Relationship between eukaryotes and protists? 15

Protists refer to single-celled eukaryotes.

1. Examples:

1. Prokaryotes: bacteria, cyanobacteria, actinomycetes, mycoplasma, chlamydia, rickettsia, lactic acid bacteria, pneumococcus, treponema pallidum, Escherichia coli, cyanobacteria, rickettsia, Staphylococcus aureus, Helicobacter pylori, typhoid bacillus, Vibrio cholerae;

2. Eukaryotes: protists, fungi, plants, animals, paramecium, Chlamydomonas, Plasmodium vivax, yeast, Penicillium, jellyfish, large amoeba, fasciola hepatica, tapeworms, nematodes.

2. Features. 1. Eukaryotes: large cell size; There is a formed nucleus; There are complex organelles; The main components of its cell wall are cellulose and pectin.

2. Prokaryotes: small cell size; unformed nucleus, nucleoid; In the cytoplasm there is only ribosomes, which are simple organelles; The main component of the cell wall is peptidoglycan .

Prokaryotes do not have a formed nucleus, such as paramecium.

A nucleus bounded by the presence or absence of a nuclear membrane.

Whether there is a typical nucleus encased in a nuclear membrane, or a type of organelle, prokaryotes have only ribosomes.

The main thing is that eukaryotes have a formed nucleus, while prokaryotes do not.

Eukaryotes have a complex endomembrane system (organelles), prokaryotes have no eukaryotic nucleus, and prokaryotes do not have a shaped nucleus.

At the genetic level, eukaryotes are divided into introns and exons... I don't know what type of questions you want to answer, I hope it can help you.

There is a nucleus with or without a formed nucleus, and prokaryotic cells have a nucleus.

Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus formed by forming.

Eukaryotes have a nucleus encased in a nuclear membrane inside a cell, while prokaryotic cells do not.

Yes, protists are eukaryotes. Protists are the most primitive group of eukaryotes.

Protists are a collection of eukaryotic microorganisms, which are divided into three major groups: algae, protozoa, protobacteria, including ciliates, amoeba, malaria parasites, slime molds, plankton, unicellular algae, etc., as well as photoself-operated single-celled migratory microorganisms, such as euglena, etc.

Organisms in the protist kingdom are all nucleus, eukaryotes, and almost unicellular organisms. Certain eukaryotic protists resemble plants, such as diatoms; some resemble animals, such as amoebae, ciliates; Some resemble both plants and animals, such as euglena.

Main Differences:

1. Eukaryotes are coated with a nuclear membrane, while prokaryotes do not.

2. Eukaryotes have mitochondria, chloroplasts, Golgi apparatus, ribosomes, etc., while prokaryotes only have ribosomes.

3. Prokaryotes: transcription and translation at the same time and place; Eukaryotes: Transcription is within the nucleus and translation is within the cytoplasm.

Structurally differentiated:

Eukaryotic cells have a nuclear membrane (with a formed nucleus) and a variety of organelles, while prokaryotic cells have a nuclear membrane (non-formed nucleus) and only ribosomes.

First, the macro difference:

1. Eukaryotes are coated with a nuclear membrane, while prokaryotes do not.

2. Eukaryotes have mitochondria. Chloroplast. Golgi apparatus. Ribosomes, etc., originally only ribosomes.

3. Eukaryotes evolved from prokaryotes.

4. Multicellular cells must be eukaryotes, which have a shaped nucleus (with a nuclear membrane and nucleolus) and chromosomes (composed of DNA and proteins).

5. Prokaryotic cells do not have a formed nucleus, but only have a nucleus or prokaryotic in the nuclear region, that is, a circular DNA.

6. Eukaryotary cells have some higher membrane organelles (endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, lysosomes, etc.), which prokaryotes do not.

7. Eukaryotes (except for a few lower eukaryotes) generally only contain one gene in one mRNA molecule, and one mRNA molecule in prokaryotes usually contains multiple genes.

Second, the specific differences:

1. Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus composed of chromosomes, nucleolus, nuclear fluid, and double nuclear membrane; Prokaryotic cells do not have a nuclear membrane or nucleolus, so they do not have a true nucleus, only a nucleoid composed of nucleic acids.

2. Transcription of eukaryotic cells is carried out in the nucleus, protein synthesis is carried out in the cytoplasm, and transcription of prokaryotic cells is cross-linked with protein synthesis.

3. Eukaryotic cells have organelles such as endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, and vacuoles, while prokaryotic cells do not.

4. In eukaryotes, except for the cells of some lower groups (such as dinoflagellates, etc.), there are 5 or 4 histones on the chromosomes that combine with DNA to form nucleosomes; In prokaryotes, there is none.

What they have in common:

There are coding and non-coding regions, and there are nucleotide sequences that regulate the expression of genetic information in the non-coding regions, and there are binding sites (promoters) with RNA polymerase upstream of the coding regions