How many schools are there for Peking Opera veterans, and what are the characteristics of each genre

1. Yang faction. The old Yang (Baosen) school matured in the 50s, and its main achievements lie in the distinctive singing and singing style, which is Yang Baosen from Tan (Xinpei) and from Yu (Shuyan). The results of artistic creation by making full use of strengths and avoiding weaknesses.

Successors: Ye Peng, Yang Naipeng, Zhang Ke, Li Jun, Yu Kuizhi, Yang Shaopeng, etc.

2, Liu Pai. The Liu School is an art of the old Peking Opera school founded by Liu Hongsheng, a famous Peking Opera artist in the early days. Liu Hongsheng joined the Peking Opera troupe from his hobby to sing, first acting cleanly, and then changing to old students, known for his high-pitched voice and smooth singing, forming his own artistic style.

Liu Pai's singing has extremely high requirements for the actor's voice conditions, and Liu Hongsheng passed away in middle age, so although there are many people who copy Liu, there are not many heirs.

3. High faction. From the late 20s to the early 30s of the 20th century, Gao Qingkui, a veteran actor of Peking Opera, took Liu Hongsheng's singing voice as the main body, and absorbed the singing characteristics of Sun Juxian, Tan Xinpei, Wang Guifen, Wang Hongshou and other families, and integrated the strengths of Jia Honglin, Lao Dan Xie Baoyun and Wusheng Huang Yueshan, plus his own artistic creation, forming a new genre of old students-Gao School.

Successors: Xin Baoda, Ni Maocai, Li Wenlin, Zhang Yuefu, Wu Ping.

4. Yu Pai. On the basis of comprehensively inheriting the art of the Tan (Xinpei) school, Yu Shuyan has carried out great development and creation with rich singing skills, and has become a representative of the "New Tan School", known as the "Yu School".

The art of singing was formed in the 20s and has had a huge impact on the various old schools that have emerged since the 30s.

Successors: Yang Baozhong, Wu Yanheng, Wang Shaolou, Tan Fuying, Li Shaochun, Meng Xiaodong, etc.

5. Language. Yan Jupeng In the 30s of the 20th century, the middle-aged Yan Jupeng based on his experience of learning Tan Xinpei for many years, combined with his own voice conditions, based on the Tan school singing, created a new tone, and became a school of his own, which was called "Yan School" by later generations.

Descendants: mainly Zhang Shaolou (female), Yan Shaopeng, Li Jiazai, Bi Yingqi and his grandson Yan Xingpeng, Ren Dechuan.

6. Tang faction. Peking Opera master Tang Yunsheng founded the Peking Opera art genre. It is a rare comprehensive art genre in the Peking Opera industry of the Tang School, and it is also the only art school formed in Northeast China that can represent and fully embody the style of Guan Tokyo Opera in the development of Peking Opera genre.

In 2006, the art of the Tang School of Peking Opera passed the national examination and approval and was included in the first batch of "National Intangible Cultural Heritage List".

Lao sheng is also known as beard sheng, zhengsheng, or beard sheng. The proper noun of beard in Peking Opera is "mustache". Lao Sheng mainly plays the role of middle-aged and above men, and sings and recites with his own voice (real voice) Lao Sheng basically wears three locks of black beard, and the term is called "black three".

In addition, there are gray, that is, gray three-lock beards, and the professional term is "black three". The white three-lock beard is called "white three". There is also a whole full beard, without dividing the locks, and the term is called "full".

Tang Yunsheng Tang faction.

Classic repertoire: He is good at performing repertoire such as "Ganning Hundred Horsemen Robbing Wei Ying", "Changban Slope", "Yanyang Building", "Money Leopard", "Iron Cage Mountain", "Knife Splitting Three Levels", "Ancient City Meeting", "Driving and Killing", "Fighting Dogs", "Juelongling", "Picking Star Tower", "Chasing Han Xin", "Xu Ce Running to the City", "Weiyang Palace" and so on.

Yan Ju Peng Yan faction.

Classic repertoire: Yan Jupeng's good repertoire, in the early days, he sang in the style of the Tan School, including "Drumming and Scolding Cao", "Catching and Releasing Cao", "Wujia Po", "Fenhe Bay", "Battle Taiping", "Selling Horses" and so on.

Yu Shuyan Yu faction.

Classic repertoire: "Zhan Fan City", "Changting Hui", "Picking Silk", "** Taiwan", "Taiping Bridge", "Shangtiantai", "Catch and Release the Accommodation", "Drumming and Scolding Cao", "Yangping Pass", "Lianying Village", "Empty City Strategy", "Zhanwan City", "Nanyang Pass", "Wujia Slope", "Fenhe Bay", "Selling Horses".

Gao Qingkui Gao faction.

Classic repertoire: Gao Qingkui's singing of "Xiaoyaojin", "Chopping the Yellow Robe", "Yuanmen Chopping", and "Crying Qin Ting" is high-pitched and upright, full of energy, vigorous and passionate, and full of energy, which is a representative work of "high school".

Yang Baosen Yang Pai.

Classic repertoire: There are many repertoire of the Yang School, such as "Lost Street Pavilion, Empty City Strategy, Cutting Horses", all "Prosperous Spring and Autumn", "Drumming and Scolding Cao", "Dabaoguo, Exploring Huangling, Erjin Palace", "Asking Qiao Haofu and Beating Sticks Out of the Box", "Wang Zuo's Broken Arm", "Hongyang Cave", "Touching the Monument", "Qing Official Book", "Mulberry Garden Sending Son", "Erqiao Seeping Hall House".

Zhou Xinfangqi faction.

Classic repertoire: "Xu Ce Running to the City", "Oolong Courtyard", "Xiao He Chasing Han Xin under the Moon", "**Shi", "Xing Sue Sweeping Panasonic Book", "Chopping the Scripture Hall", "Qingfeng Pavilion", "Sitting on the Stairs to Kill Regrets", "Righteous Duty Wang Kui", "Fighting Yan Song" and so on.

Xi Xiao Bo Xi faction.

Classic repertoire: The representative repertoire includes "Fan Jinzhongju", "White Emperor City", "Lost Space Chop", "Yang Jiajiang", "Ten Daoben", "Shilang Visits the Mother", "Empty City Strategy", "Going to the Roof".

Malianliang Horse Pie.

Classic repertoire: "Sheep's Horn Mourning", "To Leave the Thorn Qingji", "Spring and Autumn Brush", "Lintong Mountain", "String of Dragon Balls", "Heavy Ears Go to the Country", "Ten Old An Liu", "Ganlu Temple".

Tan Xinpei Tan Pai.

Classic repertoire: Tan Xinpei is unstoppable in art, and can play a lot, among which the representative repertoire is: "Min Dai Spine Empty City Strategy", "When the Gong Sells Horses", "Li Lingbei", "Drumming and Scolding Cao", "Catching and Releasing Cao", "Hong Yang Cave", "Mulberry Garden Sending Son", "Shilang Visiting Mother".

The name of the originator of Peking Opera is Cheng Changgeng. Among the first generation of Peking Opera figures, Cheng Changgeng and Zhang Erkui of the Sixi class and Yu Sansheng of the Chuntai class are called "Laosheng Sanjie" and "Laosheng Sanding Jia", and Cheng is the head of the "Sanding Jia". Cheng Changgeng has made important contributions to the formation of Peking Opera art, and is known as the "Leader of the Hui Class", "The Originator of Peking Opera", and "The Father of Peking Opera".

Artistic features. Cheng Changgeng's singing voice was born from the "Hui tune", taken from the Chu tune, and incorporated the strengths of Kunqu Opera and Shanxi Bangzi, and dissolved into the "skin yellow tune", but it was mainly based on Hui sound. His voice is called "the back of the head" in the jargon, and he pays attention to the correct and round words, not fancy, straightforward and straightforward, and deep and hearty.

His singing and chanting methods are soft and rigid, and his voice is pronounced and spoken, and the local flavor of Anhui is stronger.