What is the use of an appendix in a person? In the human body, the role of the appendix

The appendix is rich in lymphoid tissue, which participates in the immune function of the body and should be attributed to the peripheral immune organs, which are responsible for the two major functions of cellular immunity and humoral immunity of the body. The latest research results have confirmed that the appendix also has secretory cells, which can secrete a variety of substances and various digestive enzymes, as well as hormones that promote intestinal peristalsis and growth-related hormones.

After the fetus is born, lymphoid tissue begins to accumulate in the appendix in small amounts, peaks at the age of 20-30 years, then declines rapidly, and disappears completely after the age of 60. In the early stages of human development, the appendix acts as a lymphoid organ that contributes to the maturation of B lymphocytes. B lymphocytes are a type of white blood cell and produce an antibody called immunoglobulin (I-GA).

The researchers also found that the appendix is also involved in producing a molecule that directly helps lymphocytes move to other parts of the body.

It is generally believed that the appendix in childhood and youth has well-developed lymphoid tissue and can transfuse immunoactive lymphocytes, so the appendix can be called one of the immune organs, and in adulthood, this immune function has been replaced by systemic lymph nodes and spleen. In addition, the appendix mucosa has a secretory function, and the appendix wall also has a peristaltic function. By causing white blood cells to affect various antigens or foreign bodies present in the gastrointestinal tract, it is possible for the appendix to inhibit the humoral antibody response that destroys the blood and lymph, and promote local immune function.

The appendix, like the rest of the gastrointestinal tract, is a very thin collection of small Pylelymphatic structures that absorb antigens from ——— intestinal contents and react to those contents. This local immune system plays a vital role in the biology and control of food, medicine, microorganisms and viral antigens. The relationship between these local immune systems and intestinal inflammation, as well as the autoimmune response attached to the systemic immune system, is still being studied.

Thus, the function of the appendix appears to be to expose white blood cells to large amounts of antigens, i.e., foreign substances, in the gastrointestinal tract. Thus, the appendix can help inhibit the potentially damaging humoral antibody response while providing local immunity. The appendix absorbs antigens in the intestine and responds to them.

This local immune system plays an important role in physiological immune responses and the control of food, drugs, bacterial, or viral antigens. Scientists are studying the relationship between these local immune responses and inflammatory bowel disease, as well as autoimmune responses.

If there is an imbalance of bacteria in the intestines, it can lead to ulcerative colitis and segmental ileitis, as well as food poisoning, so don't remove the appendix lightly. In view of these physiological effects of the appendix, scientists urge people to treat the appendix well and not remove it lightly.

The above information**encyclopedia entry appendix (organ), in fact, the specific role is still being studied by the medical community, and there is no particularly clear conclusion for the time being. It is generally said that the organs that were previously used for digestion have degenerated and have remained there.

The appendix is an elongated, cord-like piece of intestinal tissue located between the cecum and ileum.

The appendix is formed by the development of the midgut. At the fifth week of the human embryo, the primordial bases of the cecum and appendix begin to appear, and it is the cecum of the caudal branch of the midgut that emerges. The cecal process expands rapidly proximal at the sixth week, while the distal development is slower.

By 12 weeks, with the appearance of the ascending colon, the cecum also continues to develop, and its distal segment, as an extension of the cecum, slows down its growth, and its shape is significantly smaller than that of the proximal cecum, becoming a narrow earthworm-like blind tube, that is, the appendix. At 16 weeks, the appendix descends from the right upper quadrant with the ascending colon and descends to the lower iliac crest at birth, in the right iliac fossa.

Blood circulation in the appendix: The appendiceal artery comes from the ileocolic artery, which is a terminal blood vessel and generally has no communication branches. When the appendiceal artery is compressed or spasms for some reason, it is easy to cause circulatory disorders in the appendix wall, which promotes the occurrence of appendix inflammation.

When acute inflammation occurs in the appendix, bacteria or purulent emboli can enter the portal vein with venous blood, resulting in portal phlebitis and even liver abscess, which are serious complications of appendicitis.

Lymphoid tissue and nerves of the appendix: The appendix is rich in lymphoid tissue, with more lymphatic follicles and lymphatic pipe networks in the wall, and lymphatic follicles are mainly distributed in the lamina propria and submucosa of the mucosa. These lymphatic follicles are devices that fight infection, and some call them the tonsils of the abdominal cavity.

Lymphatic vessels are injected back into the colonic lymph nodes and then into the supramesenteric lymph nodes. The nerves of the appendix come from the vagus and sympathetic nerves and reach the appendix through the celiac plexus and the superior mesenteric plexus.

Physiological functions of the appendix: The traditional misconception that the appendix is a degenerated organ in the course of human evolution and has no important physiological function should be completely corrected.

Removal of the appendix has no adverse effects on the body. Modern medical research has many new understandings of appendix function, especially the development of immunology and transplant surgery, which suggests to clinical surgeons that the indications for appendectomy should be strictly mastered, and the incidental appendectomy should be more cautious.

The appendix is rich in lymphoid tissue, which is involved in the body's immune function. According to research, the human appendix has B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes, which are equivalent to the structure of the supraluminal sac of birds, which should be attributed to the central immune organ and assume the two specific functions of cellular immunity and humoral immunity of the body. According to the latest research results, the appendix also has secretory cells, which can secrete a variety of substances and digestive enzymes, hormones that promote intestinal hyperperistalsis and growth-related hormones.

In addition, the appendix has a complete internal ring muscle and external longitudinal muscle, a certain length and diameter, with the development of microsurgery, the use of autologous appendix transplantation to replace some tubes such as ureters, urethral defects and strictures of the surgery is becoming more and more common.

Lauren Martin, a professor of physiology at Oklahoma State University in the United States, pointed out through research that the appendix plays an important role in the fetus and adolescence. By about 11 weeks of development, endocrine cells have appeared in the appendix of the human embryo. These endocrine cells in the fetal appendix have produced various biological ammonia and peptide hormones, as well as compounds that contribute to biological control (self-homeostasis) mechanisms.

The appendix fights off germs and has an immune function.

Because the appendix itself is rich in lymphoid tissue, it can secrete immune substances, has a bactericidal effect, and can enhance resistance to cancer. In foreign countries, 914 autopsies were performed, and 18% of those who had had their appendix removed had colorectal cancer were found, which was 40% higher than that of those who had not had their appendix removed. A high proportion of people who die from other cancers are also those who have their appendix removed.

Also known as the vermiform, it is a slender and curved blind tube, located in the lower right of the abdomen, between the cecum and the ileum, its root is connected to the posteromedial wall of the cecum, the distal end is free and atresia, the location of the range of motion varies from person to person, varies greatly, affected by the mesangium, etc., the appendix can extend to any direction of the abdominal cavity. The appendix, located on the lower right side of the abdomen, between the cecum and ileum, is a long, curved blind canal with distal atresia.