistics is also informatization, which is one of the main characteristics of logistics activities under e-commerce. The networking of logistics is the inevitable informatization of logistics, the availability of global network resources such as the Internet and the popularization of network technology in the world today provide a good external environment for the networking of logistics, and the logistics network is unstoppable.

4. Changes in the physical logistics network.

First of all, the number of warehouses will be reduced and inventory will be centralized. Secondly, in the future, the main form of logistics nodes is distribution centers. Finally, the integrated logistics center will be integrated with the large distribution center.

5. Intelligent.

This is a high-level application of logistics automation and informatization, and a large number of logistics operations and decision-making in the process of logistics operations, such as the determination of inventory levels, the selection of transportation (handling) paths, the running trajectory and operation control of automatic guided vehicles, the operation of automatic sorting machines, and the decision support of logistics distribution center operation and management need to be solved with the help of a large amount of knowledge.

In the process of logistics automation, logistics intelligence is an unavoidable technical problem. Fortunately, expert systems, robots and other related technologies have relatively mature research results in the world. In order to improve the level of logistics modernization, the intelligence of logistics has become a new trend in the development of logistics under e-commerce.

(1) Transportation function

This is a large-scale, long-distance transportation activity, and it is necessary to pay attention to how to deliver the goods to the destination at the right time, in the right place, and in the right amount of delay, and choose the most appropriate means of transportation.

(2) Distribution function

This morning is a small, geographically distributed activity. In contrast, the distance of transportation is longer, and the distribution is shorter, with the former requiring a large number of small quantities and a small variety of products. Therefore, the principle of time, place and amount is all the more important.

(3) Storage function

This is a kind of storage activity for the distribution and sale of products, and it is necessary to pay attention to choosing the appropriate storage place, controlling the storage time of the product, and maintaining the appropriate amount of inventory. Because, if the inventory is insufficient, it will not only lose profit opportunities, but also damage the corporate image; If there is too much inventory, it will increase the cost burden of the enterprise. Gather all kinds of intelligence to come up with the right market**.

(4) Loading and unloading function

This is a "labor-intensive" job, but if you can replace human labor with machinery, it will greatly increase profits and productivity.

(5) Industrial packaging function

This is a product protection measure that is applied to products during storage and transportation and distribution. Since many goods are shipped to the store and are immediately put on the shelves, it seems that there is no need to do too comprehensive packaging protection in the logistics center, so as to avoid increasing costs on the one hand, and increasing the difficulty of dismantling the store on the other.

(6) Distribution processing function

This function is mainly to do a good job of bridging the gap between the manufacturer and the store, so that the new products sent by the manufacturer can be immediately put on the shelves for sale when they are delivered to the store, so as to simplify the handling of the store personnel. These include marking the price on the goods, packing different goods into a box and sending them to the store, secondary processing of the goods, classification, scales, packaging, labeling, etc. It is important to pay attention to how to make the processing procedure as simple and systematic as possible to improve the processing efficiency.