Classification of body construction? And the advantages and disadvantages of load bearing body?

The load-bearing body does not have a frame, and the body serves as the mounting base of the engine and chassis assemblies, and the body also has the role of a frame and bears all the loads.

Merit. 1. Light weight, good overall bending and torsional rigidity;

2. The center of gravity is low, the floor of the cabin is low, and the height of the vehicle is small;

3. It is mainly used for thin plate processing, and can be welded by spot welding, which is easy to mass produce.

Shortcoming. 1. The noise and vibration of the road surface and the engine are easy to enter the body;

Because the entire body is used to ensure stiffness, it is difficult to modify.

The body shell structure can be divided into three forms: load-bearing, non-load-bearing and semi-load-bearing according to the stress.

Load-bearing bodyThe car is characterized by the absence of a frame, and the body serves as the basis for the installation of the engine and chassis assemblies. In this case, the load of the above-mentioned various parts and the load of the load are all borne by the car body.

Non-load-bearing bodyThe car is characterized by a complete frame, and the body is flexibly connected to the frame. In this case, the body mounted on the frame has little effect on the reinforcement of the frame, and the car body only bears its own gravity, and the rest is directly borne by the frame.

Semi-load-bearing bodyIt is characterized by the rigid connection of the body and the frame by means of screw connection, riveting or welding. In this case, in addition to bearing the load of itself and the load, the car body also helps to strengthen the frame to a certain extent and share part of the load of the frame.

The role of the car body.

The body structure should meet the functional requirements of vision, ride, beauty, safety, reliability and durability.

The body should provide convenient working conditions for the driver, comfortable riding conditions for the occupants, protect them from vibration, noise, exhaust gas invasion and the impact of the harsh outside climate when the car is moving, and ensure that the goods are carried in good condition and easy to load and unload.

Some structural measures and equipment on the body of a car also help to drive safely and mitigate the consequences of accidents. The body should ensure that the car has a reasonable external shape, which can effectively guide the surrounding airflow when the car is moving, so as to reduce air resistance and fuel consumption.

The body should also help to improve the driving stability of the car and improve the cooling conditions of the engine, and ensure good ventilation inside the body.

The frame type has a complete skeleton (or frame), and the body skin is fixed to the assembled skeleton.

Semi-framed models have only part of the skeleton (e.g. individual columns, arch beams, reinforcements, etc.), which are directly connected to each other or by skin plates.

The monolithic skeleton is not skeletonized, and the stiffeners formed when various skin plates are connected are used to replace the skeleton. Passenger cars and larger carriages mostly use the frame type, and the cabs of cars and trucks are widely used in the integral type.

Component parts of automobile bodies

The structure of the engine cover is generally composed of an outer plate and an inner plate, with a thermal insulation material sandwiched in the middle, and the inner plate plays a role in enhancing rigidity, and its geometry is selected by the manufacturer, which is basically a skeleton form. When the bonnet is opened, it is generally flipped backwards, and to a lesser extent, it is flipped forward.

The engine cover, which is flipped backwards, should not be in contact with the front windshield, should have a minimum spacing of about 10 mm, open to a predetermined angle. In order to prevent the driving due to vibration to open by itself, the front end of the engine cover should have a safety lock hook locking device, and the lock device switch is arranged under the cabin instrument panel, and the engine cover should also be locked when the door is locked.

A car usually consists of four parts: engine, chassis, body, and electrical (electronic) equipment.

1.The engine is the power plant of the car, and its function is to make the fuel supplied into it burn and generate power.

Generally, automobiles use reciprocating piston internal combustion engines. It is composed of a body and crank connecting rod mechanism, a valve mechanism, a fuel supply system, a cooling system, a lubrication system, an ignition system (gasoline engine) and a starting system.

2.Chassis: It consists of a drive train, a driving system, a steering system and a brake system.

1) Drive train: It is to receive the power of the engine and transmit it to the driving wheels. It includes: clutch, transmission, universal transmission and drive axle, etc.

2) Driving system: It is to install the general name and components of the car in the appropriate position, and play a supporting role in the whole car to ensure the normal driving of the car. It includes: frames, axles, suspensions, wheels, etc.

3) Steering system: It is to make the car drive in the direction given by the driver. It includes: steering gear, steering transmission mechanism, and some cars also have power steering.

4) brake system: is for the car to slow down or stop, and ensure that the driver still reliably stays in place after leaving the car, it includes: brake and brake transmission mechanism.

3.Body: It is a device that forms the riding space of the driver and passengers, and is also a tool for storing luggage and other items.

4.Electrical equipment: It is an important part of the automobile, which is composed of power supply, engine ignition system (gasoline engine) and starting system, lighting and signal equipment, air conditioning instrumentation and alarm system, and auxiliary electrical appliances.

What is Car Body Structure?

1. From the body structure: according to the body bearing mode, it can be divided into: load-bearing and non-load-bearing body; According to the back structure of the body shape, it can be divided into:

It can be divided into foldback body, straightback body, cabin back body and short back body; According to the body shape of the box structure can be divided into:

Three-box body, two-box body and single-box body.

Second, from the body shell structure can be divided into: frame body structure: by the frame, front body and main body; Monolithic body structure:

Generally, it is divided into several types such as FR (engine front rear wheel drive), FF (engine front wheel drive), MF (engine middle rear wheel drive) and so on.

The load-bearing body does not have a frame, and the body has doubled as a frame, holding all the parts to the body, and all the forces are also borne by the body. Therefore, the load-bearing body and the non-load-bearing use are completely different.

The body parts of the load-bearing body (side panels, columns, roof, etc.) are subjected to vibrations and pressures transmitted from the ground and suspension, while only the chassis of the non-load-bearing body is subjected to these.

Merit.

No frame, reduce the weight of the whole vehicle;

The structure does not affect the interior space of the compartment, the body height is reduced, and it is convenient to get on and off the car;

It is suitable for cars, cars, and urban SUVs, which are relatively light and fuel-efficient.

The center of gravity is low, the road is stable, and the integral body is relatively safe.

Shortcoming.

Vibrations and noises from the drivetrain and suspension are transmitted directly into the vehicle, and anti-vibration and sound insulation measures need to be taken;

The strength of the chassis is much inferior to the body of the girder structure, and when the four wheels are stressed unevenly, the body will be deformed;

The manufacturing cost is on the high side.

It is only suitable for driving in good road conditions, and the passability of poor road surface is poor, and the uneven road surface may cause dragging.

There is no load-bearing body, but the body also functions as a frame, holding all the parts to the body, and all the forces are borne by the body. Therefore, the purpose of loading and unloading the body is completely different.

Car parts (side walls, pillars, roof, etc.) The load-bearing body is subjected to vibration and pressure transmitted from the ground, while the non-load-bearing body has only one chassis.

Advantages: no frame, reduce the weight of the whole vehicle;

The structure does not affect the interior space, the body height is reduced, and it is convenient to get on and off the car;

Suitable for sedans, small cars, urban SUVs, light and fuel-efficient.

The center of gravity is low, the road surface is stable, and the whole body is safer.

Disadvantages: The vibration and noise of the suspension will be directly transmitted into the car, so it is necessary to take anti-vibration and sound insulation measures;

The strength of the chassis is far less than that of the body of the girder structure, and the uneven stress of the four wheels will lead to the deformation of the body;

The manufacturing cost is high.

It is only suitable for driving on roads in good road conditions. Roads with poor road conditions have poor passability, and bumps in the road may cause dragging.

When the body is damaged, it can be disassembled for repair and correction respectively, and a considerable number of types of passenger cars, pickup trucks and hard rotten Zhichang Pai Yue Wild Cars all adopt a vehicle-bearing body structure.